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  • Neurotransmitters and integration in neuronal-astroglial networks
    Verkhratsky, Alexei ; Rodríguez, José J. ; Parpura, Vladimir
    Two major neural cell types, glia, astrocytes in particular, and neurones can release chemical transmitters that act as soluble signalling compounds for intercellular communication. Exocytosis, a ... process which depends on an increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) levels, represents a common denominator for release of neurotransmitters, stored in secretory vesicles, from these neural cells. While neurones rely predominately on the immediate entry of Ca(2+) from the extracellular space to the cytosol in this process, astrocytes support their cytosolic Ca(2+) increases by appropriating this ion from the intracellular endoplasmic reticulum store and extracellular space. Additionally, astrocytes can release neurotransmitters using a variety of non-vesicular pathways which are mediated by an assortment of plasmalemmal channels and transporters. Once a neuronal and/or astrocytic neurotransmitter is released into the extracellular space, it can activate plasma membrane neurotransmitter receptors on neural cells, causing autocrine and/or paracrine signalling. Moreover, chemical transmission is essential not only for homocellular, but also for heterocellular bi-directional communication in the brain. Further detailed understanding of chemical transmission will aid our comprehension of the brain (dys)function in heath and disease.
    Source: Neurochemical research. - ISSN 0364-3190 (Vol. 37, iss. 11, Nov. 2012, str. 2326-2338)
    Type of material - article, component part ; adult, serious
    Publish date - 2012
    Language - english
    COBISS.SI-ID - 32017113

source: Neurochemical research. - ISSN 0364-3190 (Vol. 37, iss. 11, Nov. 2012, str. 2326-2338)
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