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Synthesis of new N-benzylpiperidine derivatives as cholinesterase inhibitors with ß-amyloid anti-aggregation properties and beneficial effects on memory in vivo
Więckowska, Anna ...
Due to the complex nature of Alzheimerʼs disease, multi-target-directed ligand approaches are one of the most promising strategies in the search for effective treatments. Acetylcholinesterase, ...butyrylcholinesterase and ß-amyloid are the predominant biological targets in the search for new anti-Alzheimerʼs agents. Our aim was to combine both anticholinesterase and ß-amyloid anti-aggregation activities in one molecule, and to determine the therapeutic potential in vivo. We designed and synthesized 28 new compounds as derivatives of donepezil that contain the N-benzylpiperidine moiety combinedwith the phthalimide or indole moieties. Most of these test compounds showed micromolar activities against cholinesterases and aggregation of ß-amyloid, combined with positive results in blood-brain barrier permeability assays. The most promising compound 23 (2-(8-(1-(3-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-ylamino)octyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione) is an inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 0.72 [micro]M) that has ß-amyloid anti-aggregation activity (72.5% inhibition at 10 [microM]) and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, in an animal model of memory impairment inducedby scopolamine, the activity of 23 was comparable to that of donepezil.The selected compound 23 is an excellent lead structure in the further search for new anti-Alzheimerʼs agents.
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