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Pressureless reactive sintering of TiAl-TiC and Ti3Al-TiC composites = Reakcijsko sintranje kompozitov TiAl-TiC in Ti3Al-TiC pri atmosferskem tlaku
Kevorkijan, Varužan ; Škapin, Srečo D.
TiAl and Ti[sub](3)Al based composites reinforced with volume fractions 10-50 % particles were successfully prepared by pressureless reaction sintering of reaction mixtures consisting of commercial ...titanium aluminide powders (TiAl with traces of Ti[sub](3)Al and the single phased Ti[sub](3)Al) blended with the appropriate amount of ceramic reinforcement, 5-10 % of Al powder and, in some cases, also 5 % of Ti powder added as sintering agents. The green compacts made from the blended powder mixture were reaction sintered at 1300 [compositum]C for 2 h in an Ar + 4 % H[sub](2)-rich environment using a vacuum furnace. The morphology of the commercial powders and the microstructure of the as-sintered composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The pressureless sintering of as-received TiAl and Ti[sub](3)Al powders resulted in samples with 10-15 % of the retained porosity. On the other side, the addition of 10 % of TiC particles to the sintering mixture improved pressureless densification enabling fabrication of composite samples with >95 % of theoretical density without addition of free aluminium. In these particular cases, densification was promoted by chemical reactions between TiAl or Ti[sub](3)Al and TiC leading to the formation of Al[sub](2)Ti[sub](4)C[sub]2 and Ti[sub](3)AlC secondary bonding phases respectively. However, as it was confirmed by sintering experiments, for successful (>95 % of theoretical density) pressureless densification of composite samples with more than 10 vol. of TiC, the addition of 5-10 % of free aluminium and 5 % titanium, depending on the actual amount of TiC reinforcement, was necessary. The addition of Al and Ti promotes liquid reaction sintering and the formation of secondary Ti-Al-C bonding phases in an Al-Ti co-continuous network. The tensile properties and Vickers hardness of composite samples were measured at room temperature. The improvement in tensile properties (except elongation) and Vickers hardness was found to correlate with the amount of TiC reinforcement in the matrix.
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