Probiotiki in njihova vloga pri črevesnih okužbah = Probiotics and their role in intestinal infections
Orel, Rok, 1963-
Probiotics are live or non-viable micro-organisms, their cell components or products that when ingested have beneficial effect on human health. The majority of research work is done on their effect ...on therapy and prevention ofgastrointestinal infections. Many clinical trials and meta-analyses of theirresults proved that probiotic use in acute diarrhea shortens episodes of diarrhea by approximately one day, and that their efficacy is better in children than in adults, increase with higher doses, and is higher in diarrheacaused by viruses, especially rotaviruses, than those caused by bacteria. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is the most studied probiotic in acute diarrhea. Although some results point to the possibility of effective prophylaxis of diarrhea with probiotics, the evidence is still scarce. Twenty to 60% of travellers from developed countries to developing countries exprience traveller's diarrhea. Although the results of probiotic use for the prevention of traveller's diarrhea are promising, they are also too conflicting to draw out any conclusion for routine use of probiotics. During antibiotic treatment, approximately 5% to 39% of patients suffer from of antibiotic-associated diarrhea as a resault of changes in normal intestinal bacterial microflora. Many clinical trials as well as meta-analyses of their results have shown, that the preventive use of probiotics, especially with theyeast Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus species, significantly decreases the risk for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Clostridium difficile is the most important causative agent. Unfortunately, the results of clinical studies do not provide enough evidence for routine use of probiotics in the prevention of C. difficile diarrhea.
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