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13.
Severe tick-borne encephalitis in Slovenia in the years 2001-2005 : time for a mass vaccination campaign?
Jereb, Matjaž, 1961- ...
The aim of this retrospective study was to assess some clinical, epidemiological and laboratory parameters of severe tick-borne encephalitis inSlovenia in the last five years, to compare them with ...published data, and toestimate need for providing a policy of active immunization. Thirty-three adult patients with a severe course of the disease, admitted to the intensive care unit of the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia during a five year period, participated. All the patientshad specific serum IgM antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus at admissions and IgG antibodies were present in 29 out of 33 patients. Twenty-two patients were admitted because of severe consciousness disturbances, nine suffered from spinal nerve paralysis, in two patients cranial nerve paralysis was observed, and one suffered from generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Ten patients were mechanically ventilated and three died. Leukocytosis in peripheral veins was found in twenty-one patients and nine had a C-reactive protein serum concentration over 50 mg/l. Nineteen patients had a cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte count exceeding 100 x 10(6)/l anda cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration was over the cut-off value of 0.45 g/l in majority. The findings of the present study confirmed some previous reports about clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of patients with severe tick-borne encephalitis. We have foundthat tick-borne encephalitis in Slovenia has a relatively low fatality rate. However, the severe course with long-lasting sequelae of the disease justifies vaccination of a risk population in endemic areas.
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