Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection is considered one of the most serious disease threats for the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) Over 14 years (2008-2021), we investigated FeLV infection ...using point-of-care antigen test and quantitative real-time TaqMan qPCR for provirus detection in blood and tissues in lynxes from Andalusia (Southern Spain). A total of 776 samples from 586 individuals were included in this study. The overall prevalence for FeLV antigen in blood/serum samples was 1.4% (5/360) (95% CI: 0.2-2.6), FeLV proviral DNA prevalence in blood samples was 6.2% (31/503) (95% CI: 4.1-8.6), and FeLV proviral DNA in tissues samples was 10.2% (34/333) (95% CI: 7-13.5). From a subset of 129 longitudinally sampled individuals, 9.3% (12/129) PCR-converted during the study period. Our results suggest that FeLV infection in the Andalusian population is enzootic, with circulation of the virus at low levels in almost all the sampling years. Moreover, since only one viremic individual succumbed to the infection, this study suggests that lynxes may therefore control the infection decreasing the possibility of developing a more aggressive outcome. Although our results indicate that the FeLV infection in the Iberian lynx from Andalusia tends to stay within the regressive stage, continuous FeLV surveillance is paramount to predict potential outbreaks and ensure the survival of this population.
Los dispositivos digitales han adquirido un papel fundamental en las dinámicas sociales entre los adolescentes, aumentando la prevalencia de conductas de riesgo como el ciberacoso. Aunque su estudio ...ha aumentado en las últimas décadas, aún son escasos los trabajos centrados en conocer los efectos de formas de cibervictimización sutiles, como el ciber-rumor. Los objetivos del estudio fueron, primero, examinar si las víctimas de ciber-rumor presentan mayores niveles de síntomas internalizantes, y segundo, explorar si la resiliencia actúa como mediadora de dicha asociación, controlando el efecto del sexo. Un total de 558 escolares (54.3% chicas) con edades entre 13 y 17 años (M = 14.65 años; DT = 1.19) participaron en el estudio. El tratamiento de datos siguió un modelo de mediación a través de PROCESS. Los resultados evidenciaron que las víctimas de ciber-rumor presentaron niveles más altos de depresión, ansiedad y estrés que los adolescentes que indicaron no haber sido víctimas de ciber-rumor. Los modelos de mediación mostraron que la resiliencia medió en la relación entre ser víctima de ciber-rumor y los niveles de depresión y ansiedad, pero no con los de estrés. No se encontró que el sexo moderara dichos efectos. En conclusión, estos resultados subrayan la importancia de atender a los fenómenos de ciberagresión dado sus efectos sobre el bienestar social y emocional identificados en este estudio. De ello se deriva la necesidad de diseñar programas de prevención que incluyan entre sus estrategias la promoción de habilidades para el afrontamiento del ciber-rumor.
The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is an endangered species restricted to several areas of Spain and Portugal. Its low genetic diversity likely provokes immune depression and high susceptibility to ...infectious diseases. The intestinal microbiota is closely related to host health and nutrition. In order to contribute to the knowledge of the Iberian lynx intestinal microbiota, fecal microbiota of captive specimens from two breeding centers ("La Olivilla" and "El Acebuche"), located in Southern Spain, were studied by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). Results grouped microbiota in two main clusters (I and III) which included DGGE patterns of 19 out of 36 specimens, cluster I being the most frequent in "La Olivilla" (50%) and cluster III in "El Acebuche" (55.55 %) specimens. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla were identified. Segregation of clusters I and III was attributed to different microorganism presence (Pseudomonas koreensis, Pseudomonas migulae, Carnobacterium sp., Arthrobacter, Robinsoniella peorensis and Ornithinibacillus sp.) and ability to use different carbon sources. Biolog EcoPlates® results indicate high functional diversity of fecal microbiota, it being higher in cluster III. The great impact of intestinal microbiota on host health supports the importance of its microbial composition understanding. This study is the first report of captive Iberian lynx fecal microbiota composition. Int Microbiol 20(1): 31-41 (2017).
Introduction: Research on bullying, and on its protective or risk factors in the school environment, continues to be an important area both for investigation and for educational practice. Certain ...personal and contextual characteristics have been considered key to preventing school violence. Method: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between victimization and aggression roles and how certain variables in the students' direct context impact these two psychological processes. For this purpose, we surveyed 1278 students (47.7% girls) from southern Spain (Andalusia), ages 10 to 14 years (M = 11.11; SD = 0.754). Results: Linear regression analyses showed the explanatory power of protective factors such as social adjustment or adjustment to norms, on perception of victimization and unjustified aggression. Individual factors such as gender, and personal factors like self-esteem, give rise to differences in one's perceived involvement in either role. Discussion and conclusions: This article focuses on the role of factors in the immediate context.
Urban wetlands provide a wide range of ecosystem services that are important for human-well-being. Despite their social and environmental importance, the degradation of urban wetlands continues ...mainly due to land use changes induced by rapid urbanization. Estimating the impact of these changes on ecosystem services is crucial to support the decision-making process of city planners at different levels. In this study, the spatial extents of the urban wetlands of San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico were determined for the years 2001 and 2018 in order to relate the spatial changes between these years with the provision and economic value of ecosystem services. Google Earth and SPOT imagery were used to evaluate land use/land cover changes while international coefficients were used to assess the value of the ecosystem services by category. Findings reveal a 7.3% decrease in the urban wetland area and a 12.5% increase of urban areas during the study period. The ecosystem service valuation shows that the total value flow decreased around $5 million (2007 USD) during the 17-year period, mainly due to decreases in the potential for regulating and cultural services. The use of freely available land use/land cover data together with global ecosystem service estimates reduce the cost of ground data collection and provides quick and reliable information that could help decision makers with land use planning in the context of data-scarce regions.
Introduction: Dialysis fluid (DF), an essential element in hemodialysis (HD), is manufactured in situ by mixing three components: treated water, bicarbonate concentrate and acid concentrate. To avoid ...the precipitation of calcium and magnesium carbonate that is produced in DF by the addition of bicarbonate, it is necessary to add an acid. There are 2 acid concentrates that contain acetate (ADF) or citrate (CDF) as a stabilizer. Objective: To compare the acute effect of HD with CDF vs. ADF on the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, acid base balance, coagulation, inflammation and hemodynamic stability. Methods: Prospective, multicenter, randomized and crossed study, of 32 weeks duration, in patients in three-week HD, AK-200-Ultra-S or Artis monitor, 16 weeks with ADF SoftPac®, prepared with 3 mmol/L of acetate, and 16 weeks with CDF SelectBag Citrate®, with 1 mmol/L of citrate. Patients older than 18 years were included in HD for a minimum of 3 months by arteriovenous fistula. Epidemiological, dialysis, pre and postdialysis biochemistry, episodes of arterial hypotension, and coagulation scores were collected monthly during the 8 months of the study. Pre and post-dialysis analysis were extracted: venous blood gas, calcium (Ca), ionic calcium (Cai), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) among others.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03319680. Results: We included 56 patients, 47 (84%) men and 9 (16%) women, mean age: 65.3 (16.4) years, technique HD/HDF: 20 (35.7%)/36 (64.3%).We found differences (p < 0.05) when using the DF with citrate (C) versus acetate (A) in the postdialysis values of bicarbonate C: 26.9 (1.9) vs. A: 28.5 (3) mmol/L, Cai C: 1.1 (0.05) vs. A: 1.2 (0.08) mmol/L, Mg C: 1.8 (0.1) vs A: 1, 9 (0.2) mg/dL and PTH C: 255 (172) vs. 148 (149) pg/mL. We did not find any differences in any of the parameters measured before dialysis. Of the 4416 sessions performed, 2208 in each group, 311 sessions (14.1%) with ADF and 238 (10.8%) with CDF (p < 0.01), were complicated by arterial hypotension. The decrease in maximum blood volume measured by Hemoscan® biosensor was also lower −3.4 (7.7) vs −5.1 (8.2) although without statistical significance. Conclusion: Dialysis with citrate acutely produces less postdialysis alkalemia and significantly modifies Ca, Mg and PTH. CDF has a positive impact on hemodynamic tolerance. Resumen: Introducción: El líquido de diálisis (LD), elemento esencial en la hemodiálisis (HD), se fabrica in situ mezclando 3 componentes: agua tratada, concentrado de bicarbonato y concentrado ácido. Para evitar la precipitación de carbonato cálcico y magnésico que se produce en el LD por la adición de bicarbonato, es necesario añadir un ácido. Existen 2 concentrados ácidos según contengan acetato (LDA) o citrato (LDC) como estabilizante. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto agudo de la HD con LDC vs. LDA sobre el metabolismo del calcio, fosforo y magnesio, el equilibrio ácido base, la coagulación, inflamación y la estabilidad hemodinámica. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, aleatorizado y cruzado, de 32 semanas de duración, en pacientes en HD trisemanal, monitor AK-200-Ultra-S o Artis, 16 semanas con LDA SoftPac®, elaborado con 3 mmol/l de acetato, y 16 semanas con LDC SelectBag Citrate®, con 1 mmol/l de citrato. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años en HD durante un mínimo de 3 meses mediante fístula arteriovenosa. Se recogieron datos epidemiológicos, de diálisis, bioquímica pre- y posdiálisis, episodios de hipotensión arterial, y scores de coagulación mensualmente durante los 8 meses de estudio. Se extrajeron pre- y posdiálisis: gasometría venosa, calcio (Ca), calcio iónico (Cai), fósforo (P), magnesio (Mg) y hormona paratiroidea (PTH), entre otros.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03319680. Resultados: Se incluyeron 56 pacientes, 47 (84%) hombres y 9 (16%) mujeres de edad media: 65,3 (16,4) años, técnica HD/HDF: 20 (35,7%)/36 (64,3%).Encontramos diferencias (p < 0,05) cuando utilizamos el LD con citrato (C) frente a acetato (A) en los valores posdiálisis de bicarbonato C: 26,9 (1,9) vs. A: 28,5 (3) mmol/l, Cai C: 1,1 (0,05) vs A: 1,2 (0,08) mmol/l, Mg C. 1,8 (0,1) vs A: 1,9 (0,2) mg/dl y PTH C: 255 (172) vs. 148 (149) pg/ml. No encontramos diferencias en ninguno de los parámetros medidos prediálisis. Se registraron menos episodios de hipotensión arterial durante las sesiones con el LDC; de las 4.416 sesiones de HD, 2.208 en cada grupo, cursaron con hipotensión 311 sesiones (14,1%) con LDA y 238 (10,8%) con LDC (p < 0,01). También fue menor la caída de volumen sanguíneo máximo medido por biosensor Hemoscan® −3,4(7,7) vs. −5,1 (8,2), aunque sin significación estadística. Conclusión: La diálisis con citrato produce de forma aguda menor alcalemia posdiálisis y modifica de forma significativa el Ca, el Mg y la PTH. El LDC tiene un impacto positivo sobre la tolerancia hemodinámica. Keywords: Hemodialysis, Bicarbonate, Acetate, Citrate, Calcium, Magnesium, Arterial hypotension, Palabras clave: Hemodiálisis, Bicarbonato, Acetato, Citrato, Calcio, Magnesio, Hipotensión arterial
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has a dismal prognosis. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown benefit in other inflammatory diseases.
To evaluate the safety and feasibility of endobronchial ...administration of bone marrow autologous MSCs (BM-MSC) in patients with mild-to-moderate IPF.
A phase I multicentre clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01919827) with a single endobronchial administration of autologous adult BM-MSCs in patients diagnosed with mild-to-moderate IPF. In a first escalating-dose phase, three patients were included sequentially in three dose cohorts (10×10
, 50×10
and 100×10
cells). In a second phase, nine patients received the highest tolerated dose. Follow-up with pulmonary function testing, 6-min walk test and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire was done at 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months, and with computed tomography at 3, 6 and 12 months.
21 bone marrow samples were obtained from 17 patients. Three patients were excluded from treatment due to chromosome aberrations detected in MSCs after culture, and one patient died before treatment. Finally, 13 patients received the BM-MSC infusion. No treatment-related severe adverse events were observed during follow-up. Compared to baseline, the mean forced vital capacity showed an initial decline of 8.1% at 3 months. The number of patients without functional progression was six (46%) at 3 months and three (23%) at 12 months.
The endobronchial infusion of BM-MSCs did not cause immediate serious adverse events in IPF patients, but a relevant proportion of patients suffered clinical and/or functional progression. Genomic instability of BM-MSCs during culture found in three patients may be troublesome for the use of autologous MSCs in IPF patients.
The analysis of cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is potentially a less invasive, more dynamic assessment of cancer progression and treatment response than characterizing solid tumor biopsies. ...Standard isolation methods require separation of plasma by centrifugation, a time-consuming step that complicates automation. To address these limitations, we present an automatable magnetic bead-based ctDNA isolation method that eliminates centrifugation to purify ctDNA directly from peripheral blood (PB). To develop and test our method, ctDNA from cancer patients was purified from PB and plasma. We found that allelic fractions of somatic single-nucleotide variants from target gene capture libraries were comparable, indicating that the PB ctDNA purification method may be a suitable replacement for the plasma-based protocols currently in use.
Dialysis fluid (DF), an essential element in hemodialysis (HD), is manufactured in situ by mixing three components: treated water, bicarbonate concentrate and acid concentrate. To avoid the ...precipitation of calcium and magnesium carbonate that is produced in DF by the addition of bicarbonate, it is necessary to add an acid. There are 2 acid concentrates that contain acetate (ADF) or citrate (CDF) as a stabilizer.
To compare the acute effect of HD with CDF vs. ADF on the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, acid base balance, coagulation, inflammation and hemodynamic stability.
Prospective, multicenter, randomized and crossed study, of 32 weeks duration, in patients in three-week HD, AK-200-Ultra-S or Artis monitor, 16 weeks with ADF SoftPac
, prepared with 3mmol/L of acetate, and 16 weeks with CDF SelectBag Citrate
, with 1mmol/L of citrate. Patients older than 18 years were included in HD for a minimum of 3 months by arteriovenous fistula. Epidemiological, dialysis, pre and postdialysis biochemistry, episodes of arterial hypotension, and coagulation scores were collected monthly during the 8 months of the study. Pre and post-dialysis analysis were extracted: venous blood gas, calcium (Ca), ionic calcium (Cai), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) among others. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03319680.
We included 56 patients, 47 (84%) men and 9 (16%) women, mean age: 65.3 (16.4) years, technique HD/HDF: 20 (35.7%)/36 (64.3%). We found differences (p<0.05) when using the DF with citrate (C) versus acetate (A) in the postdialysis values of bicarbonate C: 26.9 (1.9) vs. A: 28.5 (3) mmol/L, Cai C: 1.1 (0.05) vs. A: 1.2 (0.08) mmol/L, Mg C: 1.8 (0.1) vs A: 1, 9 (0.2) mg/dL and PTH C: 255 (172) vs. 148 (149) pg/mL. We did not find any differences in any of the parameters measured before dialysis. Of the 4,416 sessions performed, 2,208 in each group, 311 sessions (14.1%) with ADF and 238 (10.8%) with CDF (p<0.01), were complicated by arterial hypotension. The decrease in maximum blood volume measured by Hemoscan
biosensor was also lower -3.4 (7.7) vs -5.1 (8.2) although without statistical significance.
Dialysis with citrate acutely produces less postdialysis alkalemia and significantly modifies Ca, Mg and PTH. CDF has a positive impact on hemodynamic tolerance.
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