Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic can be seen as mental trauma. The concept of baseline beliefs helps to explain the extent to which mental trauma affects individuals.
Objectives
The study aimed to ...investigate baseline beliefs in humanities students in Russian universities and analyse the relationship between baseline beliefs and emotional reactions.
Methods
Data collection was carried out between May and July 2020 using a Google form that we developed. A total of 92 humanities students participated in the study. The WAS-37 was used to examine baseline beliefs, and the DASS-21 was used to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels.
Results
We found that the mean values of the scales “Benevolence in the World” (M = 34.8±6.5), “Self-image” (M = 27.2±4.4), “Luck” (M = 32.7±5.7) and “Controlling beliefs” (M = 27.9±4.0) were above the normative mean values for the Russian population and only the values of the scale “Justice” (M = 20.8±3.8) were below these. All components of baseline beliefs had negative associations with depression, anxiety, and stress; only “Benevolence in the World” was associated exclusively with anxiety (r
s
= -0.223, p < 0.05), and “Justice” with depression (r
s
= -0.223, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
In a pandemic, the world around them is perceived by humanities students as less fair. Trust in the world, beliefs about the fairness of the world and a positive self-image are correlated with a more favourable emotional state. By this, we support the view that individuals’ implicit beliefs (baseline beliefs) are related to the severity of the traumatic event.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic provoked emotional reactions in Russian student populations. Hardiness is seen as a personality predisposition that increases individuals’ resilience to stress.
...Objectives
The study aimed to determine the severity of depression, anxiety, stress, and various components of hardiness in Russian students. In addition, the correlations between emotional reactions and hardiness components were also analysed.
Methods
Data collection was carried out between 29 May and 06 July 2020. A total of 129 medical and non-medical students participated in the study. The DASS-21 was used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress levels, while the Personal Views Survey-III examined hardiness. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.
Results
We found that medical students were less likely to be depressed than non-medical students (M = 4.03 and M = 6.01 respectively, p < 0.05). Medical students had higher levels of the component of hardiness such as commitment (M = 20.95 and M = 18.43 respectively, p < 0.05). In both groups, all hardiness components have negative relationships with depression, anxiety, and stress, but in the medical group control is associated only with depression (r
x
= -0.446, p < 0.01), whereas the other group also has associations with anxiety (r
x
= -0.356, p < 0.01) and stress (r
x
= -0.407, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Hardiness was negatively related to depression, anxiety, and stress in a pandemic setting. Medical students were more adaptable to the pandemic than non-medical students.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
Pregnancy and childcare are naturally stressful for women, often accompanied by the asthenic syndrome. In a pandemic situation, this type of stress may be potentiated by external ...conditions.
Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the life-state orientations and asthenia levels of pregnant women and young mothers in the context of a pandemic. We also analyzed the correlations between the life-state orientations and the different types of asthenias.
Methods
Data collection was carried out in June 2020 using a Google form that we developed. Pregnant women and young mothers with children under seven years of age participated in the study with 47 respondents. We used the Purpose-in-Life Test to investigate the meaningful orientations and the MFI-20 to determine the level of asthenia. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.
Results
We found that the mean overall MFI-20 score (M = 58.0±5.9) exceeded the mean values in our sample, indicating the presence of the asthenic syndrome. Physical asthenia (M = 12.9±1.4) and decreased activity (M = 12.0±1.7) were the strongest, with the lowest score on the general asthenia scale (M = 10.6±1.8). Correlation analysis showed that all components of meaningful orientations had multiple positive correlations with different types of asthenias, and the overall asthenia score was 100 % related to life meaningfulness (p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Pregnant women and young mothers are at risk for asthenia in the COVID-19 pandemic. This is obviously due to many responsibilities of mothers raising children.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
During the pandemic of new coronavirus infection, some medical students were actively recruited to work with infected patients, which could provoke depression, anxiety, and stress. The ...concept of baseline beliefs predicts characteristics of individuals’ experience of trauma.
Objectives
The study aimed to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels in medical students and examine their baseline beliefs, as well as the relationship between baseline beliefs and emotional reactions.
Methods
Data were collected in the spring and summer of 2020 using a Google form that we developed. Thirty-seven medical students participated in the study. The WAS-37 questionnaire was used to examine baseline beliefs and the DASS-21 to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.
Results
We found that 78 % of the respondents had no depression, 86 % had no manifestations of anxiety, and 83 % felt stress-free. The mean values on the “Benevolence in the World” scale (M = 32.3±8.0) were within the average normative values, those on the “Justice” scale (M = 19.8±5.0) were below them, and those on the “Self-Image” scale (M = 29.6±5.9), “Luck” (M = 32.5±6.9) and “Controlling Beliefs” (M = 27.3±4.1) were above the average normative values. We found only one statistically significant relationship between emotional reactions and baseline beliefs, a negative correlation between depression and luck (r
x
= -0.360, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
In pandemic medical students, beliefs about one’s luck were associated with lower levels of depression.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection can be considered as a long-term traumatic event. It is known that chronic stress is characterized by dynamics of emotional state caused by ...processes of adaptation and maladaptation.
Objectives
Our study aimed to investigate the dynamics of depression, anxiety, and stress levels among Russian students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Data were collected from May to July 2020 (the first pandemic wave) and from October 2020 to April 2021 (the second wave). A total of 170 non-medical university students participated in the study. We used the DASS-21 to determine levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Results
We found that during the first wave of the pandemic, 57 % of students showed no symptoms of depression, 77 % had no symptoms of anxiety, and 76 % showed no signs of stress. In the second wave, 50 % of students showed no depression, 65 % no anxiety and 67 % no stress. Analysis of mean values showed that the second pandemic wave provoked higher levels of anxiety (M = 3.32±4.25 vs M = 4.71±4.71, p < 0.05) and stress (M = 6.50±4.50 vs M = 7.99±4.97, p < 0.05) .
Conclusions
The second wave of the new coronavirus pandemic provoked more severe emotional reactions among Russian students than the first. By these results we suggest that the duration of the pandemic harms the emotional state of the general population. Therefore, it is essential to develop and implement psychotherapeutic programs to restore the mental health of Russian citizens.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
Different areas of life quality are associated with emotional status. In pandemic
conditions, the index of life quality may contribute to emotional stability. However,
HIV-infected ...patients are at risk for affective disorders and are often characterized by a
low life rate.
Objectives
The study aimed to examine the relationship between life quality and emotional status
among HIV-infected patients during the second wave of the pandemic.
Methods
Data were collected between February and July 2021 using a Google form we developed.
Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. We used the WHOQOL-BREF to
examine the quality of life and the DASS-21 to determine depression, anxiety, and stress
levels. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.
Results
We found that 64 % of the respondents had no symptoms of depression, 61 % of the
patients reported no anxiety, and 71 % had no detectable stress. We found that physical and
psychological well-being was associated with depression (r
xy
= -0.318, p
< 0.05) and anxiety (r
xy
= -0.308, p < 0.05), microsocial support
was associated with depression (r
xy
= -0.430, p < 0.01) and anxiety
(r
xy
= -0.330, p < 0.05), social well-being with depression
(r
xy
= -0.375, p < 0.01), anxiety (r
xy
=
-0.448, p < 0.01) and stress (r
xy
= -0.362, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
During the second pandemic wave, the social well-being was most strongly associated
with emotional well-being among patients living with HIV. This indicates that different types
of social support are essential for this group of patients. Therefore, state authorities
should pay special attention to the social welfare of this group of patients.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
IntroductionPeople living with HIV are at risk to develop depression, anxiety, and stress. During the pandemic, their access to medical and social care has decreased. Baseline beliefs affect the ...experience of mental trauma.ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and assess the baseline beliefs among people living with HIV. In addition, the relationship of emotional reactions to baseline beliefs was analysed.MethodsData were collected from February 28 to July 11, 2021, using a Google form that we developed. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. The DASS-21 was used to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels, and the WAS-37 was used to examine baseline beliefs. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.ResultsWe found that 64 % of the respondents had no symptoms of depression, 61 % of patients reported no anxiety, and 71 % had no stress. Mean values on the scales of “Benevolence in the World” (M = 30.4±7.1) and “Justice” (M = 20.5±4.6) were below the mean normative values for the Russian population. In contrast, the scales of “Self-Image” (M = 30.1±5.4), “Luck” (M = 29.5±7.3), and “Controlling beliefs” (M = 27.1±4.4) were above the mean. Depression was associated with all types of baseline beliefs, anxiety was associated only with benevolence in the world (rxy = -0.309, p < 0.05), and stress was associated with benevolence (rxy = -0.281, p < 0.05) and luck (rxy = -0.258, p < 0.05).ConclusionsDuring the COVID-19, beliefs about the world’s benevolence are associated with emotional well-being among people living with HIV.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Introduction
The new coronavirus pandemic has brought the issue of life quality to the forefront. Among HIV-infected patients, life quality may be associated with fear of death.
Objectives
The study ...aimed to investigate the life quality and death fear among HIV-infected patients during the pandemic second wave in Russia.
Methods
The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form that we developed. Fifty-nine patients living with HIV participated in the study. We used the WHOQOL-BREF to examine the quality of life and the Fear of Personal Death Scale to explore fear of death. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.
Results
We found the following mean values for the domains: “physical and psychological well-being” — M = 21.39±3.61; “self-perception” — M = 17.51±2.28; “microsocial support” — M = 9.15±2.94; “social well-being” — M = 24.81±5.33. We found that physical and psychological well-being were associated with the transcendental consequences of death (r
xy
= 0.274, p < 0.05), self-perception with body consequences (r
xy
= -0.304, p < 0.05) and fear of forgetting (r
xy
= -0.287, p < 0.05), and social well-being with body consequences (r
xy
= -0.310, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Life quality is related to intrapersonal, interpersonal, and supra-personal dimensions of death fear during the second wave of the pandemic among patients living with HIV. Such fact may indicate possible psychotherapeutic targets when working with this group of patients.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Introduction
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to adapt to rapidly changing external conditions has increased dramatically. Predictors of successful adaptation can be the degree of development ...of individual self-regulation and its profile. The emotional state depends on successful adaptation.
Objectives
The study aimed to examine the individual self-regulation of behaviour and emotional reactions among patients living with HIV in Russia.
Methods
The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form developed by us. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. To diagnose the development of individual self-regulation and its profile, we used the Self-Regulation Style Questionnaire, to study depression, anxiety, and stress — DASS-21 adapted for use in Russia.
Results
We found that 10 % of respondents had a low overall level of self-regulation, 53 % had an average level, and 37 % had a high level. The average individual profile was as follows: predominance of planning (M = 6.24±1.90) over modelling (M = 5.69±1.90), programming (M = 5.93±1.66), and evaluating results (M = 5.78±1.60), which were approximately at the same level. Flexibility (M = 6.58±1.90) and autonomy (M = 5.56±2.08) scores were in the average normal range. Only two correlations were found: modelling was negatively associated with depression (r
xy
= -0.336, p < 0.01) and anxiety (r
xy
= -0.275, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Awareness and adequacy of perceptions of changes in external and internal significant conditions contribute to a favourable emotional status among people living with HIV.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Introduction The pandemic is an undeniably stressful factor on a planetary scale. Life meaning, specific meaning-life orientations, and aspects of locus of control mediate one’s relationship to one’s ...life circumstances. Thus, the noetic part of human existence can relate to the perception of the pandemic. Objectives The study aimed to examine the relationship between life-meaning orientations and nonspecific emotional reactions in HIV-infected patients during the second wave of the pandemic. Methods The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form we developed. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. We used the Purpose-in-Life Test to examine life-meaning orientations and the DASS-21 to diagnose depression, anxiety, and stress. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia. Results We obtained the following mean values on the PiLT scales: “general index of life meaningfulness” — M = 94.39±19.71; “goals in life” — M = 30.80±7.75; “life process” — M = 26.93±6.66; “life performance” — M = 23.69±6.66; “locus of control — Me” — M = 19. 61±5.05; “locus of control — life” — M = 25.90±7.43. All PiLT scales had statistically significant negative correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress, except “life process,” which was not associated with anxiety (rxy = -0.215, p > 0.05). Conclusions In the COVID-19 pandemic, life meaningfulness, ability to manage life, and freedom of choice may be considered as predictors of emotional well-being among patients living with HIV. The method of the existential psychotherapy can be effective apply among this group of patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
