Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) allows one to study functional connectivity in the brain by acquiring fMRI data while subjects lie inactive in the MRI scanner, and taking ...advantage of the fact that functionally related brain regions spontaneously co-activate. rfMRI is one of the two primary data modalities being acquired for the Human Connectome Project (the other being diffusion MRI). A key objective is to generate a detailed in vivo mapping of functional connectivity in a large cohort of healthy adults (over 1000 subjects), and to make these datasets freely available for use by the neuroimaging community. In each subject we acquire a total of 1h of whole-brain rfMRI data at 3T, with a spatial resolution of 2×2×2mm and a temporal resolution of 0.7s, capitalizing on recent developments in slice-accelerated echo-planar imaging. We will also scan a subset of the cohort at higher field strength and resolution. In this paper we outline the work behind, and rationale for, decisions taken regarding the rfMRI data acquisition protocol and pre-processing pipelines, and present some initial results showing data quality and example functional connectivity analyses.
•The Human Connectome Project is mapping brain connectivity in vivo in detail.•Resting-state fMRI (rfMRI) is a major modality in the Human Connectome Project.•We describe rfMRI acquisition and analysis protocols for the HCP.
We report the observation of noncentrosymmetricity in the family of HRTiO4 (R = Eu, Gd, Dy) layered oxides possessing a Ruddlesden–Popper derivative structure, by second harmonic generation and ...synchrotron X-ray diffraction with the support of density functional theory calculations. These oxides were previously thought to possess inversion symmetry. Here, inversion symmetry is lifted by rotations of the oxygen-coordinated octahedra, a mechanism that is not active in simple perovskites. We observe a competition between rotations of the oxygen octahedra and sliding of a combined unit of perovskite–rocksalt–perovskite blocks at the proton layers. For the smaller rare earth ions, R = Eu, Gd, and Dy, which favor the octahedral rotations, noncentrosymmetricity is present but the sliding is absent. For the larger rare earth ions, R = Nd and Sm, the octahedral rotations are absent, but the sliding at the proton layers is present to optimize the length and direction of hydrogen bonding in the crystal structure. The study reveals a new mechanism for inducing noncentrosymmetricity in layered oxides, and chemical–structural effects related to rare earth ion size and hydrogen bonding that can turn this mechanism on and off. We construct a phase diagram of temperature versus rare earth ionic radius for the HRTiO4 family.
New Horizons in Geometry represents the fruits of 15 years of work in geometry by a remarkable team of prize-winning authors-Tom Apostol and Mamikon Mnatsakanian. It serves as a capstone to an ...amazing collaboration. Apostol and Mamikon provide fresh and powerful insights into geometry that requires only a modest background in mathematics. Using new and intuitively rich methods, they give beautifully illustrated proofs of results, the majority of which are new, and frequently develop extensions of familiar theorems that are often surprising and sometimes astounding. It is mathematical exposition of the highest order. The hundreds of full color illustrations by Mamikon are visually enticing and provide great motivation to read further and savor the wonderful results. Lengths, areas, and volumes of curves, surfaces, and solids are explored from a visually captivating perspective. It is an understatement to say that Apostol and Mamikon have breathed new life into geometry.
Résumé
L’objectif de cette étude est de décrire l’épidémiologie, la clinique, la prise en charge et les facteurs de risque de décès actuels dus au tétanos au Vietnam à partir d’une étude ...rétrospective des 389 cas reçus en 2007-2008 à l’Hôpital des maladies tropicales de Hô-Chi-Minh-Ville. 93 % des cas de tétanos étaient généralisés et 50 % étaient sévères. Les hommes adultes (âge moyen 43 ans, sex-ratio 2,9) étaient les plus touchés. La moitié des patients ont été trachéotomisés et 39 % ventilés artificiellement. Le taux de létalité de 6,4 % est le plus bas publié dans le monde ces 10 dernières années. Les décès étaient dus au choc cardiogénique (28 % des décès) OR = 16,95; p < 0,001, au sepsis (24 %) OR = 3,25; (p < 0,114 et à l’insuffisance rénale aiguë (16 %) OR = 7,22; p < 0,004. L’âge > 60 ans OR = 4,53; p < 0,0001 et une leucocytose > 12 000/mm
3
OR = 2,32; p < 0,020 étaient significativement associés au décès, contrairement aux classiques durées d’incubation et d’invasion et au délai de mise en route de la sérothérapie. L’extension systématique de la vaccination aux hommes adultes et l’accès à la séro-vaccination post-exposition à tous les niveaux de centres de soins devraient permettre de réduire encore davantage le fardeau du tétanos au Vietnam.
Black holes are one of the most remarkable predictions of Einstein's general relativity. In recent years, ideas in brane-world cosmology, string theory and gauge/gravity duality have motivated ...studies of black holes in more than four dimensions, with surprising results. In higher dimensions, black holes exist with exotic shapes and unusual dynamics. Edited by leading expert Gary Horowitz, this exciting book is the first devoted to this new field. The major discoveries are explained by the people who made them: Rob Myers describes the Myers–Perry solutions that represent rotating black holes in higher dimensions; Ruth Gregory describes the Gregory–Laflamme instability of black strings; and Juan Maldacena introduces gauge/gravity duality, the remarkable correspondence that relates a gravitational theory to nongravitational physics. Accessible to anyone with a standard course in general relativity, this is an important resource for graduate students and researchers in general relativity, string theory and high energy physics.
3-D seismic data have become the key tool used in the petroleum industry to understand the subsurface. In addition to providing excellent structural images, the dense sampling of a 3-D survey makes ...it possible to map reservoir quality and the distribution of oil and gas. Topics covered in this book include basic structural interpretation and map-making; the use of 3-D visualisation methods; interpretation of seismic amplitudes, including their relation to rock and fluid properties; and the generation and use of AVO and acoustic impedance datasets. This new paperback edition includes an extra appendix presenting new material on novel acquisition design, pore pressure prediction from seismic velocity, elastic impedance inversion, and time lapse seismics. Written by professional geophysicists with many years' experience in the oil industry, the book is indispensable for geoscientists using 3-D seismic data, including graduate students and new entrants into the petroleum industry.
Zusammenfassung
1. Eine Patientenverfügung, in der politisch motivierte Erklärungen von einer Website übernommen werden, die sich generell gegen psychiatrische Behandlungen richtet, kann – trotz ...ausdrücklicher Untersagung “jeder Zwangsbehandlung egal mit welchen als Medikament bezeichneten Stoffen” – dahingehend auszulegen sein, dass rein somatische Behandlungen davon nicht erfasst werden sollten.
2. Unabhängig davon, ob eine Patientenverfügung im Übrigen auf die aktuelle Lebens- und Behandlungssituation zutrifft, ist sie nicht zur Verweigerung einer medikamentösen Maßnahme geeignet, die zulässigerweise zum Schutz Dritter erfolgt. Dem Umstand, dass das niedersächsische PsychKG in Bezug auf die Patientenverfügung keinen Unterschied zwischen einer Eigen- und einer Fremdgefahr macht, liegt keine bewusste gesetzgeberische Entscheidung zugrunde. (Leitsätze des Bearbeiters)
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