In this paper, we study cyclic codes over a finite non-chain ring
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Toll-Like receptors (TLRs) are the primary receptors of innate immunity. Considerable evidences have shown that innate immune defence interaction with pro-inflammatory pathways could be through TLRs ...that in turn leads to development of inflammatory diseases. These TLRs are present on various tissues and cells of cardiovascular system. Previous studies involving SNPs analysis of TLRs demonstrated that TLRs are involved in development and progression of diseases like atherosclerosis, cardiac dysfunction in sepsis and congestive heart failure.
In this review, we aimed to bring together the studies which have been conducted previously to establish a link between TLR polymorphism in context to development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
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The contamination of water due to present of dyes, poses serious health problems. Therefore, treatment of contaminated water is necessary to resolve this problem. A tailored co-precipitation ...technique has been successfully used to prepare Fe3O4-multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)-Bentonite nanocomposite. The methylene blue present in aqueous solutions was removed using synthesized nanocomposite as adsorbent. The synthesized novel nanocomposite was analyzed by various characterization techniques. The scanning electron microscope analysis shows that Bentonite and Fe3O4 nanoparticles are well decorated with the MWCNTs matrix. The nanocomposite exhibited a high BET surface area of 204.01 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.367 cm3/g. The BJH adsorption average pore diameter was analyzed to be 7.2 nm. Moreover, the adsorption model was in agreement with the Redlich-Peterson model with adsorption capacity of 48.2 mg/g with a high nonlinear regression coefficient (R2 = 0.985) and a low chi-square value (χ2 = 6.18). Kinetics data were described well by pseudo-first-order and pseudo second order, models with a high non-linear regression coefficient (R2 = 0.993). Adsorption of MB dye was determined to be a non-spontaneous and endothermic process since the values of ΔG, and ΔH were positive, and the entropy value was negative. Thus, the synthesized nanocomposite established itself as a promising candidate for the water treatment process.
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•Fe3O4-MWCNT-Bentonite nanocomposite for Removal of Methylene Blue.•The nanocomposite observed a porosity ratio of 0.365 cm3/g and a BET density of 204.0 m2/g.•Nanocomposite adsorption is remarkable, with a 48.2 mg/g capacity.•SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS were used to determine the nanocomposite's morphology, phase.
Iron oxide nanoparticles with particle size 10–30 nm were prepared by a green approach using tannic acid as reducing and capping agent. These nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffractometry ...(XRD), high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared iron oxide nanoparticles were also evaluated for their antifungal activity against Trichothecium roseum, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus niger. The antifungal activity was observed as inhibition in spore germination and by determining the zone of inhibition of fungal pathogens caused by different concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles on culture media. It was observed from the present study that Fe2O3 nanoparticles showed significant antimycotic activity against all the tested fungal pathogens. Highest inhibition in spore germination was caused against T. roseum (87.74%) followed by C. herbarum (84.89%). The highest zone of inhibition by iron oxide nanoparticles was reported against P. chrysogenum (28.67 mm) followed by A. niger (26.33 mm), T. roseum (22.67 mm), A. alternata (21.33 mm) and least against C. herbarum (18.00 mm). Activity index was recorded highest against P. chrysogenum (0.81). The MIC value of Fe2O3 NP varies between 0.063 and 0.016 mg/ml for different fungal pathogens that is comparable with the MIC value shown by the standard, revealing the efficacy of iron oxide NP's against different fungal pathogens.
•Iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a green approach using tannic acid in alkaline medium.•Iron oxide NP's fabricated were crystalline, free from impurities, stable, and possess promising antifungal activities.•The prepared iron oxide NP's were found most effective against Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger.
We investigated the effects of exogenous application of jasmonic acid (JA) and nitric oxide (NO) on growth, antioxidant metabolism, physio-biochemical attributes and metabolite accumulation, in ...tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants exposed to salt stress. Treating the plants with NaCl (200 mM) resulted in considerable growth inhibition in terms of biomass, relative water content, and chlorophyll content, all of which were significantly improved upon application of JA and NO under both normal and NaCl-stress treatments. Salt treatment particularly 200 mM NaCl caused an apparent increase in electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide production, which were reduced by exogenous application of JA and NO. Salt treatment triggered the induction of antioxidant system by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR). Application of JA and NO separately as well as in combination caused a significant improvement in activities of SOD, CAT, APX, and GR activities. JA and NO either applied individually or in combination boosted the flavonoid, proline and glycine betaine synthesis under NaCl treatments. In conclusion, the exogenous application of JA and NO protected tomato plants from NaCl-induced damage by up-regulating the antioxidant metabolism, osmolyte synthesis, and metabolite accumulation.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine consumer behavior toward halal food purchase in Bangladesh. Specifically, how do individual beliefs about trustworthiness of the halal food products ...affect individual intentions to purchases and actual purchasing behavior?
Design/methodology/approach
To answer this question, a theoretical framework using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as its basis was established. Using measurement scales created to assess different aspects of trustworthiness, and perceived behavioral control and subjective norms, a survey instrument was developed to test the various relationships implied by TPB. Data were collected from the households located in the metropolitan city of Dhaka during the months of November and December 2017, and the analysis of this data helps answer questions about the different relationships of the constructs of the study.
Findings
The findings of the study revealed that four factors, namely, trustworthiness, attitude, normative structure and self-efficacy, significantly influence halal food purchasing. The results also demonstrated that trustworthiness of halal food is one of the most important variables of food marketing in Bangladesh.
Research limitations/implications
In reality, there is a serious lacking of halal food marketing particularly in Bangladesh. In this respect, this study can be a pioneer one and may have some limitations in terms of research procedures.
Practical implications
It is crucial for the halal food marketing and its management organizations to provide their products and services in Islamic way, because it is different from the conventional way of modern marketing.
Social implications
This result specifically implies that like normative structure and self-efficacy, trust in the authenticity of halal food is particularly important to influence attitude toward halal food purchase in Bangladesh.
Originality/value
This study is perhaps the first study in the context of Bangladesh food market that deals with the halal food purchase behavior of the consumers. In this regard, the findings of the study are important in Islamic marketing and halal food marketing.
Abstract Steatotic liver grafts represent the most common type of “extended criteria” organs that have been introduced during the last two decades due to the disparity between liver transplant ...candidates and the number available organs. A precise definition and reliable and reproducible method for steatosis quantification is currently lacking and the potential influence of the chemical composition of hepatic lipids has not been addressed. In our view, these shortcomings appear to contribute significantly to the inconsistent results of studies reporting on graft steatosis and the outcome of liver transplantation. In this review, various definitions, prevalence and methods of quantification of liver steatosis will be covered. Ischemia/reperfusion injury of the steatotic liver and its consequences on post-transplant outcome will be discussed. Selection criteria for organ allocation and a number of emerging protective strategies are suggested.
Oxygen-compromised environments, such as high altitude, air travel, and sports, and pathological conditions, such as solid tumors, have been suggested to be prothrombotic. Despite the indispensable ...role of platelets in thrombus formation, the studies linking hypoxia, platelet reactivity, and thrombus formation are limited. In the present study, platelet proteome/reactivity was analyzed to elucidate the acute hypoxia-induced prothrombotic phenotype. Rats exposed to acute simulated hypoxia (282 torr/8% oxygen) demonstrated a decreased bleeding propensity and increased platelet reactivity. Proteomic analysis of hypoxic platelets revealed 27 differentially expressed proteins, including those involved in coagulation. Among these proteins, calpain small subunit 1, a 28-kDa regulatory component for calpain function, was significantly upregulated under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, intraplatelet Ca2+ level and platelet calpain activity were also found to be in accordance with calpain small subunit 1 expression. The inhibition of calpain activity demonstrated reversal of hypoxia-induced platelet hyperreactivity. The prothrombotic role for calpain was further confirmed by an in vivo model of hypoxia-induced thrombosis. Interestingly, patients who developed thrombosis while at extreme altitude had elevated plasma calpain activities and increased soluble P-selectin level. In summary, this study suggests that augmented calpain activity is associated with increased incidence of thrombosis under hypoxic environments.
•Hypoxia induces altered platelet proteome/reactivity, which correlates with a prothrombotic phenotype.•CAPNS1-dependent calpain activity in platelet activation cascade is associated with hypoxia-induced thrombogenesis.
DNA fingerprinting, a gold standard, is one of the most powerful tool in applied sciences especially helpful in criminal investigation. Entering in advanced era of forensic DNA, profile reading is ...much trickier than ever. An unusual DNA profile was observed from a nail swab of female brutally murdered in a domestic violence case. At first, DNA profile was misconstrued as heterozygote at locus D7S820 but later, it was confirmed as homozygous from other evidence items submitted in the same case. Subsequent reprocessing of the same sample, from the extraction stage through to DNA profiling and DNA profile form victim’s blood, conclusively established that the unusual peak is from a non-specific microbial presence at that locus.
•Evidence samples from open field crime scenes must be collected carefully for DNA downstream process.•Profiles exhibiting apparently singular origins, yet displaying two equally prominent peaks, can occasionally be misconstrued as heterozygotes.•A peer-reviewed examination of the STR profile, encompassing a comprehensive review of the entire process from its initiation, is essential to validate a singular locus discrepancy.
The conversion of methanol to propylene is a value-added process and has gained extreme significance because of high demand for propylene in the production of petrochemicals. The demand for propylene ...is increasing due to increasing usage of polypropylene. During the last two decades, propylene demand growth has far overtaken ethylene demand growth and it is predicted to be more than double in the next 20 years. The Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics has been working for the last three decades in the R&D of the methanol to olefins reaction and have developed MTP technology. The catalytic materials used in methanol to propylene conversion include SAPO-34 (small-pore molecular sieves), ZSM-5 (medium-pore zeolites) and its modified forms. Limited research has also been done using large pore zeolites such as mordenite and beta. High-silica EU-1 zeolite has been found as an efficient catalyst for MTP conversion. The use of SAPO-18, ZSM-23 and CON-type zeolite for MTP reaction has also been discussed. Methanol to propylene research has been carried using structured catalysts including ceramic based honeycomb or monolith and silicon carbide foam. The major difference in process design between SAPO-34 and H-ZSM-5 is that the SAPO-34 is used in fluidized bed process while H-ZSM-5 catalyst is used in fixed bed process. SAPO-34 is a selective catalyst for olefins but deactivates fast and thus requires frequent regeneration. The H-ZSM-5 is less selective for olefins but shows less deactivation and thus quite stable. A number of structured supports such as monolith, foam, and mesh have been researched for coating with the active zeolite based catalysts. The structured catalysts have the advantage to reduce the diffusional limitations of pellet catalyst system and have exhibited excellent results in terms of activity and selectivity for olefins as well as in reducing aromatics formation. The results obtained in our research using zeolite coated structured catalysts have shown significant increase in propylene selectivity. The significant findings of our work has been published and patented with US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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