RESUMO Mudanças nas políticas de desenvolvimento e na inserção externa do país são analisadas. Partindo da crise dos anos 1980 e do primeiro ciclo neoliberal, seu fracasso e a mudança de trajetória ...na gestão do Partido dos Trabalhadores, o trabalho prossegue discutindo o “neodesenvolvimentismo” petista, sua política econômica e tentativa de mudar a modalidade de adesão do país ao regime internacional. A crise iniciada em 2014 e que culminou no golpe de 2016 e no retorno do neoliberalismo vêm na sequência. Também fazem parte da análise o papel dos interesses de classe e a correlação de forças sociais em transformação na definição das escolhas entre “neodesenvolvimentismo” e neoliberalismo.
ABSTRACT Changes in the development policies and the international insertion are analyzed. Starting from 1980s crisis and the first neoliberal cycle, its failure and political change by Workers Party administration, the work goes on examining PT’s “neodevelopmentalism” and its aim on changing the country’s role in the international regime. Economic crisis begun in 2014 and proceeded in the coup of 2016 and the return of neoliberalism. The analysis goes on dealing with changing class interests and social forces balance of power making the choice on “neodevelopmentalism” and neoliberalism.
Tomando a pesquisa em Educação como objeto de análise, tem-se debruçado sobre a preocupação com os elementos da pesquisa científica, dentre eles, o tema de pesquisa. Nesse sentido, elencam-se como ...problemática as temáticas referentes à pesquisa em Educação apresentadas aos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação, na região Nordeste. A partir do problema proposto, o objetivo é verificar os temas abordados em teses defendidas na área da Educação, no intuito de identificar a produção de conhecimento na área nos últimos anos. Metodologicamente, a empiria nesta pesquisa consiste nos resumos das teses defendidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação nas universidades públicas da região Nordeste em 2020, 2021 e 2022. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratório- -bibliográfica e descritivo-sistemática em sua análise, que apresenta resultados que destacam a existência de um conjunto consistente de temas abordados e, ao mesmo tempo, a presença de tantos outros temas externos à área da Educação.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a human pathogen with a broad range of animal hosts. Initially, E. bieneusi was considered an emerging opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised, mainly HIV-infected ...patients, but it has been increasingly reported in apparently healthy individuals globally. As in other African countries, the molecular epidemiology of E. bieneusi in Mozambique remains completely unknown. Therefore, we undertook a study to investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of E. bieneusi infections in children with gastrointestinal symptoms as well as in asymptomatic children in Mozambique. Individual stool specimens were collected from 1,247 children aged between 0 and 14 years-old living in urban and rural settings in Zambézia (n = 1,097) and Maputo (n = 150) provinces between 2016 and 2019. Samples were analysed for E. bieneusi by nested-PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene. All positive amplicons were confirmed and genotyped. Penalised logistic regression (Firth) was used to evaluate risk associations. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in this children population was 0.7% (9/1,247). A 10-fold higher prevalence was found in Maputo (4.0%; 6/150) than in Zambézia (0.3%; 3/1,097). All E. bieneusi-positive samples were from children older than 1-year of age, and most (8/9) from asymptomatic children. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the ITS region revealed the presence of four genotypes, three previously reported (Peru11, n = 1; Type IV, n = 2, and S2, n = 2) and a novel genotype (named HhMzEb1, n = 4). Novel genotype HhMzEb1 was identified in both asymptomatic (75%, 3/4) and symptomatic (25%, 1/4) children from a rural area in Maputo province in southern Mozambique. Genotypes HhMzEb1, Peru11, S2, and Type IV belonged to the Group 1 that includes genotypes with low host specificity and the potential for zoonotic and cross-species transmission. Being infected by enteric protozoan parasites and no handwashing were identified as risk associations for E. bieneusi infection. This study reports the first investigation of E. bieneusi genotypes in Mozambique with the identification of three previously reported genotypes in humans as well as a novel genotype (HhMzEb1). Findings highlight the need to conduct additional research to elucidate the epidemiology of E. bieneusi in the country, especially in rural areas where poor hygiene conditions still prevail. Special attention should be paid to the identification of suitable animal and environmental reservoirs of this parasite and to the characterization of transmission pathways.
Objectives The ORBIT II (Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of OAS in Treating Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions) trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of the coronary Orbital Atherectomy System ...(OAS) to prepare de novo, severely calcified coronary lesions for stent placement. Background Despite advances in interventional techniques, treatment of calcified coronary lesions remains a challenge. Stent placement in these lesions may result in stent underexpansion, malapposition, and procedural complications. Methods ORBIT II is a prospective, multicenter, nonblinded clinical trial that enrolled 443 consecutive patients with severely calcified coronary lesions at 49 U.S. sites from May 25, 2010, to November 26, 2012. Investigators used the centrifugal action of the OAS diamond-coated crown to modify calcified lesions prior to stent placement. Results The pre-procedure mean minimal lumen diameter of 0.5 mm increased to 2.9 mm after the procedure. The primary safety endpoint was 89.6% freedom from 30-day major adverse cardiac events compared with the performance goal of 83%. The primary efficacy endpoint (residual stenosis <50% post-stent without in-hospital major adverse cardiac events) was 88.9% compared with the performance goal of 82%. Stent delivery occurred successfully in 97.7% of cases with <50% stenosis in 98.6% of subjects. Low rates of in-hospital Q-wave myocardial infarction (0.7%), cardiac death (0.2%), and target vessel revascularization (0.7%) were reported. Conclusions The ORBIT II coronary OAS trial met both the primary safety and efficacy endpoints by significant margins. Preparation of severely calcified plaque with the OAS not only helped facilitate stent delivery, but improved both acute and 30-day clinical outcomes compared with the outcomes of historic control subjects in this difficult-to-treat patient population. (Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of OAS in Treating Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions ORBIT II; NCT01092416 )
El enjambre de diques básicos de Nico Pérez-Zapicán intruye al basamento paleoproterozoico del cratón del Río de la Plata en las cercanías de las localidades homónimas, departamento de Lavalleja, ...Uruguay. A partir de la identificación y el mapeo de detalle de la ubicación de los distintos diques, su descripción petrográfica, y de los estudios geocronológicos, paleomagnéticos y de magnetofábrica realizados en la unidad, se pudo caracterizar de manera más acotada su geología y su contexto temporal. Los diques presentaron una remanencia magnética estable, considerada primaria, que permitió calcular el polo paleomagnético del enjambre de diques básicos de Nico Pérez, el cual se ubica en 87ºS; 197,3ºE (A95=10,2º, n=8, k=30), y es consistente con la posición de otros polos de referencia de América del Sur entre el Jurásico Medio y el Jurásico Superior. La petrofábrica, caracterizada mediante un estudio de anisotropía de susceptibilidad magnética, resultó ser de origen magmático, encontrándose fábricas normales e inversas. La elevada inclinación observada en la lineación magnética sugiere que el flujo magmático en los diques fue subvertical al momento de la intrusión. El estudio geocronológico basado en una datación por el método 39Ar/40Ar sobre plagioclasa arrojó una edad de 157,6±3,0 Ma para la intrusión de los diques. En función de las evidencias geocronológicas, petrográficas y paleomagnéticas expuestas en este trabajo, se postula que el evento que dio lugar a la intrusión del enjambre de diques básicos de Nico Pérez-Zapicán ocurrió en el Mesozoico, probablemente asociado a los primeros esfuerzos distensivos que culminaron con la apertura del océano Atlántico Sur.
► The effect of HPH on the rheological properties of tomato juice was evaluated. ► The HPH reduced the mean particle diameter and the particles size distribution (PSD). ► The HPH increased tomato ...juice consistency and improved its thixotropy. ► The effect of homogenization pressure was then modelled.
High pressure homogenization (HPH) is a non-thermal technology that has been widely studied as a partial or total substitute for the thermal processing of food. Although microbial inactivation has been widely studied, there are only a few works in the literature reporting the physicochemical changes caused in fruit products due to HPH, especially those regarding the rheological properties. The present work evaluated the effect of HPH (up to 150MPa) on the time-dependent and steady-state shear rheological properties of tomato juice. HPH reduced the mean particle diameter and particle size distribution (PSD), and increased its consistency and thixotropy. The rheological results were in accordance with the PSD observed. The rheological properties of the juice were evaluated by the Herschel–Bulkley and Falguera–Ibarz models (steady-state shear) and Figoni–Shoemaker and Weltman models (time-dependent). The parameters of these equations were modelled as a function of the homogenization pressure. The models obtained described the experimental values well, and contributed to future studies on product and process development.
Among the controversies about existing formulations of PTSD are concerns about its overuse in populations exposed to natural or man-made disasters.7,8 One problem has been the application of the ...diagnosis when populations are still being actively exposed to extreme stressors--eg, continuing conflict, uprooting to unsafe locations, or earthquake aftershocks--which makes differentiation between PTSD, adaptive fear reactions, and grief difficult, especially when the definition of PTSD includes non-specific symptoms. ...there is a concern that an overemphasis on PTSD could contribute to clinicians failing to recognise other commonly occurring mental disorders, especially depression.11 Nonetheless, the appropriate use of a clearly defined PTSD category is one aspect of progress in evidence-based mental health care in humanitarian settings.12 The Working Group has recommended a refocus on the diagnosis of PTSD on three core elements, and removal of non-specific symptoms that are also part of other disorders.13,14 The proposed diagnostic guidelines need re-experiencing of the traumatic event, in which the event is not only remembered but experienced as occurring again; avoidance of reminders likely to produce re-experiencing of the traumatic event(s); and a perception of heightened current threat, as indicated by various forms of arousal.15 These elements must have developed after exposure to an event of an extremely threatening or horrific nature, but the diagnosis is mainly based on symptom presentation rather than on determination of whether or not the event constitutes an eligible traumatic stressor. According to the DSM-5 proposal, PTSD is operationalised by 20 symptoms grouped into four clusters, yielding more than 10 000 combinations of symptoms by which a person can meet the minimum criteria for PTSD.
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