Une surrénale gauche gonflée à l’hélium ? Bertoin, F., Dr; Somers, F., Dr; Bernhard, J., Dr
Annales d'endocrinologie,
September 2015, Volume:
76, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Introduction L’incidentalome surrénalien est un motif fréquent de consultation en endocrinologie. Le plus souvent unilatéral, les étiologies sont multiples, dominées par l’adénome corticosurrénalien ...non sécrétant. Nous rappelons en images le piège d’une lésion extra-surrénalienne : le diverticule gastrique qui doit être connu, outre des radiologues, par les endocrinologues. Observation Madame D, 58 ans, diabétique de type 2 et hypertendue est adressée suite à la découverte, sur un scanner abdominal injecté d’emblée, d’une masse dite « surrénalienne » gauche, solide, de 23 mm de grand axe. Le bilan hormonal à la recherche d’une hypersécrétion revient normal. Le contrôle scannographique, réalisé à 6 mois, sans et avec injection iodée, décrit un nodule stable en taille, partiellement kystisé, laissant apparaître en son sein un atypique niveau hydro-aérique, remettant en doute sa nature surrénalienne. Un processus infectieux intra-surrénalien est par ailleurs écarté devant l’absence de fièvre ou de syndrome inflammatoire. Une origine digestive est évoquée. Le diagnostic est confirmé par la réalisation d’un transit œso-gastro-duodénal qui montre une volumineuse image d’addition à la face postérieure du fundus, de 23 × 14 mm, avec un collet de 3 mm, en faveur d’un diverticule gastrique. De nouvelles coupes scannographiques révèleront la surrénale gauche, d’aspect normal et mal identifiée auparavant. Conclusion Les diverticules gastriques sont rares, le plus souvent congénitaux, sous-cardiaux et rétropéritonéaux, situés entre la rate, la surrénale gauche et le pilier gauche du diaphragme. La mise en évidence radiologique d’une communication avec l’estomac permet facilement de rectifier le diagnostic erroné d’incidentalome surrénalien.
Two-dimensional triphenylene-based metal–organic frameworks (TP-MOFs) attract significant scientific interest due to their long-range order combined with significant electrical conductivity. The ...deposition of these structures as oriented films is expected to promote their incorporation into diverse optoelectronic devices. However, to date, a controlled deposition strategy applicable for the different members of this MOF family has not been reported yet. Herein, we present the synthesis of highly oriented thin films of TP-MOFs by vapor-assisted conversion (VAC). We targeted the M-CAT-1 series comprising hexahydroxytriphenylene organic ligands and metal-ions such as Ni2+, Co2+, and Cu2+. These planar organic building blocks are connected in-plane to the metal-ions through a square planar node forming extended sheets which undergo self-organization into defined stacks. Highly oriented thin Ni- and Co-CAT-1 films grown on gold substrates feature a high surface coverage with a uniform film topography and thickness ranging from 180 to 200 nm. The inclusion of acid modulators in the synthesis enabled the growth of films with a preferred orientation on quartz and on conductive substrates such as indium-doped tin oxide (ITO). The van der Pauw measurements performed across the M-CAT-1 films revealed high electrical conductivity values of up to 10–3 S cm–1 for both the Ni- and Co-CAT-1 films. Films grown on quartz allowed for a detailed photophysical characterization by means of UV–vis, photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopy. The latter revealed the existence of excited states on a nanosecond time scale, sufficiently long to demonstrate a photoinduced charge generation and extraction in Ni-CAT-1 films. This was achieved by fabricating a basic photovoltaic device with an ITO/Ni-CAT-1/Al architecture, thus establishing this MOF as a photoactive material. Our results point to the intriguing capabilities of these conductive M-CAT-1 materials and an additional scope of applications as photoabsorbers enabled through VAC thin-film synthesis.
The introduction of renewable energy sources fosters the transformation to an energy system with distributed generation. This alters the relation between consumers and power generation sites, as ...generation and consumption spatially converge. It allows for new configurations within the energy sector and provides opportunities for marketing regional energy. We empirically investigate consumer preferences for electricity generation in proximity to end-users, focusing on the proximity of generation and providers, and present representative data for Germany. In a discrete choice experiment, a sample of 780 consumer households and 173 adopters of a renewable energy system (prosumers) chose from a range of different electricity tariffs. We estimate the willingness to pay for the following attributes: shares of regional generation, power providers, and electricity mixes. We find evidence in favor of regional production, but in spite of positive attitudes towards local generation from renewable sources, willingness to pay is not responsive to higher shares of regional generation. In addition, a preference for regional providers exists. The results show that renewable energy mixes are preferred, particularly a solar and hydro mix. Adopters state slightly more distinct preferences as compared to consumer households. Thus, we find there is potential for business models offering regionally generated electricity.
•We investigate preferences for energy generation in proximity to end users.•We analyze representative data from a choice experiment conducted in Germany.•Preferences exist for regionally generated electricity from renewable sources.•Consumers prefer providers with regional ties and renewable electricity mixes.•We discuss the implications for regional energy concepts and labeling schemes.
All aqueous multiphase systems have attracted significant attention recently, in particular water-in-water Pickering emulsions. In here, polydopamine nanoparticles (PDP) are investigated as ...stabilizers for dextran and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based aqueous emulsions. Remarkably, stable emulsions are obtained from the all-biocompatible materials that can be broken either via dilution or surfactant addition. Further cross-linking of PDP via poly(acrylic acid) and carbodiimide strengthens the stability of emulsion droplets in a colloidosome-like structure. After cross-linking, demulsification via dilution or surfactant addition was largely hindered. The PDP-mediated formation of all aqueous emulsions is expected to be generalized to different types of water-in-water emulsions with other polymers and offers new opportunities in surface modification as well as microencapsulation.
Abstract Background The activity of enzalutamide after prior treatment with both abiraterone acetate (abiraterone) and docetaxel has been examined in several retrospective studies. However, limited ...data are available on the efficacy of enzalutamide following abiraterone in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Objective To compare the activity of enzalutamide after abiraterone in docetaxel-experienced and docetaxel-naive mCRPC patients. Design, setting, and participants The British Columbia Cancer Agency Cancer Registry was searched for mCRPC patients who received enzalutamide after prior abiraterone. Clinicopathologic characteristics, confirmed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rates (PSA decline ≥50% confirmed ≥3 wk later), and survival data were collected. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Outcomes on enzalutamide were compared between docetaxel-experienced and docetaxel-naive patients using chi-square for PSA response and log-rank test for time to PSA progression and overall survival (OS). Univariate analysis was performed to identify variables associated with confirmed PSA response on enzalutamide, using either chi-square for categorical variables or logistic regression for continuous variables. Results and limitations A total of 115 patients received enzalutamide after abiraterone: 68 had received prior docetaxel and 47 were docetaxel naive. Median time on enzalutamide was 4.1 mo. Confirmed PSA response rates (22% vs 26%; p = 0.8), median time to radiologic/clinical progression (4.6 mo vs 6.6 mo; p = 0.6), and median OS (10.6 mo vs 8.6 mo; p = 0.2) did not differ significantly between docetaxel-experienced and docetaxel-naive patients. No clinical variables (including prior response to abiraterone) were found to associate significantly with confirmed PSA response to enzalutamide. Conclusions Antitumour activity of enzalutamide following abiraterone was limited in mCRPC patients irrespective of prior docetaxel use. Identifying clinical and molecular factors predictive of response to enzalutamide remains a high priority for future research. Patient summary We looked at the effectiveness of enzalutamide after abiraterone acetate for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. We found that patients who had received docetaxel chemotherapy before abiraterone gained similar benefit from enzalutamide compared with patients who had not received docetaxel. These results suggest that earlier treatment with docetaxel does not have a large impact on the activity of enzalutamide after abiraterone.
A new fluorescent sensor for Na+ is presented. The sensor relies on a Na+ selective fluoroionophore based on a bright red-emitting BODIPY chromophore. The fluorescence of the fluoroionophore is ...enhanced upon binding of Na+-ions to the highly selective aza-crown ether receptor due to reduction of the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) quenching. Solid state sensing materials were prepared by physically embedding the fluoroionophore into water-swellable biocompatible polymer matrices (polyurethane hydrogels), thus enabling continuous measurements of aqueous samples. Despite the simple design, the sensor showed no leaching of the indicator and featured fast and reversible response. Among different polyurethane hydrogels investigated, the hydrogel D1 featuring the highest water uptake was found to be the most suitable due to the highest dynamics between “off” and “on” states. Due to little or no cross sensitivity to other ions (e.g., Mg2+, Ca2+, K+) and its insensitivity to potential changes in pH, this sensor is promising for use in clinical diagnostics and for biological and marine applications. Fiber-optic sensors based on referenced read-out with a compact phase fluorimeter were prepared. To demonstrate their practical applicability, the sensors were used to determine the salinity in the seawater and brackish water of the Baltic Sea.
•New Pt(II)- and Pd(II)-benzoporphyrin indicator were prepared via 3 simple reaction steps.•Modification of these dyes via Suzuki-coupling to introduce styrene groups for covalent coupling to the ...sensor matrix is performed.•Highly robust silicone rubber sensor materials were prepared using catalytic hydrosilylation reaction.•Linear calibration plots simplify calibration and recalibration of the sensor.•Oxygen sensitivity is fine-tuned by using differently substituted silicone pre-polymers.
New robust optical sensors for measurement of low oxygen concentrations are presented. The simple synthesis of a new Pt(II) and Pd(II)-benzoporphyrin indicator and the subsequent modification via Suzuki-coupling to introduce reactive styrene groups are shown. These indicators have excellent photophysical properties like high brightness, good photostability and NIR emission. A highly mechanically and chemically stable oxygen-permeable silicon rubber matrix was prepared by curing polysiloxane pre-polymers using the catalytic hydrosilylation reaction. The new indicator dyes act as crosslinkers in this reaction and are covalently immobilised into the matrix which prevents aggregation and leaching of the dye. Differently substituted polysiloxane pre-polymers were used in order to fine-tune the sensitivity of the sensor. In contrast to most state-of-the-art oxygen sensors the Stern–Volmer plots are ideally linear in the relevant measurement range which ensures simple (re)calibration. The sensors show very fast response <1 and KSV values between 0.082 and 0.141hPa−1 when using Pt(II)-benzoporphyrin and 0.921hPa−1 when using Pd(II)-benzoporphyrin. To illustrate potential applications of these oxygen sensors, the measurement of oxygen diffusion through cork-sealed colored glass bottles is demonstrated.
Molecular stratification can improve the management of advanced cancers, but requires relevant tumor samples. Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) is poised to benefit given a recent expansion of ...treatment options and its high genomic heterogeneity. We profile minimally-invasive plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) samples from 104 mUC patients, and compare to same-patient tumor tissue obtained during invasive surgery. Patient ctDNA abundance is independently prognostic for overall survival in patients initiating first-line systemic therapy. Importantly, ctDNA analysis reproduces the somatic driver genome as described from tissue-based cohorts. Furthermore, mutation concordance between ctDNA and matched tumor tissue is 83.4%, enabling benchmarking of proposed clinical biomarkers. While 90% of mutations are identified across serial ctDNA samples, concordance for serial tumor tissue is significantly lower. Overall, our exploratory analysis demonstrates that genomic profiling of ctDNA in mUC is reliable and practical, and mitigates against disease undersampling inherent to studying archival primary tumor foci. We urge the incorporation of cell-free DNA profiling into molecularly-guided clinical trials for mUC.
The easily tunable emission of halide perovskite nanocrystals throughout the visible spectrum makes them an extremely promising material for light-emitting applications. Whereas high quantum yields ...and long-term colloidal stability have already been achieved for nanocrystals emitting in the red and green spectral range, the blue region currently lags behind with low quantum yields, broad emission profiles, and insufficient colloidal stability. In this work, we present a facile synthetic approach for obtaining two-dimensional CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets with monolayer-precise control over their thickness, resulting in sharp photoluminescence and electroluminescence peaks with a tunable emission wavelength between 432 and 497 nm due to quantum confinement. Subsequent addition of a PbBr2-ligand solution repairs surface defects likely stemming from bromide and lead vacancies in a subensemble of weakly emissive nanoplatelets. The overall photoluminescence quantum yield of the blue-emissive colloidal dispersions is consequently enhanced up to a value of 73 ± 2%. Transient optical spectroscopy measurements focusing on the excitonic resonances further confirm the proposed repair process. Additionally, the high stability of these nanoplatelets in films and to prolonged ultraviolet light exposure is shown.
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) exhibit large spin–orbit coupling (SOC), leading to only twofold-degenerate valence and conduction bands and therefore allowing for efficient optical orientation. This ...makes them ideal materials to study charge carrier spins. With this study we elucidate the spin dynamics of photoexcited charge carriers and the underlying spin relaxation mechanisms in CsPbI3 nanocrystals by employing time-resolved differential transmission spectroscopy (DTS). We find that the photoinduced spin polarization significantly diminishes during thermalization and cooling toward the energetically favorable band edge. Temperature-dependent DTS reveals a decay in spin polarization that is more than 1 order of magnitude faster at room temperature (3 ps) than at cryogenic temperatures (32 ps). We propose that spin relaxation of free charge carriers in large-SOC materials like LHPs occurs as a result of carrier–phonon scattering, as described by the Elliott–Yafet mechanism.
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