Cilj je ovog rada ispitati odnos između osobnih iskustava sudjelovanja učitelja u vršnjačkom nasilju tijekom djetinjstva i njihovih reakcija na nasilje među učenicima.
Istraživanje je provedeno na ...nacionalno reprezentativnom uzorku (N = 639) učitelja osnovnih škola u Republici Hrvatskoj, prosječne dobi 43 godine (SD = 10,59).
Za prikupljanje podataka, uz adaptirane vinjete, korišteni su i upitnici sociodemografskih karakteristika i uloga u vršnjačkom nasilju tijekom školovanja.
Rezultati pokazuju da se učitelji razlikuju u procjeni ozbiljnosti nasilja i vjerojatnosti intervencije, ovisno o kojoj se vrsti nasilja među učenicima radi. Najozbiljnijim procjenjuju elektroničko, a najmanje primjećuju relacijsko nasilje.
Uloga koju su učitelji imali tijekom školovanja u vršnjačkom nasilju ima značajne učinke na njihove reakcije na nasilje među učenicima. Oni koji su bili promatrači najmanje ozbiljnim procjenjuju vršnjačko nasilje i imaju najmanju vjerojatnost interveniranja. Učitelji koji se svrstavaju u ulogu branitelja žrtava pokazuju najintenzivnije reakcije na nasilje i danas.
The objective of this paper is to find out if the students exposed to abuse differ in their level of anxiety, aggressiveness, and altruism from other students, and to test if the pattern of these ...differences differs depending on whether the abuse they suffer is emotional or physical. The research was carried out on a sample of 127 senior elementary school students. The data was gathered at the end of the 2003/04 school year, and obtained through the respondents' self-statements in questionnaires about childhood abuse and by the scales of manifest aggressiveness, anxiety and altruism. The frequency analysis has shown that various forms of emotional abuse are more common in schools than physical abuse, and that they are reaching disturbing proportions. For example, more than half of the participants in the study reported facing intimidation and threats in school, and over a third of them have been yelled at. Although less commonplace, physical abuse in school can by no means be ignored. Those students who suffer from frequent physical abuse are more dissatisfied with school (r=0.174, p<0.05), display more aggressiveness (r=0.441, p<0.001), and are more often boys (r=0.324, p<0.01). Those students who are frequently emotionally abused are more anxious (r=0.281, p<0.01), dissatisfied with school (r=0.237, p<0.01), and display more manifest aggressiveness (r=398, p<0.01). The discriminant analysis has shown that the bullied students can be differentiated from their non-abused schoolmates as they are manifestly more anxious and aggressive, regardless of whether they suffer physical or emotional abuse. Instances of different forms of emotional and physical classroom abuse have increased alarmingly. Such traumatic experiences affect children's health and functioning in school, as well as in their private lives. The interdisciplinary studies of this phenomenon and the education of all those who work with young people emerge as the top priority in the prevention of this kind of abuse.
Rationale: This research examinedfactors associated with pathological use of video games, i.e. videogames addiction (VA) in adolescence. The first aim of the study was to investigate prevalence of ...addiction to videoames among secondary school students in Zagreb area in Croatia. The second aim was to examine the relationship of gender, self-esteem and educational context in tendency toward pathological videogaming.
Method: A sample of184 (56,5 % female) students from gymnasia and 143 (44,1% female) students from professional schools took part in the study. Videogame addiction was assessed using the modified version of Young Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire, and self-esteem by Rosenberg Self-esteem scale.
Results: The majority of respondents were classified as normal users of the video games while only minority as patological video users (13.1% of boys and 1.8% of girls). ANOVA results revealed significant all main effects and a significant three-way interaction among gender, education conteext and self-esteem. Being male, having low self-esteem and attending professional school were factors associated with increased tendency to VA. Gymnasian educational context exacerebated the link between poor self-esteem and videogame addiction for boys, but not for girs.
The results can be interpreted as a first hint for a prevalence estimation ofpathological video gaming in Croatian adolescents from Zagreb area. Additionally, results suggested different role of low self-esteem for boys and for girls in competitive and academically demanding context.
Pripadnici net generacije rođeni su i odrastaju u digitalnom svijetu, a razlikuju se od svojih digitalno „priučenih“ roditelja i učitelja po stavovima i ponašanju. U uvodnom dijelu analiziraju se ...njihova tipična obilježja, poseban neomilenijski stil učenja i stjecanja znanja. Te osobine podržane vodećim suvremenim paradigmama (konstruktivizmom i konektivizmom) potaknule su zanimljive promjene u teoriji i praksi obrazovanja, ali se pritom učestalo zanemaruju ishodi odgoja.
Stoga se u ovom radu na temelju literature ispituju mogući utjecaji digitalnih medija na oblikovanje navika i stvaranje novih obrazaca ponašanja koji se prakticiraju u učenju i svakodnevnim aktivnostima kao što su brzina, istodobno obavljanje više zadaća, traženje informacija i njihova trenutna isplativost, širok raspon pažnje, a što rezultira nedostatkom strpljivosti, ustrajnosti, površnosti, nepromišljenosti, tjelesnom i mentalnom lijenost. Iako se novi val upotrebe interneta povezuje uz pozitivne odgojne kvalitete kao što su dijeljenje, međusobno pomaganje, podršku, iskrenost i toleranciju, upozorava se i na negativnosti, osobito neodgovorno i nekorektno postupanje prema drugima (elektroničko nasilje, nepoštivanje vlasništva), ali i prema sebi (lažno predstavljanje i (ne)samokritičnost, ugrožavanje privatnosti).
Budući da moderna tehnologija oblikuje mladu generaciju te postaje važna snaga u oblikovanju suvremenog društva, u zaključku se ističe da uz pozitivne pomake u obrazovnoj domeni pozornost treba posvetiti i ishodima odgoja, osobito upornosti, dosljednosti, strpljivosti, kritičnosti i samokritičnost, odgovornom ponašanju, međusobnom poštovanju i uvažavanju.
This paper analyses the relationship between the exposure of school children to various forms of peer bullying (classic/cyber) and their life satisfaction in the domain of school, family, friends and ...school performance. The sample included 562 children from rural and urban areas of Croatia who were attending the seventh and the eighth grade of primary school. Results show that children were more often exposed to classic forms of peer bullying, especially verbal, and then physical bullying. On the other hand, cyber bullying most often comprises harassment in forums, blogs, chats or social networks, then on the web, by e-mail and mobile phone. Almost half of the examinees knew the identity of the bully, while a minority believes that bullies are the same ones who also physically abuse them at school. We found that children exposed to all forms of both classic and cyber bullying, unlike their peers who do not have such experience, show less satisfaction with friends, while those exposed to physical and cyber bullying show dissatisfaction with their family, too. However no statistically significant difference was found in their satisfaction with school. Children exposed to physical bullying showed poorer school performance, poorer achievement in Croatian and math, while children exposed to verbal and cyber bullying and children who were not exposed to such forms of bullying showed no differences in their school achievement.
Cilj: Ciljevi istraživanja bili su utvrditi postoji li razlika u mjerenju intraokularnog tlaka (IOT) Goldmanovom aplanacijskom tonometrijom (GAT) i air-puff tonometrijom (APT) te usporediti osjećaj ...ugode prilikom mjerenja IOT-a objema metodama. Ispitanici i metode: Ovom presječnom studijom obuhvaćena su 133 ispitanika kojima je učinjen standardni oftalmološki pregled. Ispitanici su na pregled dolazili zbog korekcije refrakcijske greške od listopada 2017. do travnja 2018. godine na Polikliniku za oftalmologiju „Oculus“ u Osijeku. Isključni kriteriji bili su dob manja od 18 godina, liječenje od glaukoma, operativni zahvat na prednjem ili stražnjem segmentu oka, degenerativne promjene na prednjem segmentu oka ili teži poremećaj suznog filma. Svim ispitanicima izmjeren je IOT objema metodama, nakon čega su ispitanici dobrovoljno ispunili anketu u kojoj su se prikupljali sljedeći podatci: dob, spol, nošenje leća, broj pregleda mjerenja IOT-a te procjena ugodnosti pregleda GAT-om i APT-om. Rezultati: Presječna studija uključila je 133 pacijenta (83 žene, 50 muškaraca). Medijan dobi ispitanika bio je 51 godina. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između izmjerenog IOT-a desnog i lijevog oka GAT-om i APT-om (t-test za zavisne uzorke, P < 0,001). Nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika u ocjeni ugode mjerenja IOT-a GAT-om i APT-om (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,180). Zaključci: Iako APT ima određene prednosti u odnosu na GAT, GAT daje preciznije rezultate mjerenja IOT-a te se s razlogom danas smatra zlatnim standardom u mjerenju IOT-a.
Aim: The objectives of the study were to determine whether there is any difference in the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and air-puff tonometry (APT) and to compare the feeling of comfort when measuring the IOP by both methods. Participants and methods: This cross-sectional study included 133 participants, who underwent standard ophthalmic examination. Participants were examined for correction of refractive error from October 2017 to April 2018 at the Ophthalmology polyclinic “Oculus”, Osijek. Exclusion criteria were age under 18 years, glaucoma treatment, operative surgery at the anterior or posterior eye segment, degenerative changes in the anterior eye segment, or tear film disorder. IOP was measured in all participants by both methods, after which participants voluntarily completed a questionnaire in which the following data were collected: age, gender, data on wearing lenses, number of IOP measures, and evaluation of the comfort level of GAT and APT. Results: This cross-sectional study included 133 patients (83 women, 50 men). The median of the participants’ age was 51. There was a statistically significant difference between the measured IOP of the right and left eye with the GAT and APT (t-test, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the comfort level of IOP measured with GAT and APT (Fisher’s exact test, P = 0.180). Conclusions: Although APT has some advantages over GAT, GAT provides more accurate results for IOP measurement and is therefore considered a gold standard for IOT measurement today.
Socijalne interakcije temelj su mnogih aktivnosti u suvremenoj školi te se reflektiraju i na školski angažman učenika. Cilj ovog rada je, sistematiziranjem spoznaja iz literature, analizirati kako se ...odnosi s vršnjacima odražavaju na školski angažman i uspjeh učenika. Kako bismo bolje razumjeli navedeni odnos, uvodno se elaborira uloga nekih individualnih karakteristika učenika i procesa koji doprinose razumijevanju vršnjačkih odnosa i njihove povezanosti sa školskim angažmanom. Analizom rezultata empirijskih istraživanja utvrđeno je da su odnosi s vršnjacima izravno povezani sa školskim angažmanom učenika. Pozitivni, podržavajući odnosi s vršnjacima koreliraju s većim angažmanom učenika u različitim školskim aktivnostima. Suprotno tome, učenici koji imaju negativna iskustva s vršnjacima (neprihvaćanje, odbacivanje ili viktimizaciju) nedovoljno se angažiraju u radu. Školski angažman je medijator koji vršnjačke odnose povezuje s postignućem učenika. Ovaj rad ima važne implikacije za kreiranje pedagoških intervencija usmjerenih na poboljšanje vršnjačkih odnosa, angažmana i uspjeha učenika.
The perception of obesity among people has not changed significantly regardless numerous public educational programs. Reasons for obesity pandemics are numerous and complex, but can be mostly resumed ...to life-style changes. The aim of this research was to determine connection between socioeconomic factors and obesity with children of our region. Study included pupils aged 7-8 from 19 first grades in 8 primary schools in Osijek-Baranya County. Body height and weight were measured and socioeconomic data status were collected. Socioeconomic status included data on marital status, educational level, employment, number of children in the family, kindergarten attendance and urban/rural location and also smoking habits of parents. BMI was calculated as a parameter for obesity assessment according to Croatian reference values. Total of 372 children were measured. There were 6.5% of overweight children (BMI between 90th and 97th percentile) and 2.4% of obese children (BMI above 97th percentile). The prevalence of obese children in our research was 8.9%. Obesity is not influenced by rural/urban residence, marital status of parents, number of children in the family, mother's education, or by parents' smoking habits. Positive correlation between obesity and father's education and parents' unemployment was found. Available literature data, same as our study, did not show consistent association between socioeconomic factors and obesity with children. Contradictory results of different studies can be a result of a small sample, difference in study design and different criteria for defining categories within investigated socioeconomic factor.
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