This paper gathers arguments and reasons why muons surviving the Gran Sasso mountain cannot mimic the Dark Matter annual modulation signature exploited by the DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA experiments. A ...number of these items have already been presented in individual papers. Further arguments have been addressed here in order to present a comprehensive collection and to enable a wider community to correctly approach this point.
The radioactive contamination of a BaF\(_2\) scintillation crystal with mass of 1.714 kg was measured over 101 hours in the low-background DAMA/R&D set-up deep underground (3600 m w.e.) at the Gran ...Sasso National Laboratories of INFN (LNGS, Italy). The half-life of \(^{212}\)Po (present in the crystal scintillator due to contamination by radium) was measured as \(T_{1/2}(^{212}\)Po) = 298.8\(\pm\)0.8(stat.)\(\pm\)1.4(syst.) ns by analysis of the events' pulse profiles. The \(^{222}\)Rn nuclide is known as 100% decaying via emission of \(\alpha\) particle with \(T_{1/2}\) = 3.82 d; however, its \(\beta\) decay is also energetically allowed with \(Q_\beta = 24\pm21\) keV. Search for decay chains of events with specific pulse shapes characteristic for \(\alpha\) or for \(\beta/\gamma\) signals and with known energies and time differences allowed us to set, for the first time, the limit on the branching ratio of \(^{222}\)Rn relatively to \(\beta\) decay as \(B_\beta < 0.13\)% at 90% C.L. (equivalent to limit on partial half-life \(T_{1/2}^\beta > 8.0\) y). Half-life limits of \(^{212}\)Pb, \(^{222}\)Rn and \(^{226}\)Ra relatively to \(2\beta\) decays are also improved in comparison with the earlier results.
A radiopure cadmium tungstate crystal scintillator, enriched in \(^{106}\)Cd to 66%, with mass of 216 g (\(^{106}\)CdWO\(_4\)), was used to search for double beta decay processes in \(^{106}\)Cd in ...coincidence with four ultra-low background high purity germanium detectors in a single cryostat. New improved limits on the double beta processes in \(^{106}\)Cd have been set on the level of \(10^{20}- 10^{21}\) yr after 13085 h of data taking. In particular, the half-life limit on the two neutrino electron capture with positron emission, \(T_{1/2}^{2\nu\varepsilon\beta^+}\geq 1.1\times 10^{21}\) yr, has reached the region of theoretical predictions. With this half-life limit the effective nuclear matrix element for the \(2\nu\varepsilon\beta^+\) decay is bounded as \(M^{2\nu\varepsilon\beta^+}_{eff}\le 1.1\). The resonant neutrinoless double electron captures to the 2718 keV, 2741 keV and 2748 keV excited states of \(^{106}\)Pd are restricted at the level of \(T_{1/2} \geq (8.5\times10^{20}-1.4\times10^{21}\)) yr.
Several experiments were performed during last years at underground (3600 m w.e.) Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the INFN (Italy) to search for resonant 2\(\varepsilon0\nu\) captures ...in 96Ru, 106Cd, 136Ce, 156Dy, 158Dy, 180W, 184Os, 190Pt with the help of HP Ge semiconductor detectors, and ZnWO4 and 106CdWO4 crystal scintillators. No evidence for r-2\(\varepsilon0\nu\) decays was found, and only T_{1/2} limits were established in the range of 10^{14}-10^{21} yr.
O trabalho foi realizado na Estação Experimental de Itambé, PE, para avaliar a distribuição da biomassa e nutrientes em povoamentos de Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth. Foram estudados dois ...povoamentos, em solo e topografia similares com oito e 11 anos de idade, nos espaçamentos de 3,0 x 3,0 m e 4,5 x 4,5 m, respectivamente. A biomassa foi determinada para cada componente aéreo. As amostras de folhas, galhos, cascas e fuste foram coletadas e analisadas quimicamente. A biomassa total encontrada foi de 66,22 e 80,78 t/ha, nos povoamentos I e II, respectivamente. O material lenhoso (galhos e lenho) representou 96,52 e 97,98% da biomassa total, nos povoamentos I e II. A distribuição de biomassa nos povoamentos I e II foi, respectivamente; de galhos (44,99 e 53,40%), fuste (51,53 e 44,58%), casca (2,39 e 1,40%) e folhas (1,10 e 0,62%). A ordem de concentração de nutrientes nos dois povoamentos, em todos os componentes da parte aérea, de modo geral, obedeceu à seguinte ordem decrescente: nitrogênio > cálcio > potássio > magnésio > enxofre > fósforo.
Phys.Lett. B308 (1993) 58-64 By considering a set of $N$ anyonic oscillators ( non-local, intrinsic
two-dimensional objects interpolating between fermionic and bosonic
oscillators) on a ...two-dimensional lattice, we realize the $SU_q(N)$ quantum
algebra by means of a generalized Schwinger construction. We find that the
deformation parameter $q$ of the algebra is related to the anyonic statistical
parameter $\nu$ by $q=exp({\rm i}\pi\nu)$.
By considering a set of \(N\) anyonic oscillators ( non-local, intrinsic two-dimensional objects interpolating between fermionic and bosonic oscillators) on a two-dimensional lattice, we realize the ...\(SU_q(N)\) quantum algebra by means of a generalized Schwinger construction. We find that the deformation parameter \(q\) of the algebra is related to the anyonic statistical parameter \(\nu\) by \(q=exp({\rm i}\pi\nu)\).
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