V prispevku je analiziran pomen politike razvoja podeželja v glavnih strateških dokumentih in izvedbenih ukrepih kmetijske politike. Kvalitativna analiza Nacionalnega strateškega načrta za programsko ...obdobje 2007 - 2013, ki zajema raven usklajenosti politike z razvojnimi potrebami in cilji, predstavlja okvir za kritično oceno sprejemljivosti posameznih ukrepov. Obseg in struktura finančnih sredstev, ki jih za različne spodbude namenja država, kažeta na izrazito povečan gospodarski, socialni in okoljski pomen razvoja slovenskega podeželja.
Integrated rural development programmes, which are prepared with the active involvement of local citizens, have a long tradition in Slovenia. In the period 1991-2006, Slovenia introduced “Programmes ...of Integrated Rural Development and Village Renewal” and “Development Programmes for Rural Areas”, which were quite similar to the LEADER initiative in the European Union. From the 2007-2013 programming period, the LEADER approach has been mainstreamed within the overall EU rural development policy. This means that LEADER is included in national and regional rural development programmes supported by the EU, alongside a range of other rural development axes. The main emphasis of the current paper is given to the implementation of the LEADER approach and establishment of local action groups in the 2007-2013 programming period. The paper consists of three parts. The first part presents the general characteristics of the LEADER approach and the measures which are carried out in the 2007-2013 Rural Development Programme. In the second part, an analysis of 33 Local Action Groups is described. The main focus is given to spatial-demographic characteristics, the partnership structure, and the organisation of the decision making body. The paper concludes with an analysis of 33 Local Development Strategies. We analysed the extent to which the strategic goals and priority tasks of Local Development Strategies follow the economic, social and spatial-environmental component of sustainable development.
Temeljna značilnost slovenskega kmetijstva je, da se je dolgo časa razvija-lo v povsem drugačni smeri kot kmetijstvo v EU, kar še posebej velja zaagrarno strukturo. Medtem ko se je v državah z ...razvitim kmetijstvomrazmeroma hitro povečevala velikost obratov in vzporedno z izboljševanjemkmetijske tehnologije specializacija pridelave, pa se je vse do začetkadevetdesetih let 20. stoletja (predvsem v zasebnem sektorju slovenskegakmetijstva) odvijal ravno obraten proces. Evidentno je bilo nenehnoslabšanje zemljiške in posestne strukture, nizka delovna intenzivnost in vnekaterih območjih tudi opuščanje pridelave. Trdimo lahko, da se je vslovenskem kmetijstvu nenehno poglabljala protislovnost med družbeno-ekonomsko strukturo kmečkega prebivalstva in agrarno strukturo.Posledice se kažejo v tem, da imamo z vidika deleža kmečkega prebivalstvav Sloveniji že socialno in demografsko strukturo razvite družbe, medtem koagrarna struktura še vedno izkazuje značilnosti klasične agrarne družbe.
Due to varied natural conditions, a considerable share of agricultural land in Slovenia is situated in the less favoured areas (LFAs). From the spatial as well as social, agrarian and political ...points of view they are an essential segment of structural development. The long-term objective of the agricultural and social policy towards the LFAs areas is the preservation of functional ability of these areas. Compensatory allowances considerably contribute to income of farmers in specifc areas. In connection with basic criteria of good farming practice, the measure contributes to preservation of agricultural land as well and therefore improves also the environmental functions of LFAs. The prepared paper briefly outlines theoretical arguments for introducing of EU comparable LFAs policy and examines the implementation of accompanying measures in Slovenian agricultural policy. The paper is based on desk research drawing from responsible literature, legislation documents and available research studies.
Opuščanje pridelave in yarašcanje kmetijskih yemljišc sodi med najbolj vidne pokayatelje delnega raykroja kulturne pokrajine. Alpski svet nedvomno sodi v tisto skupino slovenskih pokrajin, kjer je ...yarašcanje najbolj intenyivno in obseyno. Tako naravne kot tudi socialne in demografske raymere vplivajo na to,da kmetijstvo v veliki meri stagnira, v pridelovalno najbolj neugodnih obmocjih pa prihaja do ekstenyiviranja, kasneje pa tudi do trajnega opušcanja pridelave. Glede na vyroke lahko yarašcanje kmetijskih yemljišc opredelimo kotodray porušenega ravnoteyja med socio-ekonomskim poloyajem kmeckega prebivalstva in naravnimi moynostmi ya kmetijsko pridelavo. Obmocja najvecje degradacije kulturne pokrajine so praviloma tudi najbolj iyrayita depopulacijska in deagrariyacijska obmocja v alpskem svetu. Revitaliyacija kmetijskih yemljišc v yarašcanju ni pomembna samo iy proiyvodno strateškega, ampak tudi iy prostorskega in ekološkega vidika.
Na osnovi vzorčne ankete na 562 kmetijah smo analizirali opremljenost slovenskih kmetij s traktorji. Iz tehnološkega vidika je traktorski vozni park v Sloveniji zastarel, saj je povprečna starost ...traktorjev 18,8 let. Z obratoslovnega vidika pa sedanji traktorski vozni park navidezno še vedno zadošča. Traktorji na kmetijah letno naredijo v povprečju 280 delovnih ur. V strukturi predstavljajo traktorji z letnim izkoristkom do 200 ur kar 55,9 %. Slabih 10 % traktorjev nima ne kabine ne loka, tako da so velika potencialna nevarnost za uporabnika. 57 % lastnikov sami vzdržujejo traktorje, 84 % lastnikov pa sami menjajo olje. S proizvodno tehničnega vidika je potrebna modernizacija traktorjev, ta pa mora predvsem odpraviti pogosto neracionalno in neučinkovito izrabo traktorjev ter nizko raven njihove tehnične opremljenosti.
V prispevku je analiziran pomen politike razvoja podeželja v glavnih strateških dokumentih in izvedbenih ukrepih kmetijske politike. Kvalitativna analiza Nacionalnega strateškega načrta za programsko ...obdobje 2007 - 2013, ki zajema raven usklajenosti politike z razvojnimi potrebami in cilji, predstavlja okvir za kritično oceno sprejemljivosti posameznih ukrepov. Obseg in struktura finančnih sredstev, ki jih za različne spodbude namenja država, kažeta na izrazito povečan gospodarski, socialni in okoljski pomen razvoja slovenskega podeželja.
Marginalisation of agriculture and spontaneous afforestation of abandoned land due to structural, demographic and social reasons are pressing issues in several regions of the EU and even more so in ...the Member State of Slovenia. Spontaneous afforestation of agricultural land is only the final and the most extreme phase of the restructuring process in agriculture. These changes have major implications for the environment and for rural development. In Slovenia, the rate of forest cover spread has been especially dramatic, making it one of the most forested countries in EU. The objective of this study was to explore possible futures of spontaneous afforestation in the Postojna region in south-western Slovenia, which is one of the regions most affected by land abandonment. This exploration was done through a scenario study based on a spatially explicit empirical model of spontaneous afforestation in relation to several physical landscape and policy relevant variables. The model was calibrated using historical data from the Postojna region. Stockbreeding intensity was used as an additional policy-relevant explanatory variable in the modelling of spontaneous afforestation.
The agricultural sector of Western Balkan (WB) countries/territories faces major structural and competitiveness issues; in order for the sector to modernize and to approximate to the European Union ...(EU) standards, they will need to overcome the obstacles in land market. This paper presents the findings of a cross-country analysis of the land market functioning in selected WB countries/territories (Albania, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of Srpska, Kosovo*1, Republic of North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia) with a focus on small farms’ access to land. Analysis is based on data and information collected with the means of survey questionnaire and focus groups with the relevant stakeholders in the countries/territories under review. Results show that the analysed agricultural land markets in WB are generally underdeveloped and that the small farmers have poor access to land and agricultural credits. Among the analysed countries/territories, Serbia has the most developed agricultural land market.
Slovenia implements its rural development policy through Rural Development Programme 2007-2013 (RDP). In this programming period is within four development axes implemented 21 measures in total ...amount of 1,177 millions €. The main objective of the paper is to analyse the implementation of rural development policy measures in Slovenia in period 2007-2010 and to give proposals which will increase the efficiency of implementation in the next programming period. An analysis of the implementation shows that there is great imbalance between the strategic goals and actual implementation of the programme. In the first four years of the implementation majority of the funds were allocated to the measures which pursuing economic and environmental components of sustainable development but at the level of implementation especially social and spatial issues are not adequately addressed.
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