ABSTRACT The slow darkening of grains is sought by bean breeders because the consumers consider that darker grains demand more time for cooking. The analysis currently used takes around 90 days to ...differentiate grain color among genotypes. The objective was to evaluate the color as a function of the value of L* (lightness) of carioca beans, by natural and accelerated methods to verify equivalence between methods, validation of the methodology and identification of genotypes tolerant to the darkening. The grain darkening was compared and evaluated by natural darkening method under shelf conditions, in days storage, and accelerated darkening method under ultraviolet light, in hours. The natural darkening time of 90 days was statistically equal to 24 hours of accelerated darkening, and the difference among the genotypes could be obtained in a shorter time, indicating a correspondence in the methods. The accelerated darkening method can be used to shorten the analysis time in the routine of breeding programs.
RESUMO O escurecimento lento de grãos é almejado por melhoristas de feijoeiro porque o consumidor considera que grãos mais escuros apresentarão maior tempo para cocção. A análise empregada atualmente leva ao redor de 90 dias para diferenciação da cor do grão entre os genótipos. Objetivou-se avaliar a cor em função do valor de L* (luminosidade) de feijoeiro do tipo carioca pelos métodos natural e acelerado para verificar equivalência entre os métodos, validação da metodologia e identificação de genótipos tolerantes ao escurecimento. O escurecimento de grãos foi comparado e avaliado pelo método de escurecimento natural em condições de prateleira, em dias de armazenamento, e pelo método de escurecimento acelerado, em condições de luz ultravioleta, em horas. O escurecimento natural de 90 dias foi estatisticamente igual a 24 horas de escurecimento acelerado, e a diferença entre os genótipos pôde ser obtida em menor tempo, indicando correspondência entre os métodos. O método de escurecimento acelerado pode ser utilizado para encurtar o tempo de análise na rotina dos programas de melhoramento.
IAC Netuno, a black common bean cultivar with high grain yield potential, 2968.20 kg ha-¹, upright plant architecture and Type II indeterminate growth habit, about a 90-day cycle, and 1000-seed ...weight of 230 grams, recommended for all common bean crop seasons in the state of São Paulo.
IAC Sintonia: new carioca common bean cultivar Chiorato, Alisson Fernando; Carbonell, Sérgio Augusto Morais; Gonçalves, João Guilherme Ribeiro ...
Crop breeding and applied biotechnology,
09/2018, Volume:
18, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
IAC Sintonia, new common bean cultivar, was developed to incorporate moderate resistance to the main pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum allied to great grain yield ...observed, 5,750.00 kg ha-1. IAC Sintonia has semi-upright architecture and indeterminate growth habit (Type II), cycle is around 90 days and, 1000 seed weight of 280 grams.
The Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC registered the carioca type common bean cultivar IAC Milênio. The cultivar has a mean yield of 2831 kg ha-1, high grain quality with tolerance to darkening, ...and resistance to Fusarium oxysporum and physiological races 81, 89, and 95 of the anthracnose pathogen (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum).
Bacterial wilt is one of the main diseases of common beans and the use of cultivars with some level of resistance is fundamental for an adequate disease management. The reaction of 54 common bean ...genotypes to Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) was evaluated, and the colonization of cultivars and obstruction of primary xylem vessels at the petiole base were assessed. In greenhouse and laboratory tests, resistance was detected in the cultivars IAC Diplomata, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IPR Corujinha, and IPR Tangará, and in the lines P5-4-4-1 and C4-5-4-1-2. The Cff colonization rate was also slower in the resistant cultivars (IAC Diplomata, IAC Carioca Tybatã, and IAC Carioca Pyatã) and the percentage of obstruction of primary xylem vessels at the petiole base lower than in the susceptible cultivars (IAC Carioca and Pérola).
A murcha-de-curtobacterium é umas principais doenças do feijoeiro e o uso de cultivares com níveis de resistência é fundamental para o manejo adequado da doença. A reação de 54 genótipos de feijoeiro comum a um isolado de Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) foi avaliada, assim como a colonização de cultivares e a obstrução de vasos de xilema primário da base de pecíolos de plantas inoculadas foram quantificadas. Ensaios conduzidos em casa-de-vegetação e laboratório evidenciaram resistência nas cultivares IAC Diplomata, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IPR Corujinha e IPR Tangará e nas linhagens P5-4-4-1 e C4-5-4-1-2. Uma menor velocidade de colonização por Cff também foi evidenciada nas cultivares resistentes (IAC Diplomata, IAC Carioca Tybatã e IAC Carioca Pyatã), assim como uma menor porcentagem de obstrução dos vasos de xilema primários na base de pecíolos, em comparação às cultivares suscetíveis (IAC Carioca e Pérola).
In the state of São Paulo, common bean is an important crop and the Agronomic Institute (Instituto Agronômico - IAC) registered the "carioca" (beige with brown stripes) bean cultivar IAC Imperador in ...the MAPA/RNC, exhibiting mean yield of 2,266 kg/ha in the 17 environments evaluated, a 75-day cycle, resistance to soil diseases and high quality seeds.
Eighteen common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes were evaluated in 25 environments of the state of São Paulo in 2001 and 2002. The estimation of genetic parameters by the Restricted Maximum ...Likelihood (REML) and the prediction of genotypic values via Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) were obtained by software Selegen-REML/BLUP. The estimate of the broad-sense heritability was low for the grain yield (0.03), since it took individual plots into consideration and was free of the effects of interaction with years, cultivation periods and site. Nevertheless, the heritability at the level of line means across the various environments was high (0.75), allowing a high accuracy (0.87) in the selection of lines for planting in the environment mean. Among the 18 genotypes, the predicted genotypic values of nine were higher than the general mean. The genetic gain predicted with the selection of the best line, in this case line Gen 96A31 of the IAC, was 16.25%.
Dezoito genótipos de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foram avaliados em 25 ambientes do estado de São Paulo durante os anos de 2001 e 2002. As estimativas de parâmetros genéticos por REML e a predição de valores genotípicos via BLUP foram obtidas por meio do aplicativo computacional Selegen REML/BLUP, seguindo o modelo misto para linhagens. A estimativa da herdabilidade no sentido amplo para produção de grãos foi baixa (0,03), por ser em nível de parcelas individuais e livre dos efeitos da interação com anos, épocas e locais. No entanto, a herdabilidade ao nível de médias de linhagens ao longo dos vários ambientes foi alta (0,75), permitindo alta acurácia (0,87) na seleção de linhagens para plantio no ambiente médio. Dentre os 18 genótipos, nove apresentaram valores genotípicos preditos superiores à média geral. O ganho genético predito com a seleção da melhor linhagem, no caso, a linhagem Gen 96A31 do IAC, foi de 16,25%.
IAC Formoso: new carioca common bean cultivar Carbonell, Sérgio Augusto Morais(Instituto Agronômico); Chiorato, Alisson Fernando(Instituto Agronômico); Carvalho, Cassia Regina Limonta(Instituto Agronômico) ...
Crop breeding and applied biotechnology,
12/2010, Volume:
10, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The MAPA/RNC registered the cultivar IAC Formoso with carioca grain of the Instituto Agronômico IAC, in view of the high mean yield in 24 environments (approximately 2816 kg ha-1), resistance to ...anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and Fusarium solani, high grain quality and a cycle of 85 days from emergence to harvest.
We used agromorphological and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular marker data to identify duplicate common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Fabaceae) accessions in the Common Bean Germplasm ...Bank of the Agronomical Institute - IAC (Banco de Germoplasma de feijoeiro do Instituto Agronomico de Campinas (IAC), SP, Brazil). A total of 116 accessions with the same names and similar agromorphological traits was analyzed. The divergence between the accessions was initially evaluated by means of the agromorphological descriptors using single linkage clustering, from the Euclidean distance. Multivariate analysis identified four duplicate accessions (Carioca Lustroso, Bico de Ouro, Jamapa and Preto), with 17 other same-name accessions being suspected duplicates due to their low divergence levels. Accessions with low genetic distance values (indicating that they were duplicates) were further compared using RAPD markers which confirmed the results of the multivariate analyses in relation to the four duplicate accessions, although only two of the other 17 suspect accessions were confirmed to be duplicates, in this case of accessions IAPAR 57 and Sacavem. These results show that the combined use of agromorphological and molecular information allowed a better characterization of the acessions in the common bean Germplasm Bank.
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