Here we present the first empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that a gender-heterogeneous problem-solving team generally produced journal articles perceived to be higher quality by peers ...than a team comprised of highly-performing individuals of the same gender. Although women were historically underrepresented as principal investigators of working groups, their frequency as PIs at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis is now comparable to the national frequencies in biology and they are now equally qualified, in terms of their impact on the accumulation of ecological knowledge (as measured by the h-index). While women continue to be underrepresented as working group participants, peer-reviewed publications with gender-heterogeneous authorship teams received 34% more citations than publications produced by gender-uniform authorship teams. This suggests that peers citing these publications perceive publications that also happen to have gender-heterogeneous authorship teams as higher quality than publications with gender uniform authorship teams. Promoting diversity not only promotes representation and fairness but may lead to higher quality science.
We need to communicate better Dozier, Mary E.
International psychogeriatrics,
09/2021, Volume:
33, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
...communication was highlighted as a key issue in the majority of the articles reviewed (Groot Kormelinck et al., 2020). Facilities that lack clear lines of communication between those making the ...decisions and those doing the implementing are less likely to be able to successfully transition to new procedures, including those involving increased levels of patient-centered care. Increased emphasis on communication and respect for staff perspectives will likely result in increased success of complex interventions within long-term care settings.
The generational impact of household clutter Nix, Caitlyn A.; Dozier, Mary E.
British journal of clinical psychology,
March 2023, 2023-Mar, 2023-03-00, 20230301, Volume:
62, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Objectives
Hoarding disorder can create long‐term problems for adult children of individuals with hoarding symptoms; however, the extent of the psychosocial consequences of growing up in a cluttered ...household are not yet fully understood. This study investigated the extent to which generational clutter (i.e., parent/caregiver and grandparent) influenced individuals' self‐reported hoarding severity and psychiatric and psychosocial functioning.
Methods
A total of 1306 adults completed an online survey that included measures of hoarding, anxiety, depression, companionship and emotional support. A subsample (n = 198) reported on parent and grandparent household clutter, as well as family impact from hoarding. We used correlations, t‐tests, linear and hierarchical regressions and mediation analyses to investigate whether hoarding symptoms were predicted by parent or grandparent hoarding.
Results
Parent clutter level significantly predicted participant hoarding symptoms. For participants who reported having caregivers with elevated clutter, self‐reported psychosocial functioning was lower overall. Self‐reported behaviour modification due to family hoarding symptoms (accommodation) was a significant predictor of participant hoarding symptoms.
Conclusions
Parent clutter and family accommodation behaviours may be a risk factor for future clutter in adult children. Further comparisons between parents and children are needed to determine whether this association increases children's risk for future hoarding symptoms.
Infants in foster care need sensitive, responsive caregivers to promote their healthy outcomes. The current study examined the effectiveness of the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention, ...a short‐term, targeted, attachment‐based intervention program designed to promote sensitive caregiving behavior among foster mothers. Ninety‐six foster mother–infant dyads participated in this study; 44 dyads were assigned to the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention, and 52 dyads were assigned to a control intervention. Results of hierarchical linear modeling indicated that foster mothers who were assigned to the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention showed greater improvements in their sensitivity from pre‐ to postintervention assessment time points when compared with foster mothers who were assigned to the control intervention. We conclude that a short‐term, targeted, attachment‐based intervention is effective in changing foster mothers’ responsiveness to their foster infants, which is critical for foster infants’ healthy socioemotional adjustment.
Los infantes que se encuentran bajo el cuidado de hogares no biológicos necesitan la sensibilidad y el demostrado interés de quienes les cuidan para promover resultados saludables. El presente estudio examinó la efectividad de la Intervención para Ponerse al Corriente de la Afectividad y la Bioconducta, un programa de intervención a corto plazo, enfocado y con base en la afectividad, el cual está diseñado para promover una conducta de cuidado sensible entre las madres que protegen a niños en hogares no biológicos. Noventa y seis díadas de madre‐infante en estos hogares no biológicos participaron en este estudio; 44 díadas fueron asignadas a la Intervención para Ponerse al Corriente de la Afectividad y la Bioconducta, y 52 díadas fueron asignadas al grupo de control de la intervención. Los resultados del modelar la jerarquía lineal indicaron que las madres protectoras asignadas a la Intervención para Ponerse al Corriente de la Afectividad y la Bioconducta mostraron un mayor progreso en su sensibilidad tomando en cuenta los puntos de evaluación en el tiempo tanto antes como después de la intervención, cuando se les comparó con las madres protectoras asignadas al grupo de control de la intervención. Concluimos que una intervención a corto plazo, enfocada y basada en la afectividad es efectiva para cambiar el interés de las madres protectoras no biológicas por los infantes bajo su protección, lo cual es esencial para la adaptación saludable y socio‐emocional de los infantes bajo el cuidado de hogares no biológicos.
Les bébés placés en famille d'accueil ont besoin de modes de soin sensibles et réactifs qui font la promotion de résultats sains. Cette étude a examiné l'efficacité de l'Intervention d'Attachement et de Rattrapage Biocomportemental (en anglais Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention), un programme d'intervention ciblé, à court terme, basé sur l'attachement, et destiné à promouvoir un comportement de mode de soin sensible chez les mères d'accueil. Quatre‐vingt‐dix‐neuf dyades mère d'accueil‐bébé ont participé à cette étude. 44 dyades ont été assignées à l'Intervention d'Attachement et de Rattrapage Biocomportemental. 52 dyades ont été assignées à une intervention de contrôle. Les résultats de modélisation linéaire ont indiqué que les mères d'accueil ayant été assignées à l'Intervention d'Attachement et de Rattrapage Biocomportemental ont fait preuve de plus grands progrès dans leur sensibilité (de points d'évaluation pré‐ et post‐intervention) que ne l'ont fait les mères d'accueil de l'intervention de contrôle. Nous concluons qu'une intervention basée sur l'attachement, fait à court terme et ciblée, est efficace lorsqu'il s'agit de changer la réactivité des mères d'accueil à leurs enfants placés en accueil, ce qui s'avère critique pour un ajustement socio‐émotionnel sain.
Säuglinge, die bei Pflegeeltern aufwachsen benötigen sensible, responsive Bezugugspersonen, um gesunde Entwicklung zu begünstigen. Die gegenwärtige Studie untersuchte die Effektivität der Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention, einer gezielten, bindungsbasierten Kurzzeitintervention, die konzipiert wurde mit dem Ziel sensibles Betreuungsverhalten unter Pflegemüttern zu fördern. Sechsundneunzig Pflegemutter‐Säuglingsdyaden nahmen an der Studie teil; 44 Dyaden wurden der Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention zugewiesen und 52 Dyaden erhielten eine Kontrollintervention. Ergebnisse eines hierarchischen linearen Modells deuteten darauf hin, dass Pflegemütter, die der Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up zugewiesen wurden stärkere Verbesserungen in ihrer Sensitivität von Prä‐ zu Postinterventionsmesszeitpunkten aufwiesen im Vergleich zu Pflegemüttern, die der Kontrollintervention zugewiesen wurden. Daraus folgern wir, dass eine gezielte, bindungsbasierte Kurzzeitintervention erfolgreich Veränderungen in der Responsivität von Pflegemüttern, die für die sozial‐emotionale Anpassung von Säuglingen zentral ist, herbeiführen kann.
抄録：里親に養育されている乳児には、健康な成長を促進するために、敏感で応答的な養育者が必要である。この研究では、養母に敏感な養育行動を促進するようにデザインされた、短期間の、的を絞った、愛着に基づく介入プログラムである愛着と生物行動的キャッチアップ介入the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up Intervention、の有効性を検証した。96組の養母と里子がこの研究に参加した。44組は愛着と生物行動的キャッチアップ介入に割り当てられ、52組は対照となる介入に割り当てられた。階層線形モデルの結果から、対照となる介入に割り当てられた養母と比べたとき、愛着と生物行動的キャッチアップ介入に割り当てられた養母は、介入前から介入後の評価時点にかけて、敏感性において大きな改善を示した。私たちは、短期間の、目的を絞った、愛着に基づく介入プログラムは、養母の里子への応答性を変化させる上で有効であったという結論を出した。それは里子の健康な社会情緒的適応にとって重要である。
Young children who have experienced early adversity are at risk for developing disorganized attachments. The efficacy of Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up (ABC), an intervention targeting ...nurturing care among parents identified as being at risk for neglecting their young children, was evaluated through a randomized clinical trial. Attachment quality was assessed in the Strange Situation for 120 children between 11.7 and 31.9 months of age (M = 19.1, SD = 5.5). Children in the ABC intervention showed significantly lower rates of disorganized attachment (32%) and higher rates of secure attachment (52%) relative to the control intervention (57% and 33%, respectively). These results support the efficacy of the ABC intervention in enhancing attachment quality among parents at high risk for maltreatment.
Although research on animal hoarding, both in urban and rural settings, is growing, a gap remains in the literature about community patterns of animal ownership. Our objective was to determine ...patterns of companion animal ownership in a rural setting and the association between number of animals in a household and indicators of animal health.
Retrospective review of veterinary medical records from 2009 to 2019 from a university-based community clinic in Mississippi.
Review of all owners who reported having animals from a household with 8 or more other animals on average, excluding animals from shelters, rescues, or veterinary practices. Across the study period, 28,446 unique encounters occurred among 8,331 unique animals and 6,440 unique owners. Indicators of care for canine and feline animals were taken from values indicated on the physical examination.
Animals were largely from single-animal households (46.9%) or households with 2 to 3 animals (35.9%). However, 2.1% of all animal cases reviewed lived in a household reported to have 8 or more animals, and 2.4% of canines and 4.3% of felines lived in a household with 8 or more animals. Increased animal ownership in the home correlated with worse health outcomes based on the health-care indicators investigated in canines and felines.
Veterinarians working in community settings are likely to encounter cases of animal hoarding and should consider collaborating with mental health practitioners if repeated incidences of negative health-care indicators occur for animals from the same household.
We demonstrate that both Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) contain regions in their 5' UTRs that stall and repress the enzymatic activity of the cellular 5'-3' ...exoribonuclease XRN1, resulting in dramatic changes in the stability of cellular mRNAs. We used biochemical assays, virus infections, and transfection of the HCV and BVDV 5' untranslated regions in the absence of other viral gene products to directly demonstrate the existence and mechanism of this novel host-virus interaction. In the context of HCV infection, we observed globally increased stability of mRNAs resulting in significant increases in abundance of normally short-lived mRNAs encoding a variety of relevant oncogenes and angiogenesis factors. These findings suggest that non-coding regions from multiple genera of the Flaviviridae interfere with XRN1 and impact post-transcriptional processes, causing global dysregulation of cellular gene expression which may promote cell growth and pathogenesis.
Objectives: We investigated (1) age of onset of hoarding disorder (HD) symptoms and diagnosis, (2) late-onset HD, (3) progression of HD symptoms, and (4) association between demographics and hoarding ...progression.
Method: Eighty-two older adults with HD provided retrospective ratings of their hoarding symptoms for each decade of life. Age of onset of symptoms (saving, difficulty discarding, and clutter) was operationalized as the first decade in which the participant reported at least minor symptom severity, and age of onset for possible HD diagnosis was operationalized as the first decade in which the participant reported all three symptoms. We used mixed effects modeling to examine the progression of HD symptoms.
Results: The median age of onset for symptoms was between 10 and 20 years, and the median age of onset for possible HD diagnosis was between 20 and 30 years. Twenty-three percent of participants reported onset of possible HD diagnosis after the age of 40. All HD symptoms increased in severity over time. Men reported higher initial clutter and a slower increase in hoarding severity for all symptoms. Increased education was associated with slower increase in saving. Having at least one parent with hoarding tendencies was associated with higher initial hoarding symptoms.
Conclusion: Generally, symptoms of HD begin relatively early and worsen across the lifespan. However, approximately one fourth of older adults with HD reported a possible onset after the age of 40.
Hoarding is a behavior that occurs across a variety of disorders, including hoarding disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. Hoarding is also a normative human behavior ...within certain contexts, including the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, when individuals became panicked about the availability of products such as toilet paper and antibacterial wipes. Previous research suggests that personality traits and personality disorder symptoms may be linked with hoarding behaviors. The purpose of this review is to provide a snapshot of recent research on hoarding and personality.
Most recent research on this topic has focused on hoarding behaviors as the action of stockpiling goods during a pandemic. Research on this area was mixed with regard to extraversion and openness but was strongly suggestive of a link between stockpiling behaviors and increased neuroticism. Hoarding in the context of OCD was linked with lower levels of both extraversion and conscientiousness. Patients with hoarding disorder almost universally have clinically elevated levels of personality disorder traits.
The directions of observed associations between five-factor model personality traits and hoarding behaviors differ across diagnostic and geographic contexts. Additional research is needed with participants who meet diagnostic criteria for hoarding disorder.
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