The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring attitudes toward women’s working. In line with this main purpose, two studies were conducted to develop the tool and investigate its ...psychometric properties in two different samples. The study 1 started with generating item pool, conducting exploratory factor analysis to identify underlying factor structure of the latent variable. In study 1 after testing the structure of measure, a brief 9-item, tri-factor scale for the assessment of attitudes toward women’s working was emerged. The study 2 utilized a different sample. In study 2, it was aimed to examine model fit, test measurement invariance acroos gender and investigate reliability. Validity and reliability of the scale indicated that the attitude toward women’s working scale (ATWWS) had satisfactory psychometric properties. In study 2, configural and metric invariances of the ATWWS were supported for females and males.
The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring attitudes toward women’s working. In line with this main purpose, two studies were conducted to develop the tool and investigate its psychometric properties in two different samples. The study 1 started with generating item pool, conducting exploratory factor analysis to identify underlying factor structure of the latent variable. In study 1 after testing the structure of measure, a brief 9-item, tri-factor scale for the assessment of attitudes toward women’s working was emerged. The study 2 utilized a different sample. In study 2, it was aimed to examine model fit, test measurement invariance acroos gender and investigate reliability. Validity and reliability of the scale indicated that the attitude toward women’s working scale (ATWWS) had satisfactory psychometric properties. In study 2, configural and metric invariances of the ATWWS were supported for females and males.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the measurement invariance in the Turkish version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale according to gender among university students. A convenience sample ...of 312 university students (194 females) was participated in the study. Multi-group confirmatory factorial analyses were performed to examine the measurement invariance. The results showed a first-order one-factor solution fitted to the Turkish sample. The findings revealed that the configural and metric invariances were achieved with respect to gender. However, scalar invariance could not be reached across gender. When constrained the parameter of item four across gender, then partial scalar invariance was achieved. Ongoing analysis showed that strict invariance was achieved across gender. Establishing at least partial scalar invariance is important in that it permits comparison of latent means between subgroups. Understanding how satisfaction with life differs depending on gender and culture in the context of psychological well-being could lead a deeper conceptualization of this attribute. Moreover, this study emphasizes that valid inferences are only possible with well-developed psychometric tools.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the measurement invariance in the Turkish version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale according to gender among university students. A convenience sample of 312 university students (194 females) was participated in the study. Multi-group confirmatory factorial analyses were performed to examine the measurement invariance. The results showed a first-order one-factor solution fitted to the Turkish sample. The findings revealed that the configural and metric invariances were achieved with respect to gender. However, scalar invariance could not be reached across gender. When constrained the parameter of item four across gender, then partial scalar invariance was achieved. Ongoing analysis showed that strict invariance was achieved across gender. Establishing at least partial scalar invariance is important in that it permits comparison of latent means between subgroups. Understanding how satisfaction with life differs depending on gender and culture in the context of psychological well-being could lead a deeper conceptualization of this attribute. Moreover, this study emphasizes that valid inferences are only possible with well-developed psychometric tools.
Purpose: This study reports on the development, validation and measurement invariance of the Multicultural Competency Scale (MCS) for pre-service teachers. Research Methods: Data from 640 pre-service ...teachers were collected for two studies. After data screening procedures 628 responses were left. The data were divided into two sets for exploratory factor (n1=314) and confirmatory factor analysis (n2=314) using a random split half method in SPSS. Findings: According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, a 14-item, three-factor solution came out: awareness, skill and knowledge. Awareness subscale aims to measure the teacher's awareness of his or her own cultural affiliation. Knowledge subscale attempts to measure the teacher's willingness to learn about diverse cultures. Skill subscale intends to measures the teacher's competence to organize and adapt the educational environment and materials according to the multicultural class. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the three-factor oblique model was a good fit to the data. The subscales of the MCS demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Measurement invariance tests revealed that full configural, metric, scalar invariance and partial strict invariance were achieved across gender. Implications for Research and Practice: Validity and reliability analysis of the scale suggest that the MCS-14 has satisfactory psychometric features. Thus, the MCS can be utilized to diagnose pre-service teachers' multicultural competency and to investigate changes in their strengths and weaknesses in multicultural competency during the training. The MCS enables pre-service teachers to self-assess and to recognize their position of multicultural competence. The MCS also allows researchers to predict teachers' future success in diverse classrooms.
Preschool years constitute a vital developmental period during which foundations of later development are formed. It is during this period that essential developments such as establishing attachment ...bonds, forming a basic sense of autonomy and sense of self (ego), language acquisition and attaining life and social skills. Studies in developmental psychology and in a variety of other disciplines have established that the optimal growth at this stage will prepare the child for later developmental tasks and challenges. For a great part of human history care and education of children at this period was done by extended family and the immediate local community. However, as demands of recent centuries and decades have necessitated longer and more intensive periods of formal schooling, preparation of preschool children for later development has evolved accordingly. Therefore, preschool education has been added to traditional family education and socialization of children. The accumulated literature and experience in preschool education has reached to a point where not only the classroom learning experiences but also the surrounding school and neighborhood settings have been receiving attention. One of the significant aspects of these contextual factors has been the playground. A growing body of research has addressed importance of incorporating the playground into educational activities for preschool children. Studies focusing on the playground activities for preschool in Turkey have been limited. Therefore, this study aimed at examining preschool teachers’ use of playground. Fifty-four preschool teachers from three different cities were recruited for this qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant. Results of the study showed that although the preschool teachers reported overall positive attitudes toward educational use of the playground, they underutilized the playground due to concerns about children’s safety and a lack of equipment and quality playground arrangements. Furthermore, they reported playing certain typically outdoors games indoors for these reasons. Results, limitations of the study and implications the results for both educations and researchers were discussed.
Problem Statement: Enormous changes over the last decades have led to evolving roles of schools, teachers and education itself. This new era of a knowledge society has broadened boundaries of ...schools, education and learning. Thus, the variables involved in education demand exploration. One of the essential components of education is the teacher. Various characteristics of teachers have been examined. In recent years, teachers' values have been one of the topics explored by educational researchers. Problem Statement: Enormous changes over the last decades have led to evolving roles of schools, teachers and education itself. This new era of a knowledge society has broadened boundaries of schools, education and learning. Thus, the variables involved in education demand exploration. One of the essential components of education is the teacher. Various characteristics of teachers have been examined. In recent years, teachers' values have been one of the topics explored by educational researchers. Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study was to examine candidate teachers' values in a knowledge society and to determine whether their scores on values types differed according to a set of independent variables. Method: Participants in this study were 192 students at Nigde University, Education Faculty. The sample consisted of 108 females (56.3%) and 84 males (43.8%). The Value Scale was used to measure value orientation of the participants. Data were collected using the "Values Scale." This self-report instrument consists of 38 items scored on a five-point Likert scale. The Values Scale has three sub-scales. Traditional, universal and hedonistic values subscales were determined based on a review of the literature related to values in a knowledge society. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22. Findings: The findings showed that candidate teachers had high scores on traditional, universal and hedonistic values. Results showed significant gender difference in scores on traditional and hedonistic values. Significant differences in traditional values were found according to candidate teachers' place of longest residence. Candidate teachers' scores on value subscales differed according to whether or not they were involved in political activism. Candidate teachers' scores on traditional, universal and hedonistic values did not differ significantly according to the other independent variables applied in the study. Conclusion and Recommendations: Overall, the findings of this study were unique. Therefore, more work with diverse populations and assessment instruments is required in order to further clarify relationships between candidate teachers' values and a variety of independent variables.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between high school students' goal orientations, and their gender, grade level and parents' level of education. Data were collected from ...266 high school students in Turkey during the Spring semester of 2011-2012. A multiple-goal perspective with approach and avoidance dimensions was considered. Goal orientations of learning-approach (LPGO), learning-avoidance (LVGO), performance-approach (PPGO), and performance-avoidance (PVGO) were measured using the 2x2 Achievement Goal Orientation Scale developed by Akin in 2006. A series of multivariate ANOVAs and univariate F-tests were conducted with gender, grade level and parental level of education as independent variables, and with LPGO, LVGO, PPGO, and PVGO as dependent variables. Findings showed that there were significant differences on gender and grade level, but no significant associations between the scale scores and parental level of education. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
As a country striving toward economic and technological development, having remarkable number of school age children, in need of improving it's science and mathematics education-particularly given ...the disappointing PISA results, and aiming at establishing highly functional school counseling services, Turkey will greatly benefit from studies exploring student variables associated with their success in various subject areas. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine as to which motivation and learning strategies high school students use for mathematics courses predict their achievement level in the respective courses. A convenient sample of 440 high school students attending to two public high schools in the Altindag District of Ankara, Turkey during the academic year of 2010-2011. A Personal Information Form and Motivation and Learning Strategies Scale were used for data collection. Step-wise regression analysis was used as the data analytic procedure. Results showed that factors such as task value (M), time/study environment (LS), self-efficacy (M), extrinsic goal orientation (LS), test anxiety (M), peer learning (LS) and organization (LS) significantly predicted students' mathematics achievement. Some factors of motivation and learning strategies significantly predict students' achievement levels in mathematics according to gender. Different factors of motivation and learning strategies significantly predicted students' achievement levels in mathematics for each grade level. Results, limitations of the study, implications for school counseling services, mathematics education and future research were discussed. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Bu araştırmanın amacı,
çocukların açık alanda oyun oynamaya yönelik tutumlarının belirlendiği yeni bir
ölçme aracı olan açık alanda oyuna yönelik tutum (AAOT) ölçeğini Türkçe’ye uyarlamak ve ...psikometrik özelliklerini
incelemek olarak ortaya konmuştur. AAOT ölçeği, 9-13 yaş çocukların açık alanda
oynamaya yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirildiği 12 madde ve iki alt ölçekten
oluşan dörtlü Likert tipinde bir
araçtır. Aracın Türk kültürüne uygunluğu ve dilsel eşdeğerliği
değerlendirildikten sonra uygulama yapılmıştır. Özgün örneklem grubunun yaş
özellikleri göz önüne alarak 9–13 yaş arası (4.–7. sınıf) 521 öğrenciye
uygulama yapılmıştır. Türkiye örnekleminde 12 maddelik AAOT ölçeği, toplam
varyansın %54.46’sını açıklayan üç faktörlü bir yapı göstermiştir. Bu üç
faktörlü modelin gerçek verilere uyumu doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile
değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular incelendiğinde üç faktörlü yapının model uyum
indekslerinin iyi düzeyde olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Açık alanda oyunun
faydalarına ilişkin alt ölçek dört maddeden (α=.70), açık alanda
yapılandırılmamış oyuna ilişkin alt ölçek üç maddeden (α=.67) ve açık alanda
oyun oynamaya yönelik korkular alt ölçeği beş maddeden (α=.81) oluşmaktadır.
Her bir alt ölçekteki madde sayılarının azlığı dikkate alındığında iç tutarlık
katsayıları kabul edilebilir düzeydedir. Sonuç olarak, AAOT ölçeğinin Türkiye
örnekleminde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu
belirlenmiştir.
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