Rapid advances in mobile technologies and devices have made mobile banking increasingly important in mobile commerce and financial services. Using innovation diffusion theory and knowledge-based ...trust literature, this study develops a research model to examine the effect of innovation attributes (perceived relative advantage, ease of use and compatibility) and knowledge-based trust (perceived competence, benevolence and integrity) on attitude and behavioral intention about adopting (or continuing to use) mobile banking across potential and repeat customers. Based on a survey of 368 participants (177 for potential customers and 191 for repeat customers), this study uses a structural equation modeling approach to investigate the research model. The results indicate that perceived relative advantage, ease of use, compatibility, competence and integrity significantly influence attitude, which in turn lead to behavioral intention to adopt (or continue-to-use) mobile banking. Additionally, by using multi-group analysis with
t-statistics, the results found that the antecedents of attitude toward mobile banking differ between potential and repeat customers. The implications for research and practice and future research directions are discussed.
Based on the technological innovation literature and technology–organization–environment framework, this study develops a research model to investigate the determinants of electronic supply chain ...management system (e-SCM) adoption across non-adopters and adopters. The research model examines the influence of technological context (perceived benefits and perceived costs), organizational context (firm size, top management support, and absorptive capacity), and environmental context (trading partners and competitive advantage) on e-SCM adoption. Data gathered from 283 IS managers (127 for non-adopters and 156 for adopters) in large Taiwanese firms were employed to test the relationships between the research model constructs using the logistic regression analysis. The results reveal that firms with certain perceived benefits, perceived costs, top management support, absorptive capacity, and competitive pressure are more likely to adopt e-SCM. While technological context is a major determinant of the decision to adopt, it has no direct effect on the extent of e-SCM adoption. The extent of e-SCM adoption is mainly determined by organizational and environmental contexts. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
•Develops a research model to investigate the determinants of e-SCM adoption across non-adopters and adopters•Data was gathered from 283 IS managers in large Taiwanese firms.•Technological context is a major determinant of the decision to adopt e-SCM.•The extent of e-SCM adoption is mainly determined by organizational and environmental contexts.
Numerous scholars and practitioners claim that motivational factors can facilitate successful knowledge sharing. However, little empirical research has been conducted examining the different kinds of ...motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) used to explain employee knowledge sharing behaviors. By integrating a motivational perspective into the theory of reasoned action (TRA), this study examines the role of both extrinsic (expected organizational rewards and reciprocal benefits) and intrinsic (knowledge self-efficacy and enjoyment in helping others) motivators in explaining employee knowledge sharing intentions. Based on a survey of 172 employees from 50 large organizations in Taiwan, this study applies the structural equation modeling approach to investigate the research model. The results showed that motivational factors such as reciprocal benefits, knowledge self-efficacy, and enjoyment in helping others were significantly associated with employee knowledge sharing attitudes and intentions. However, expected organizational rewards did not significantly influence employee attitudes and behavior intentions regarding knowledge sharing. Implications for organizations are discussed.
The new and rapid advancement in the complexity of biologics drug discovery has been driven by a deeper understanding of biological systems combined with innovative new therapeutic modalities, paving ...the way to breakthrough therapies for previously intractable diseases. These exciting times in biomedical innovation require the development of novel technologies to facilitate the sophisticated, multifaceted, high‐paced workflows necessary to support modern large molecule drug discovery. A high‐level aspiration is a true integration of “lab‐on‐a‐chip” methods that vastly miniaturize cellulmical experiments could transform the speed, cost, and success of multiple workstreams in biologics development. Several microscale bioprocess technologies have been established that incrementally address these needs, yet each is inflexibly designed for a very specific process thus limiting an integrated holistic application. A more fully integrated nanoscale approach that incorporates manipulation, culture, analytics, and traceable digital record keeping of thousands of single cells in a relevant nanoenvironment would be a transformative technology capable of keeping pace with today's rapid and complex drug discovery demands. The recent advent of optical manipulation of cells using light‐induced electrokinetics with micro‐ and nanoscale cell culture is poised to revolutionize both fundamental and applied biological research. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art for optical manipulation techniques and discuss emerging biological applications of this technology. In particular, we focus on promising prospects for drug discovery workflows, including antibody discovery, bioassay development, antibody engineering, and cell line development, which are enabled by the automation and industrialization of an integrated optoelectronic single‐cell manipulation and culture platform. Continued development of such platforms will be well positioned to overcome many of the challenges currently associated with fragmented, low‐throughput bioprocess workflows in biopharma and life science research.
The promise of ‘lab‐on‐a‐chip’ technology has been slow to mature towards industrial applications, but the promise remains the same: miniaturization of basic cellular‐manipulations should lead to faster and more efficient discovery, requiring less reagent and effort due to enhanced sensitivities. The nanofluidic‐optoelectronic platform technology, discussed by Jorgolli et al., overcomes such limitations through the capability to maintain physiologically‐relevant culture environments of thousands of cells while performing numerous types of sensitive assays all under reproducible computer control, otherwise known as “digital‐cell‐biology”.
Purpose - The study sets out to examine the influence of individual factors (enjoyment in helping others and knowledge self-efficacy), organizational factors (top management support and ...organizational rewards) and technology factors (information and communication technology use) on knowledge sharing processes and whether more leads to superior firm innovation capability. Design methodology approach - Based on a survey of 172 employees from 50 large organizations in Taiwan, this study applies the structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the research model. Findings - The results show that two individual factors (enjoyment in helping others and knowledge self-efficacy) and one of the organizational factors (top management support) significantly influence knowledge-sharing processes. The results also indicate that employee willingness to both donate and collect knowledge enable the firm to improve innovation capability. Research limitations implications - Future research can examine how personal traits (such as age, level of education, and working experiences) and organizational characteristics (such as firm size and industry type) may moderate the relationships between knowledge enablers and processes. Practical implications - From a practical perspective, the relationships among knowledge-sharing enablers, processes, and firm innovation capability may provide a clue regarding how firms can promote knowledge-sharing culture to sustain their innovation performance. Originality value - The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis, and simultaneously can be used to analyze relationships among knowledge-sharing factors, including enablers, processes, and firm innovation capability. From a managerial perspective, this study identified several factors essential to successful knowledge sharing, and discussed the implications of these factors for developing organizational strategies that encourage and foster knowledge sharing.
When plants are subjected to high metal exposure, different plant species take different strategies in response to metal-induced stress. Largely, plants can be distinguished in four groups: ...metal-sensitive species, metal-resistant excluder species, metal-tolerant non-hyperaccumulator species, and metal-hypertolerant hyperaccumulator species, each having different molecular mechanisms to accomplish their resistance/tolerance to metal stress or reduce the negative consequences of metal toxicity. Plant responses to heavy metals are molecularly regulated in a process called metal homeostasis, which also includes regulation of the metal-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathway. ROS generation and signaling plays an important duel role in heavy metal detoxification and tolerance. In this review, we will compare the different molecular mechanisms of nutritional (Zn) and non-nutritional (Cd) metal homeostasis between metal-sensitive and metal-adapted species. We will also include the role of metal-induced ROS signal transduction in this comparison, with the aim to provide a comprehensive overview on how plants cope with Zn/Cd stress at the molecular level.
The Fenton system in the presence of nitrilotriacetate (NTA) ligand is studied by DFT approach. The calculations show that complexation of Fe(II) with NTA significantly facilitates the H2O2 ...activation. The ferric‐hydroperoxo intermediate NTAFe(III)OOH predominantly decays via the disproportionation into NTAFe(II)OH2 and NTAFe(IV)O involving the formation of a μ‐1,2‐hydroperoxo‐bridged biferric intermediate. In this mechanism, the bridged hydroperoxo is reduced by hydroperoxo ligand rather than by Fe(III). On the one hand, the NTAFe(III)OOH is sluggish to undergo hydrogen ion; on the other hand, it is a good nucleophile that may perform aldehyde deformylation. The present calculations suggest that both ˙OH and Fe(IV)O are generated in the NTA‐assisted Fenton system. However, the polycarboxylate ligand provides a favorable environment for H2O2 to accumulate around iron ion through hydrogen bonding. This promotes the quenching of Fe(IV)O by H2O2, rationalizing why the Fe(IV)O species is hardly detected in the NTA‐assisted Fenton system.
The NTA/Fe/H2O2 Fenton system has been investigated by DFT calculations. The FeIII/FeII recycling is accomplished by the disproportionation of FeIIIOOH into FeIIOH2 and FeIVO via the formation of μ‐1,2‐hydroperoxo‐bridged biferric intermediate. Although both ˙OH and FeIVO are generated, the polycarboxylate environment results in accumulation of H2O2 around iron ion and thus promotes the quenching of FeIVO by H2O2.
Photovoltaic (PV) technology has the potential to be integrated on many surfaces in various environments, even on water. Modeling, design, and realization of a floating PV system have more challenges ...than conventional rooftop or freestanding PV system. In this work, we introduce two innovative concepts for floating bifacial PV systems, describing their modeling, design, and performance monitoring. The developed concepts are retractable and enable maximum energy production through tracking the Sun. Various floating PV systems (monofacial, bifacial with and without reflectors) with different tilts and tracking capabilities are installed on a Dutch pond and are being monitored. Results of the thermal study showed that partially soaking the frame of PV modules into water does not bring a considerable additional yield (+0.17%) and revealed that floating PV modules experience higher temperature special variance compared with land‐based systems. Observations showed that the birds' presence has a severe effect on floating PV performance in the short term. Electrical yield investigation concluded that due to low albedo of inland water areas (~6.5%), bifacial PV systems must have reflectors. One‐year monitoring showed that a bifacial PV system with reflector and horizontal tracking delivers ~17.3% more specific yield (up to 29% in a clear‐sky month) compared with a monofacial PV system installed on land. Ecological monitoring showed no discernable impacts on the water quality in weekly samplings but did show significant impacts on the aquatic plant biomass and periods of low oxygen concentrations.
We introduced two novel floating PV concepts for inland water areas: the retractable and the tumbler island. They enable mowing activities and can accommodate bifacial PV modules equipped with reflectors and horizontal sun tracking. Result revealed low water albedo, negligible energy gain by module frame water soaking, high thermal spatial variance, short‐term birds' presence effect, less biomass and more hypoxia under floating structures, and +17.3% more yield for limited angle horizontal tracking bifacial floating PV with reflectors compared with reference land‐based system.
Management innovation facilitates changes including technical innovation thus improving organizational performance; Chinese firms typically adopt these management innovations. Building on previous ...research of how and why management innovation occurs, this study measures the influence of four dynamic capabilities on four stages of the innovation process. The study surveys 264 Chinese firms and analyzes results through PLS-SEM. The findings indicate that relational capability facilitates sensing capability, absorptive capacity, and integrative capability. Further, all of these dynamic capabilities affect stages of the adoptive management innovation process; from initiation through to implementation. As innovation results can be intangible and lagging, and consequently difficult to measure, the method offers managers an alternative by monitoring the effects of different capabilities at each stage of the adoptive management innovation process.
•This study shows how dynamic capabilities affect management innovation with a new scale.•The study operationalizes four dynamic capabilities and four phases of adoptive management innovation.•The study measures adoptive management innovation as a process.•The study describes the fundamental role of relational capability in innovation.•The study describes adoptive management innovations in 264 Chinese firms.
Objective
We use a family systems approach to examine how stepfamily structure is associated with both positive and negative parent–child relationships while considering mothers' and fathers' ...discrepant reports.
Background
Two in five older couples with children are in stepfamilies. Past research on later‐life stepfamily dynamics has focused mainly on positive aspects of relationships and compared reports of mothers and fathers from different families.
Method
Using the U.S. Health and Retirement Study, we estimated multilevel models with data from married couples in which both spouses reported living children and answered all questions about positive and negative parent–child relationships (N = 2150).
Results
Couples in stepfamilies reported less positive and more negative relationships with their children than did couples in non‐stepfamilies. Mothers reported more positive relationships than fathers, but there was no gender difference in reports of negative relationships. The patterns of perceived parent–child relationships and divergent reports between mothers and fathers also varied by stepfamily structure. Structural complexity was not consistently related to positive or negative relationships.
Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of considering mothers' and fathers' different points of view in the same family and examining both positive and negative parent–child interactions as negative relationships are not merely the reverse of positive relationships.
PDF
