Resumo: Este artigo foi escrito em homenagem à Cecilia Mariz por ocasião de sua aposentadoria na UERJ. Nele, recupera-se parte da produção acadêmica da homenageada, destacando-se os estudos de ...catolicismo e pentecostalismo. Foram ressaltadas algumas parcerias internacionais que Mariz realizou em sua trajetória e sua profícua contribuição para a Sociologia da Religião de matriz weberiana.
The concentration of nitrogen can generate different strategies in plants in response to stress. In this study, we investigated how nitrogen concentration interferes with the defense system of Annona ...emarginata. Low concentrations of nitrogen increased the allocation of photosynthetic resources to carbon metabolism, resulting in an increase in the synthesis of volatile substances involved in signaling and defense that contributed to antioxidant enzymes in overcoming stress. The availability of nitrogen at 5.62 mM concentration might have helped to induce increased resistance in the plants because at this concentration, signaling substances and defense substances (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) were observed. Plants cultivated with the highest nitrate concentration displaced energy for the reduction of this ion, likely forming nitric oxide, a signaling molecule. This condition, together with the decrease in carbon skeletons, may have contributed to the lower synthesis of volatile substances of the specialized metabolism that are also involved with signaling. Varying the nitrogen in Annona emarginata cultivation revealed that depending on the concentration, volatile substances show higher or lower synthesis and participation in the system of signaling and defense in the plant. These results may suggest that volatile substances participate in resistance to pests and diseases, which is a necessary condition for Annona emarginata to be preferentially used as rootstock for Annona x atemoya.
Nas últimas duas décadas têm crescido o número de pessoas que se declaram sem religião. Quando são analisados os diversos segmentos sociais a partir de bases censitárias, é entre a juventude que se ...encontram os maiores índices dos que assumem essa autoidentidade. O fenômeno da desinstitucionalização religiosa passou a ser mais estudado a partir do penúltimo censo brasileiro realizado em 2000, que totalizou 7,4% da população brasileira declarando-se sem religião, o que representou um crescimento de aproximadamente 3% em uma década. Em 2010, os sem religião na população brasileira passaram a ser 8%, mas entre os jovens com idade entre 15 a 29 anos esse número chega a 10,1%. Este artigo objetiva compreender a trajetória de três jovens brasileiros sem religião, ex evangélicos residentes em regiões periféricas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, onde predominam as igrejas evangélicas de corte pentecostal e neopentecostal. Discute-se o processo de construção da identidade juvenil cuja dinâmica rejeita a religião institucionalizada, e analisam-se as percepções desses jovens sobre tal processo.Palavras-chave: Juventude sem religião. Ateísmo. Agnosticismo. Desinstitucionalização.
Malnutrition in patients with colorectal cancer contributes to increased postoperative complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of several nutritional assessment ...parameters: body mass index versus percentage of weight loss grading system (BMI/%WL); Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA); standardized phase angle (SPA) by BIA; muscle strength by handgrip strength; muscle mass by computerized tomography; and the combination of muscle mass and strength in patients undergoing resection surgery.
Patients diagnosed with cancer of the colon or rectum, who were over 18 years old and were scheduled to undergo surgical treatment were invited to participate. Postoperative complications were assessed from the first day post-surgery until discharge. Complications classified as Grade II or above according to the Clavien–Dindo classification were considered. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, bivariate analysis, Poisson regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were utilized and p < 0.05 was considered significant.
84 patients were evaluated, with 28 (33.3%) presenting with Grade II postoperative complications. SPA showed no association with postoperative complications (p = 0.199). In multivariate analysis, low skeletal muscle mass showed a relative risk (RR) of 1.80 (CI: 1.02–3.17), BMI/%WL equal or higher than grade 3 had a RR of 1.90 (95% CI: 1.22–3.39). PG-SGA classified as malnutrition showed a RR of 2.08 (95% CI: 1.06–4.06); and low muscle mass plus low muscle strength showed a RR 2.13 (95% CI: 1.23–3.69). Low strength alone was not associated with postoperative complications after controlling for confounding factors (p = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.83–2.77). Low muscle mass in combination with low strength showed the highest predictive power for postoperative complications (AUC: 0.68; CI: 0.56–0.80).
BMI/%WL > grade 3, PG-SGA defined malnutrition, low muscle mass and low muscle mass plus low strength were independent risk factors for complications controlling for confounding factors. However, low muscle mass in combination with low muscle strength were the strongest variables associated with complications.
NCT02901132 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Passiflora incarnata L. is a species of global pharmacological importance, has not been fully studied in the context of cultivation and management. It is known that silicon acts on abiotic stress and ...promotes phenols synthesis. The practice of mechanical damage is widely used in P. incarnata crops, and its interaction with silicon can have a significant influence on plant metabolism. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the effects of silicon and mechanical damage on photosynthesis, polyphenols and vitexin of P. incarnata. The experiment was conducted in a factorial design with SiO
concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3 mM) and presence or absence of mechanical damage. It was found that mechanical damage improved photosynthetic performance at lower concentrations or absence of silicon. Moreover, this condition promoted an increasing in vitexin concentration when SiO
was not provided. The application of 3 mM Si is recommended to increase polyphenols and vitexin, without harming dry mass of aerial part. The interaction between silicon and mechanical damage could be a tool to increase agronomic yield and commercial value of the P. incarnata crop.
The current climate change setting necessitates the development of methods to mitigate the effects of water scarcity to ensure the sustainability of agricultural activities.f Hydrogen peroxide (H
O
) ...is a plant signaling molecule that can trigger metabolic defense mechanisms in response to adverse environmental circumstances like as drought. The purpose of this study was to investigate if foliar application of H
O
stimulates modifications in photosynthetic metabolism for adaptation of tomato plants to a period of water deficit and recovery. The study, which was carried out in a factorial scheme, tested plants subjected to two water conditions (well-watered plants and plants subjected to water deficit), as well as foliar application of 1 mM H
O
(zero, one, or two applications, 24 h after the first), and was evaluated in two moments, during the deficit period and after recovery. Foliar application of 1 mM H
O
resulted in a 69% increase in the maximum rate of RuBisCO carboxylation in well-watered plants, contributing to tomato photosynthetic adjustment. H
O
treatment resulted in a 37% increase in dry mass in these plants. In plants subjected to water deficiency, 2× H
O
increased stress tolerance by reducing the maximal rate of RuBisCO carboxylation by only 18%, but in plants that did not receive H
O
treatment, the reduction was 86% in comparison to the wet plants. Plants exposed to a water shortage and given 2× H
O
stored sucrose in the leaves and had a 17% higher relative water content than plants not given H
O
. Thus, H
O
foliar treatment can be used in tomato management to induce drought tolerance or to boost photosynthetic activity and dry mass formation in well-watered plants.
The stereoselective reduction of imines with trichlorosilane catalyzed by chiral Lewis bases is a well-established procedure for the synthesis of enantio-enriched amines. Five supported ...cinchona-based picolinamides have been prepared and their activity tested in a model reaction. The comparison of different supporting materials revealed that polystyrene gave better results than silica in terms of stereoselectivity. The applicability of the solid-supported catalyst of choice to the reduction of different imines was also demonstrated. Additionally, for the first time, a catalytic reactor containing a polymer-immobilized chiral picolinamide has been employed for the stereoselective reduction of imines with trichlorosilane under continuous flow conditions.
The aim of this study is to analyze the role of individual characteristics and social norms as variables that explain early-stage entrepreneurial activity before and during the European crisis. We ...used the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Adult Population Survey data from Southern European countries (Greece, Spain, Italy and Portugal) and Northern European countries (Sweden, Norway and Finland) in 2007, 2010, 2012 and 2013. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify the role of individual characteristics (self-efficacy, perceptions of opportunities, role model and risk perceptions) and social norms (desirable career choice, status and respect and public media) on the early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA). Results show that individual characteristics are the most important predictor of entrepreneurial activity, and this effect stays stable throughout the time of the crisis; and social norms have an absent or low effect on entrepreneurial activity, with slight fluctuations during the crisis. These results highlight the role of individual predictors on the entrepreneurial activity despite the macroeconomic environment, which empathizes the importance of education and training to promote the entrepreneurial mindset and attitude.
kit (DiaPath S.p.A.) offers a major advantage compared to other commercially available kits available for the screening of cervical cancer, as it does not require additional equipment for sample ...processing. Using this methodology, collected epithelial cells are immersed in a preservative liquid before setting as a thin layer on a slide via gravity sedimentation.
To evaluate the suitability of the
kit for the processing of cervical samples, detection of pre-neoplastic lesions, and nucleic preservation and extraction for HR-HPV diagnosis.
A total of 242 self-sampled cervical specimens were utilized, with 192 collected in
vials and 50 collected and processed using the
for comparative analysis. The samples underwent processing, Papanicolaou staining, and microscopic evaluation for morphological parameters. The extracted nucleic acids were assessed for purity and integrity, and the detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) was carried out using the Alinity
HR HPV system kit (Abbott Laboratórios Lda).
Both methods demonstrated effective performance, enabling the morphological assessment of the cervical epithelium. Statistical analysis indicated that
yielded significantly better results in terms of cellularity. Conversely,
exhibited superior performance in terms of the quantity of extracted DNA and its degree of purification. Concerning the time consumed during processing, both methods were comparable, with the
methodology standing out for its cost-effectiveness, as it does not necessitate additional instruments and consumables.
The novel
methodology proves effective in preserving both nucleic acids and cell morphology characteristics, two crucial features for cervical cancer screening.
Abstract Objective The association between nutritional status and inflammation was assessed in patients with colorectal cancer and to verify their association with complications during anticancer ...treatment. The agreement between the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and different nutritional assessment methods was also evaluated. Methods A cross-sectional, prospective, and descriptive study was performed. The nutritional status was defined by the SGA and the severity of inflammation was defined by the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS). The complications were classified using the Common Toxicity Criteria, version 3. Anthropometric measurements such as body mass index, triceps skinfold, midarm circumference, midarm muscle area, and adductor pollicis muscle thickness were also performed, as were handgrip strength and phase angle. The chi-square test, Fisher exact test, Spearman correlation coefficient, independent t test, analysis of variance, Gabriel test, and κ index were used for the statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Seventy patients with colorectal cancer (60.4 ± 14.3 y old) were included. The nutritional status according to the SGA was associated with the GPS ( P < 0.05), but the SGA and GPS were not related to the presence of complications. When comparing the different nutritional assessment methods with the SGA, there were statistically significant differences. Conclusion Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with colorectal cancer. The nutritional status was associated with the GPS.
PDF
