Reducing the use of antibiotics is one of the largest challenges for pig production. The scientific community has investigated numerous alternative substances to antibiotics, including medium-chain ...fatty acids, due to their antimicrobial and protective effects on the gut health of piglets. The present study investigated the effect of lauric acid saponified with calcium (C12-Ca) on the growth performance and gut health parameters in post-weaning piglets. A total of 192 24-day-old piglets were assigned to one of three dietary treatments: CTR (basal diet alone), ANT (amoxicillin, 400 mg/kg) as a positive control diet, or C12-Ca (1 g/kg) for 28 days. C12-Ca did not affect performance, except for feed efficiency (FE), which increased (p < .05) in the C12-Ca and ANT groups from 15 to 28 days. On days 0 to 28, FE was higher (p < .001) in the C12-Ca group than in the CTR group. In the C12-Ca and CTR groups, antibiotic treatments against diarrhoea were reduced. A greater concentration of lactic acid was found in the small intestine in the C12-Ca group and the acetic acid concentration in the caecum decreased under C12-Ca treatment (p < .001). No differences in IL-10, IL-6, IgA, and IgG were found in faecal samples. In the duodenum and ileum, C12-Ca administration provided a higher total antioxidant capacity and lower malondialdehyde level (p < .001). C12-Ca improved the ileal villus height and width (p < .001). Our findings suggest that C12-Ca administration ameliorates the indices of intestinal function and gut health in weaned piglets.
Highlights
Reducing the use of antibiotics is one of the largest challenges for pig production.
Medium-chain fatty acids are important alternative substances to antibiotics.
Lauric acid saponified with calcium represents a promising nutritional strategy for improving piglet gut health.
Gli strumenti fiscali per promuovere forme di turismo più sostenibili possono ricevere un nuovo impulso dalle nuove tecnologie, favorendo la sperimentazione di modelli incentrati non soltanto a ...reperire gettito, ma anche a valorizzare il cliente quale fruitore di servizi e finanziatore consapevole e partecipe. Fiscal instruments to promote more sustainable forms of tourism can receive a new impetus from new technologies, favouring the experimentation of models focused not only on raising revenue, but also on enhancing the value of the customer as a user of services and as a conscious and participating financier. La forma di governo italiana e quella della Quarta Repubblica francese sono state più volte messe a confronto. I due Paesi sperimentano, infatti, le medesime preoccupazioni di fondo, fornendo ad esse le medesime soluzioni. Tuttavia, l’Italia rinuncia fin da subito ad impostare la propria forma di governo su basi monistiche, attribuendo alla presidenza della Repubblica un ruolo chiave nella gestione dei fievoli equilibri post-Seconda Guerra Mondiale. Il presidente della Repubblica italiano si trova, così, a gestire un alto tasso di conflittualità, al quale le poche razionalizzazioni incidenti sul rapporto di fiducia, da un lato, e l’assenza di una diversa legislazione elettorale, dall’altro, difficilmente possono porre rimedio. Altrimenti detto, l’Italia, a differenza della Quarta Repubblica francese, attribuisce alla propria forma di governo un’anima dualista, rimandando, al contempo, non solo una riforma sostanziale del proprio sistema politico, ma anche la percezione che ciò possa essere necessario. Several times, the form of government of Italy and the form of government of the French Fourth Republic have been compared. Indeed, Italy and the French Fourth Republic experience the same essential concerns, finding the same solutions. However, Italy gives up restarting its own form of government on monism, giving the President of the Republic a key role in the handling of the Post-World War II feeble balance. So, the Italian President of the Republic ends up handling a high rate of conflict, which a few rationalizations influencing the vote of confidence, on one side, and the lack of a different electoral legislation, on the other, could not remedy. In other words, Italy, unlike the French Fourth Republic, gives its own form of government a dualist being, postponing, at the same time, not only a substantial reform of its own political system, but also the perception that it could be necessary.
In the present work we carried out a qualitative educational research to assess the perceptions of a group of students that attended (weekly and non-mandatory) complementary classes of a physics ...course during 2017. In these classes the teaching method called peer instruction (PI) was implemented, which involves collaborative learning among students. From the students’ responses to a simple questionnaire we assessed some basic aspects of these classes from which we can conclude that, in the first place, students considered that PI had positively influenced their comprehension of physical concepts and that, secondly, they positively valued the activities performed and the dynamics of these classes. These results, which are part of a series of previous works that have been published elsewhere, are relevant in a context were active and collaborative learning strategies are practically non-existent and push us to continue and broaden the implementation of this and other active learning methods in physics courses.
En el ciclo inicial universitario, formando parte de los contenidos de Mecánica, se aborda el estudio de las ondas mecánicas transversales representándolas matemáticamente a través de una función ...armónica de dos variables. Esta función involucra parámetros característicos cuya naturaleza no es inmediata para los estudiantes. Se presenta un estudio sobre los aprendizajes logrados por parte de estudiantes que cursan carreras científico-tecnológicas acerca de los significados atribuidos a la amplitud, frecuencia, rapidez de propagación, longitud de onda y fase inicial en dicha ecuación. Además, se indagó sobre el tratamiento que se da a estos parámetros en libros de física usados frecuentemente en el ciclo inicial; se investigó si se explican adecuadamente los orígenes físicos de los mismos. Del estudio realizado se desprende, por un lado, que los estudiantes presentan dificultades en comprender fenomenológicamente al movimiento ondulatorio y en interpretar el significado físico de la constante de fase; y por otro, que no todos los autores de los libros de Mecánica analizados hacen referencia a esos parámetros de un modo explícito, y con los detalles convenientes. Se mencionan recomendaciones a los docentes para el diseño de estrategias didácticas que favorezcan en los estudiantes la comprensión del fenómeno ondulatorio y su propagación.
En este trabajo se describen y caracterizan los problemas resueltos, relativos al tema circuitos RL en corriente continua, presentes en doce libros de texto universitarios de uso habitual en la ...República Argentina. Los mismos se examinaron mediante el análisis de contenido. Los resultados obtenidos indican que en la muestra analizada, en términos generales, es deficiente la explicitación, tanto de los sistemas físicos en estudio, las hipótesis formuladas y los límites de validez de las mismas, como de las explicaciones verbalizadas. Por otro lado, la resolución mostrada de los problemas guarda escasa coherencia con el trabajo de investigación dirigida, lo cual no promovería el quehacer científico en los estudiantes. En función de estos resultados y como implicancia para la enseñanza, se deriva que es una tarea ineludible, para los docentes de Física del ciclo básico universitario, reforzar en el aula las cuestiones conceptuales que no se encuentran lo suficientemente enfatizadas en los mismos.
In Argentina, teacher education is the responsibility of two subsystems of higher education that traditionally have functioned in a disconnected manner with different scenarios, thus conditioning the ...teachers who work within them. This article describes the characteristics of the professors in charge of the initial education of physics teachers in Argentina, in terms of what they teach and the way they teach, the difficulties they have in using resources, and the need for training associated with seniority and the subsystem where teachers work. The results indicate that the various employment contexts in the institutions that train physics teachers in both subsystems, strongly condition the role of resources and the didactic strategies used. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the 6° most common cancer in men and the 8° in women in the USA. In Italy RCC incidence was 11,500 new cases in 2017, while mortality ...was 3,371 cases in 2015. Increasing evidence suggests that response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a novel treatment for advanced RCC (aRCC) and other epithelial tumors, can be influenced by the patient gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel treatment option aimed to restore healthy gut microbiota, and is the most effective therapy for recurrent C. difficile infection. Preliminary nonrandomized findings show that FMT is able to improve efficacy of ICIs in patients with advanced melanoma. The aim of this study is to evaluate, through a double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, the efficacy of targeted FMT (from donors who are responding to ICIs) in improving response rates to ICIs in subjects with aRCC. Methods: 50 patients who are about to receive, or have started by <8 weeks, pembrolizumab + axitinib as first-line therapy for aRCC will be enrolled. Exclusion criteria include major comorbidities, concomitant GI or autoimmune disorders, or HIV, HBV, HCV infection, continuative corticosteroid therapy, previous treatment with systemic immune-suppressants or immune-modulatory drugs, antibiotic therapy within 4 weeks prior to enrollment. Stool samples and clinical data will be collected at baseline. Then, patients will be randomized to donor FMT or placebo FMT. They will receive the first infusion by colonoscopy and then oral frozen fecal or placebo capsules (8 capsules t.i.d.) 90 and 180 days after the first FMT. Stool donors will be searched among long-term (>12 months) responders to ICIs, and will be selected by following protocols recommended by international guidelines. Patients in the FMT group will always receive feces from the same donor throughout the three fecal transplants. Frozen fecal batches and frozen fecal capsules will be manufactured according to international guidelines. Patients will be followed-up 7, 15, 30, 90, 180, 270, and 360 days after randomization for clinical evaluation and collection of stool samples. Patients will also undergo radiological assessment at 90, 180, 270 and 360 days after randomization. Microbiome analysis will be performed with shotgun metagenomics. The primary endpoint is the progression-free survival (PFS) at 12 months. Secondary endpoints are: objective response rate at 12 months; overall survival at 12 months; adverse events after FMT; microbiome changes after FMT. Sample size calculation was based on the hypothesis that FMT can improve the 1-year PFS rate from 60% (reported 1-year PFS for SOC) to 80% wen associated to SOC. Clinical trial information: NCT04758507.
Stone-built Cultural Heritage is subjected to decay in urban environment over the centuries, due to surface interaction and reaction with natural atmospheric agents and, particularly in the last ...centuries, air pollutants. The Short wave Infrared (SWIR) characterisation of stone surface through portable instruments is attracting increasing interest in the field of Cultural Heritage. In this study, SWIR hyperspectral investigation of carbonate rocks, undergoing acid attack under laboratory conditions was performed with the aim of providing useful quantitative information on the degree of sulfation of the surfaces of carbonate stone. Six marble and six travertine specimens were attacked by aqueous solutions of H2SO4 at variable acid concentrations leading to the formation of gypsum. The reacted surfaces of stones were then investigated by a portable SWIR spectroradiometer. The resulting spectra were thus modelled through a full profile approach, in order to obtain a reliable and efficient fitting procedure. Thus, the SWIR characterisation of sulfated carbonate surfaces seems to be a promising, ready-to-use technique for monitoring the conservation state of carbonate stone monuments (e.g. facades, statues). This method could provide valuable support both for restoration practices and for continuous monitoring of stone alteration over time, when assessing the best strategy of intervention and conservation against sulfation processes of historical buildings.
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