Using a uniform methodology, we explored cartographic elements on almost sixty medium-scale maps showing Slovenian territory from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries. One of the elements examined ...was also borders, which are very fragmented due to the great landscape diversity of Slovenia. We were interested in how borders in different periods follow the natural boundaries of the landscape and how they are cartographically represented. Lines and shapes were mostly used to display the borders. Shaded areas are more common. They are usually colored or patterned. Lines are more effective. Typically, there are different types, varying in shape, thickness, and color. Only a dozen of the maps examined lack borders. Two-thirds of the maps highlight the borders with a color.
The book ('Historical cartography of Slovenian territory') presents the history of cartographic development in Europe and Slovenian territory with a special emphasis on a uniform methodology of ...studying old maps. The introduction provides definitions of the basic cartographic terminology and discusses the importance of maps, their study, and the development of European cartography from its beginnings to the twentieth century. This is followed by a presentation of cartographic elements and their classification into five basic groups (i.e., natural, built, mathematical, and explanatory elements plus geographical names), and an analysis of their historical development. The main part of the volume presents the methodology for studying cartographic elements and the results of an analysis of fifty-eight medium-scale maps of what is now Slovenia from the mid-sixteenth century to the end of the nineteenth century. A list of basic information on the most important maps of Slovenian territory is added at the end as an appendix. Maps can serve as the basis for exploring and studying landscapes and their processes. Old maps provide original information and are thus considered primary historical sources. The methodology used in this volume makes it possible to study these primary sources in a uniform manner across longer time periods.
This article presents a new methodology for analyzing old maps that was used to identify and interpret cartographic symbols on selected maps. It analyzes fifty-eight maps, originating from the ...sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and showing the territory of Slovenia. The basic criteria for selecting the maps were authorship, scale, and the territory depicted. The study included maps at a medium scale of 1:200,000 to 1:900,000. Approximately eighty entries were made for each map, and several thousand pieces of data were obtained, which then required a uniform and systematic examination of all cartographic symbols on the maps selected. Before the nineteenth century, changes in symbols for vegetation, relief, transport networks, and explanatory elements were the most evident. The article concludes by highlighting the reliability of cartographic content as a source for research. The new method for examining maps makes it easier to determine the cause-and-effect relationship of cartographic elements to map content.
In the early 19th century part of the Slovenian, Italian, Austrian, Croatian and Montenegro territory has been included into political and administrative unit known as the Illyrian Provinces. The ...Illyrian Provinces incurred at the request of Napoleon Bonaparte and, together with its fall also ceased to exist. The edition of this book was prepared in order to celebrate the two hundredth anniversary of the Illyrian Provinces, to highlight the role of cartography in the Slovenia and to emphasize the importance of the historical moment of the causes and consequences of the Illyrian Provinces. Almost unknown Gaetano Palma is the author of cartographic display of the territory of the Illyrian Provinces. The merits of the map are: relatively large map scale, quality cartographic representation of the terrain and systematic breakdown of some cartographic elements. This depiction of the Illyrian Provinces was designed for completely common purpose, which should help to better recognize and to assimilate displayed area. Therefore, the authors have added several important aspects to the reproduction of this map. These are: an overview of the status of a state of the Illyrian Provinces, transparent outline of the main achievements of the Napoleonic Cartography in the Eastern Adriatic and the Eastern Alps regions and detailed geographical description and index of geographical names. Herewith they presented the map and the happening of that time to the modern reader.
This introductory article of the special issue of Acta geographica Slovenica on old maps examines the importance of old maps as the foundation and culmination of geographical research. Maps, one of ...the earliest languages of communication, have guided exploration and become reference documents. Old maps reveal history, values, and contexts of geographical regions and geographical science. They serve as a special form of text, making possible communication across centuries. Old maps have inspired fantasy maps that depict fictional landscapes and create a cultural phenomenon. This special issue contains articles that analyze the cartographic elements of old maps, the semiotics of old maps, their use in education, and their historical significance, as well as an article on the first Slovenian atlas. Old maps challenge geographic knowledge and representation, and they are shaping the digital future.
This study analyzed selected cartographic symbols on old maps depicting the territory of Slovenia from the sixteenth to nineteenth century. A semiotic approach was applied to establish connections ...between cartographic symbols on old maps and the characteristics of society at the time the maps were created. This semiotic approach was used to discuss the impact of the interpretation of four symbolic cartographic elements, their iconic basis, and the reading of the five maps analyzed. Cartographic symbols changed in line with the development of cartography at the time, as well as society. The depictions of settlements were first stylistic and then geometric. Relief depictions were first stylized and then shown through plastic or spatial methods. Cartographic symbols gradually changed into symbolic signs (in the semiotic sense), including the quality of the map display, as a result of developments and the demands of changing society.
The book presents a wealth of historical cartographic representations of Slovenian territory. It is divided into two main parts. The first or the text part briefly presents the history of European ...cartography up to the end of the nineteenth century, maps of the Slovenian territory up to the early twentieth century and maps as cultural heritage. In the second or cartographic part, in turn, features important historical maps of the Slovenian territory presented in chronological order. The format of the book enables an excellent presentation of the presented maps. The maps presented date from the mid-sixteenth century, when the first independent maps of present-day Slovenia were produced, to the beginning of the twentieth century, when cartography developed into a modern discipline. The aim of this book is to present the extensive Slovenian cartographic heritage.
Članek prikazuje rezultate raziskave, s katero smo želeli ugotoviti, katere so tiste turistične prakse, ki jih turisti kot trajnostne dojemajo na slovenskih turističnih destinacijah s trajnostnim ...certifikatom Slovenia Green. Izbrali smo osem destinacij. Poglavitna metoda dela je bilo anketiranje, kateremu je sledila analiza rezultatov. Analizirali smo 1444 anket. Ugotovili smo, da trajnostni certifikat za turistične destinacije pozna le slabih 50 % anketirancev, da je najbolj prepoznavna trajnostna praksa na destinacijah možnost uporabe vode za pitje iz pipe ter da je največja pomanjkljivost na destinacijah neustrezen javni potniški promet. Ugotavljamo, da bi destinacije morale investirati v učinkovitejšo propagando trajnostnega certifikata in posebej na področju javnega potniškega prometa storiti vidnejši napredek.
This article presents cartographic teaching materials used in two different periods: the second half of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the 2020s. During the first period examined, the ...works of Blaž Kocen (also Blasius Kozenn) laid the foundations of school cartography in the Habsburg Monarchy. The most highly valued among them in central Europe were his atlases, which have the longest tradition of publishing in the world. In the second period, technological development and the COVID-19 pandemic laid the foundations for a faster transition to digital approaches to teaching. This article examines the use of maps, atlases, and textbooks by Slovenian geography teachers to determine whether modern (digital) teaching materials have replaced or will replace the traditional (paper) ones. It was established that the use of printed cartographic materials continues to predominate in geography teaching, which indirectly preserves the importance of Kocen’s pioneering and visionary work.
This paper focuses on five culinary events on Slovenia’s Karst Plateau (Kras). It presents visitors’ motives for attending these events, their satisfaction with them, and their views on ...sustainability. These traditional culinary events, which take place in the same gastronomic region, differ in their scale, theme, character, and history. A survey was conducted among 244 visitors, approximately 50% of whom had a university degree. The most important motives for their visit include local cuisine; experiencing something new, different, or special; and exploring natural heritage and especially cultural heritage. Visitor satisfaction is the greatest at boutique culinary events, where the main theme is highlighted more strongly than at large-scale culinary events. The main challenge in terms of the sustainability of culinary events is public transport access to the venues. Significant progress would be made by reducing the amount of disposable packaging made from non-sustainable materials. The key to successful culinary events is high-quality services and ingredients, where the word local is key.
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