Wind energy is considered to be a very promising alternative for power generation because of its tremendous environmental, social, and economic benefits. Electrical power generation from wind energy ...behaves quite differently from that of conventional sources. The fundamentally different operating characteristics of those facilities, therefore, affect the power system reliability in a manner different from that of the conventional systems. This paper is focused on the development of suitable models for wind energy conversion systems, in adequacy assessments of generating systems, using wind energy. These analytical models can be used in the conventional generating system adequacy assessment utilizing analytical or Monte Carlo state-sampling techniques. This paper shows that a five-state wind energy conversion system model can be used to provide a reasonable assessment of the practical power system adequacy studies, using an analytical method, or a state-sampling simulation approach.
Highly Dispersed Co3O4/NPC were rationally prepared from ZIF-67/COF and exhibit excellent OER and LIB property.
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•Highly-dispersed Co3O4/N-doped porous carbons were ...synthesized.•Co3O4/NPC features highly active crystal plane and a large specific surface area.•Co3O4/NPC shows high oxygen evolution reaction and Li-ion battery properties.
Herein we report a facile bottom-up strategy to prepare highly dispersed supported Co3O4 on N-doped Porous Carbon (NPC). Specifically, ZIF-67 (ZIF=Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks) microcrystals firstly grow on benzoic acid modified covalent organic framework (BFC), resulting in ZIF-67/COF composite. Subsequently, highly dispersed Co3O4/NPC was obtained via the calcination of ZIF-67/COF. Interestingly, high dispersion of supported Co3O4 is dominated by homogeneous distribution of benzoic acid auchoring on nanoporous COF. More notably, largely triggered by the porosity and confining effect of COF, the resultant Co3O4/NPC features highly active crystal plane and a large specific surface area of 228.0m2/g. Furthermore, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) measurement results demonstrated that highly dispersed Co3O4/NPC features good catalytic activity (330mV overpotential at 10mA.cm−2, 79mV.dec−1 Tafel slope and mass activity of 130A.g−1 at overpotential of 400mV) and durable stability, superior to currently available counterparts. Moreover, Li-ion battery (LIB) tests also showed high reversible capacity (785mA.h.g−1 at 500mA.g−1) as well as excellent cycling stability and rate performance. Furthermore, Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results demonstrated that these superior OER properties can be attributed to the geometrical and electronic effects of Co3O4/NPC on activation and adsorption/desorption of reaction species.
Besides genome editing, CRISPR-Cas12a has recently been used for DNA detection applications with attomolar sensitivity but, to our knowledge, it has not been used for the detection of small ...molecules. Bacterial allosteric transcription factors (aTFs) have evolved to sense and respond sensitively to a variety of small molecules to benefit bacterial survival. By combining the single-stranded DNA cleavage ability of CRISPR-Cas12a and the competitive binding activities of aTFs for small molecules and double-stranded DNA, here we develop a simple, supersensitive, fast and high-throughput platform for the detection of small molecules, designated CaT-SMelor (CRISPR-Cas12a- and aTF-mediated small molecule detector). CaT-SMelor is successfully evaluated by detecting nanomolar levels of various small molecules, including uric acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid among their structurally similar analogues. We also demonstrate that our CaT-SMelor directly measured the uric acid concentration in clinical human blood samples, indicating a great potential of CaT-SMelor in the detection of small molecules.
Water waves are one of the most common phenomena in nature, the study of which helps in designing the related industries. In this paper, a generalized (
3
+
1
)-dimensional B-type ...Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation for the water waves is investigated. Gramian solutions are constructed via the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy reduction. Based on the Gramian solutions, we construct the breathers. We graphically analyze the breather solutions and find that the breathers can be reduced to the homoclinic orbits. For the higher-order breather solutions, we obtain the mixed solutions consisting of the breathers and homoclinic orbits. According to the long-wave limit method, rational solutions are constructed. We look at two types of the rational solutions, i.e., the lump and line rogue wave solutions, and give the condition for the lumps being reduced to the line rogue waves. Taking another set of the parameters for the Gramian solutions, we also derive the kinky breather solutions which can be reduced to the kink solitons. For the higher-order kinky breather solutions, we obtain the mixed solutions consisting of the breathers and kink solitons. Combining the breather and rational solutions, we construct two kinds of the hybrid solutions composed of the breathers, lumps, line rogue waves and kink solitons. Characteristics of those hybrid solutions are graphically analyzed and the conditions for the generation of those hybrid solutions are given.
Summary
Aims
Ferroptosis, a new form of iron‐dependent programmed cell death, has been shown to be involved in a range of diseases. However, the role of ferroptosis in traumatic brain injury (TBI) ...has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate whether ferroptosis is induced after TBI and whether the inhibition of ferroptosis would protect against traumatic brain injury in a controlled cortical impact injury (CCI) mouse model.
Methods
After establishing the TBI model in mice, we determined the biochemical and morphological changes associated with ferroptosis, including iron accumulation with Perl's staining, neuronal cell death with Fluoro‐Jade B (FJB) staining, iron metabolism dysfunction with Western blotting, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation with malondialdehyde (MDA) assays, and shrunken mitochondria with transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis, ferrostatin‐1(fer‐1), was administrated by cerebral ventricular injection after CCI. We used cresyl violet (CV) staining to assess lesion volume, along with the Morris water maze and beam walk test to evaluate long‐term outcomes.
Results
TBI was followed by iron accumulation, dysfunctional iron metabolism, the upregulation of ferroptosis‐related genes, reduced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and the accumulation of lipid‐reactive oxygen species (ROS). Three days (d) after TBI, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the mitochondria had shrunk a typical characteristic of ferroptosis. Importantly, the administration of Fer‐1 by cerebral ventricular injection significantly reduced iron deposition and neuronal degeneration while attenuating injury lesions and improving long‐term motor and cognitive function.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated an effective method with which to treat TBI by targeting ferroptosis.
These days, watching the shallow water waves, people think about the nonlinear Broer-type models, e.g., a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Broer-Kaup system modeling, e.g., certain nonlinear long waves ...in the shallow water. For that system, with reference to, e.g., the wave height and wave horizontal velocity, this paper avails of symbolic computation to obtain (A) an auto-Bäcklund transformation with some solitons; (B) a group of the scaling transformations and (C) a group of the hetero-Bäcklund transformations, to a known linear partial differential equation, from that system. Results rely on the coefficients in that system
Recently, the emergence of photoactive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has given great prospects for their applications as photocatalytic materials in visible‐light‐driven hydrogen evolution. Herein, ...a highly photoactive visible‐light‐driven material for H2 evolution was prepared by introducing methylthio terephthalate into a MOF lattice via solvent‐assisted ligand‐exchange method. Accordingly, a first methylthio‐functionalized porous MOF decorated with Pt co‐catalyst for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution was achieved, which exhibited a high quantum yield (8.90 %) at 420 nm by use sacrificial triethanolamine. This hybrid material exhibited perfect H2 production rate as high as 3814.0 μmol g−1 h−1, which even is one order of magnitude higher than that of the state‐of‐the‐art Pt/MOF photocatalyst derived from aminoterephthalate.
The in visible MOF: A high performance for visible‐light‐driven H2‐evolution is obtained with a new methylthio‐functionalized metal–organic framework (MOF) photocatalyst that is rationally designed and facilely prepared. This approach opens up a new way to achieve photocatalysis based on MOF materials with high quantum efficiency value (up to 8.9 %) and excellent photoactivity.
Studies on the shallow water waves belong to the cutting-edge issues in sciences and engineering. In this paper, introducing symbolic computation, for a generalized nonlinear shallow water wave ...equation, with respect to the displacement and velocity of the water, we establish an auto-Bäcklund transformation with some solitonic solutions, as well as a set of the similarity reductions, the latter of which ought to be focused towards a known ordinary differential equation. Our results are seen to tie to the gravitational force and wave height.
In this paper, the hierarchical analysis method is improved based on the expert empowerment method, and the enhanced cluster AHP variable weight comprehensive evaluation model is constructed. Then, ...various elements and important features of music were evaluated perceptually. The correlation between musical elements and emotional appreciation of music art was analyzed through the indexes of harmonic concordance and sound area. The constructed model was used to make a comprehensive evaluation of the application effect of musical elements in the appreciation of music art. The results show that the proportion of people paying attention to the acoustic concordance of melody, tempo, and rhythm in music appreciation is 88.2%, 66.5%, and 75%, respectively. All VIP values for acoustic consonance and the range of tonal regions exceeded 1, which implies that harmonies with more unity and music in higher tonal regions can increase pleasantness perception. This study explores new research paths and provides new theoretical guidance for designing music appreciation teaching.
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