This article describes the experience of application of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in the complex therapy of severe recurrent cholangitis in 2 children with biliary atresia after Kasai ...surgery. In both children, hepatic cellular insufficiency and portal hypertension developed against the background of long-term inflammatory process poorly controlled by standard therapy, which was the indication for liver transplantation. During the course of mesenchymal stromal cells therapy, the relief of the inflammatory process and functional recovery of the liver were achieved. At the time of preparing the article, the follow-up of two children since the start of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell therapy was 3 years 9 months and 2 years 6 months. No recurrence of cholangitis was observed in the patients during the follow-up period, the liver function was preserved. There are no indications for liver transplantation at this moment. Thus, despite the fact that the mechanisms of therapeutic action of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in biliary atresia require further investigation, we obtained promising results suggesting the possibility of using mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of postoperative complications in children with biliary atresia.
Objectives
. To establish the developmental features, family history, social adaptation, and structure of early psychopathological disorders in pediatric patients with schizotypal disorder (STD) and ...their relationship with the manifestation and clinical structure of the disease.
Materials and methods.
The study included 150 patients aged 7–16 years with a diagnosis of STD, of whom 48 were female and 102 were male. Five groups of patients were identified on the basis of the age of onset of the first stable psychopathological disorders prior to diagnosis of STD: up to three years (
n
= 38), 4–6 years (
n
= 36), 7–10 years (
n
= 15), 11–13 years (
n
= 41) and 14–16 years (
n
= 20). Clinical-psychopathological, clinical-historical, neurological, pathopsychological, psychometric, and statistical investigation methods were used.
Results.
A high frequency of deviations from normal values of indicators in early psychomotor development was found (in 99 patients, 65%). Delayed mental development was observed in 23 patients (15%) and dissociation in mental development – in 62 patients (41%). Impairments were significantly more frequent in groups with onset of psychopathological disorders at age up to six years; simultaneous impairments in three domains – emotional, motivational and volitional were more common (38%) than in the fourth group (13%). Groups 1 and 2 showed deficit in intellectual development. High performance in the primary grades was observed in 16% of patients in group 1 vs. 60% in group 5. The diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder was significantly more commonly (66%) diagnosed in patients of group 1, while the psychopathic variant of STD was diagnosed at age 7 to 13 years and the neurosis-like variant had a clear tendency to become more frequent with increasing age.
Conclusions.
The age of onset and the duration of the persistence of psychopathological disorders determine the level of negative changes formed at the stage of disease preceding onset of distinct clinical symptoms of STD, while age at the time of manifestation of disease affects the predominant positive disorders.
The discrete spectrum of ultracold neutrons (UCNs) diffracting from a moving grating has been measured using a time-of-flight Fourier spectrometer. It is shown that, choosing an appropriate depth of ...grating profile, one can change significantly the ratio of wave intensities for different diffraction orders. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions based on the multiwave dynamical theory of neutron diffraction from a volume periodic grating.
A method for detecting changes in the length of an optical cavity is proposed for fiber-optic sensors based on the Fabry–Perot interferometer scheme. The possibility of detecting oscillations of the ...resonator length at the subnanometer level in the frequency band 1.5–300 kHz is shown. The sensitivity was 0.3 nm in standard deviation. The proposed scheme makes it possible to reliably distinguish high-frequency oscillations against the background of slow drifts of the sensor length caused by temperature fluctuations or deformations.
The superconducting and magnetic properties of the (Fe/Cr/Fe)/V/Fe layered system with variable thickness of the chromium layer have been experimentally and theoretically studied. The magnetic ...properties of the system have been studied by the ferromagnetic resonance method, and the superconducting transition temperature has been measured from the jump in the magnetic susceptibility. A wide variety of magnetic states are observed in the system; in particular, the structure of small domains can arise in the iron layer placed between vanadium and chromium. It has been shown experimentally that the critical temperature
T
c
of the superconducting transition undergoes nonmonotonic oscillations with a noticeable amplitude in the given system with the change in the thickness of the Cr layer. The proposed model based on the proximity effect theory makes it possible to relate these
T
c
oscillations to the features of the magnetic structure of the samples.
Gibeon IVA iron meteorite fragment was characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), magnetization ...measurements, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Optical microscopy and SEM made on the polished section of the meteorite, show the presence of α‐Fe(Ni, Co) and γ‐Fe(Ni, Co) phases and plessite structures. There are no troilite inclusions observed in the studied section. EDS studies indicate some variations in the Ni concentrations: (i) within the α‐Fe(Ni, Co) phase in the range ~5.0 ± 0.1 – ~7.5 ± 0.1 at% and (ii) within the γ‐Fe(Ni, Co) phase in the range ~26.0 ± 0.2 – ~36.1 ± 0.2 at%. The latter Ni concentration range indicates the presence of small amount of the paramagnetic γ‐phase in addition to the ferromagnetic γ‐phase. EDS also shows that Ni content in two plessite structures is varying in the range ~16–37 at%, which can indicate the presence of only the α2‐Fe(Ni, Co) and γ‐Fe(Ni, Co) phases in the duplex plessite structure. This may be a result of the γ‐phase decomposition with the incomplete martensitic transformation: γ → α2 + γ due to a faster cooling rate. XRD indicates the presence of ~1.3 wt% of the γ‐Fe(Ni, Co) phase in Gibeon VIA. The saturation magnetization moment of 185(2) emu g−1 obtained also confirms the presence of phases with low and high Ni concentrations. The most appropriate fit of the Gibeon IVA Mössbauer spectrum demonstrates the presence of five magnetic sextets and one paramagnetic singlet which are assigned to the ferromagnetic α2‐Fe(Ni, Co), α‐Fe(Ni, Co), γ‐Fe(Ni, Co), and paramagnetic γ‐Fe(Ni, Co) phases. The relative average Fe contents in these phases are: 13.4% in the α2‐Fe(Ni, Co) phase, 78.3% in the α‐Fe(Ni, Co) phase, and 8.3% in the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic γ‐Fe(Ni, Co) phases.
To analyze the variability of violations of cognitive and emotional-personal parameters in schizotypal disorder (STD) in children and adolescents according to the pathopsychological profile.
47 ...patients with STD were examined, 21 of them with psychopathic variant (F21.4), 16 with neurotic (F21.3) and 10 with personality schizotypal disorder (F21.8) aged 9 to 16 years (37 boys and 10 girls). All patients were examined in detail by a psychiatrist and clinical psychologists. The method of integrative assessment of the pathopsychological profile was used, including the assessment of the presence and severity of impairments in cognitive functioning, emotional-personal and motivational-volitional spheres (the assessment was carried out according to detailed psychological reports). Mathematical processing of the obtained data was carried out.
Cluster analysis of clinical and psychological indicators showed that patients differ in the level of intellectual impairment, as well as in the characteristics of motivational-volitional and personal spheres. Three clusters are described, two of which included patients (10 and 31 patients) with individual variants of STD with a greater severity of various cognitive deficits, and parameters of the emotional and personal sphere, the last cluster included 6 patients with personality variants of STD. A separate largest cluster included all three analyzed variants of STD in approximately equal proportions, with a mildly pronounced intellectual decline and more noticeable changes (deficiency) in the emotional and personal sphere.
Thus, patients with STD differ in the severity and structure of deficient changes. At the same time, the nature and degree of involvement of a particular area in the overall picture of the pathopsychological profile is of great importance. Patients with STD differ in the severity and structure of deficient changes. The identified clusters differed in age, in the presence of patients of both sexes, and in various indicators of the pathopsychological profile. At the same time, the nature and degree of involvement of a particular area in the overall picture of the pathopsychological profile is important for diagnosis.
The article analyzes the evolution of scientific views on autism in children and milestone changes in the international classification. The main issues related to conceptual, terminological and ...classification aspects are reflected. The reasons for the increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders, terminological inconsistencies, and deviations from etiopathogenetic views on autism are discussed. The question is raised about the need to adapt the introduced ICD-11 practice or working practice for everyday practice and scientific research in Russia.
The effect of vanadium on the heat resistance of casting high-temperature alloys differing in the chromium content is studied during oxidation in air. Even 0.10–0.20% vanadium additions to alloys ...ZhS6F-VI, ZhS6U-VI, and ZhS6K-VI containing up to 10% Cr is found to worsen their hear resistance. However, a 0.50% vanadium addition to a high-chromium VKh4L-VI alloy with up to 35% Cr does not decrease its heat resistance and even slightly improves it.
Lurasidone is one of the newest antipsychotics approved for use in childhood. The review presents generalized data on the pharmacological profile of Lurasidone, preclinical and clinical studies of ...the drug with an analysis of the parameters of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, tolerability and safety of therapy for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in children. It also provides data on the off-lable use of Lurasidone in childhood for autism spectrum disorders, Tourette's syndrome, hypomania in the structure of bipolar affective disorder. The data on the efficacy of Lurasidone in a wide range of psychopathological disorders, including positive, negative, affective and cognitive domains, as well as a favorable tolerability profile of the drug, including long-term therapy, are presented.
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