straipsnis, santrauka, reikšminiai žodžiai lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba
Dėl ypatingos darbo įtakos žmogaus gyvenimui ir visuomenei darbo vertybės yra laikomos ...pamatinėmis. Jų realizavimas daugiausia lemia žmogaus vietą visuomenėje ir jo karjeros galimybes, šalies žmogiškojo ir ekonominio kapitalo potencialą, atskiros įmonės personalo panaudojimo efektyvumą ir kita. Vertinant skirtingų gyventojų grupių vertybių skirtumus, pastebėta reikšmingų skirtumų tarp skirtingų gyventojų kartų kohortų. Sąvoka „karta“ suvokiama skirtingais aspektais. Šiame straipsnyje sąvoka „karta“ vartojama pagal Mannheim, Steel and Taras bei Strauss and Howe supratimą. Išskirtos: veteranų, kūdikių bumo, X, Y ir Z kartos. Empirinio tyrimo metu buvo analizuoti Lietuvos gyventojų darbo vertybių pokyčiai XX–XXI amžių sandūroje kartų kaitos aspektu, remiantis Europos vertybių tyrimo (EVT) antros (1990), trečios (1999) ir ketvirtos (2008) bangų rezultatais. Tyrimas parodė, kad kartų kaita ir jų individualios savybės didžiausią poveikį daro emocinių darbo vertybių kaitai, o kognityvias ir instrumentines darbo vertybes veikia ir socialinio bei ekonominio konteksto pokyčiai.
The article analyses the types of atypical forms of employment and their spread in Lithuania in the context of the European Union. A special emphasis in the article is laid on security of atypical ...workers in the labour market. The literature analysis carried out in the article revealed that despite certain advantages of atypical employment atypical employees are less secure in the labour market than employees in standard employment. This insecurity is determined by more frequent stresses due to work-related situations, poor visibility regarding the future level of income and career perspectives. The analysis of statistical data revealed that self-employment and part-time work are the most prevalent atypical forms of employment in Lithuania. A special mention should also be given to two atypical forms of employment – selfemployment and temporary agency work – which have grown most over the past few years in Lithuania.
The paper assesses labour market integration opportunities for the groups of country’s population that are highly contrasting in social terms, i.e. young people and older adults, and their dependence ...on demographic changes. Since the beginning of the 21st century up to 2050 in the future, demographic changes have demonstrated and will continue to have an increasing impact on the social and economic development of European countries. In this context, it is particularly appropriate to monitor the demographic prospects and labour market situation of young people and older adults. These marginal social groups of economic activity are the best reflection of the overall labour market prospects of an individual country. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the situation in Lithuania. Transformations of the situation of young people and older adults in the Lithuanian labour market are closely linked to highly dynamic changes in demographic structures. Using a variety of labour market indicators, the paper identifies trends characterising the situation of the target groups at issue, with a particular emphasis on the observed changes in unemployment and employment (economic activity) during crisis periods. The results of the analysis help to highlight weaknesses and strengths of the labour market situation of the target groups. The strengths include the positive dynamism of most of the observed labour market indicators in Lithuania in the long term and the fact that the situation is, in many cases, relatively better than the average for EU countries. The weaknesses in the labour market situation of young people and older adults are related to the relatively higher vulnerability of these social groups during economic downturns; they appear to lose jobs faster and need longer time to find a suitable job during economic recoveries.
The paper assesses labour market integration opportunities for the groups of country’s population that are highly contrasting in social terms, i.e. young people and older adults, and their dependence ...on demographic changes. Since the beginning of the 21st century up to 2050 in the future, demographic changes have demonstrated and will continue to have an increasing impact on the social and economic development of European countries. In this context, it is particularly appropriate to monitor the demographic prospects and labour market situation of young people and older adults. These marginal social groups of economic activity are the best reflection of the overall labour market prospects of an individual country. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the situation in Lithuania. Transformations of the situation of young people and older adults in the Lithuanian labour market are closely linked to highly dynamic changes in demographic structures. Using a variety of labour market indicators, the paper identifies trends characterising the situation of the target groups at issue, with a particular emphasis on the observed changes in unemployment and employment (economic activity) during crisis periods. The results of the analysis help to highlight weaknesses and strengths of the labour market situation of the target groups. The strengths include the positive dynamism of most of the observed labour market indicators in Lithuania in the long term and the fact that the situation is, in many cases, relatively better than the average for EU countries. The weaknesses in the labour market situation of young people and older adults are related to the relatively higher vulnerability of these social groups during economic downturns; they appear to lose jobs faster and need longer time to find a suitable job during economic recoveries.
Youth in Elderly Care Sector – Mission Impossible? Krutulienė, Sandra; Okunevičiūtė, Laima; Gruževskis, Boguslavas
STEPP: socialinė teorija, empirija, politika ir praktika,
11/2022, Volume:
25
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The aging of population leads to the outcome that number of social care sector clients grows steadily. Hence the research highlighted that average age of the workforce in social care sector is also ...rising. An important question is how to attract and retain young people in the care sector for the elderly in the context of an aging society with the growing importance of the care economy. The study aims to reveal the factors motivating young people (18-29 years old) to employ and their attitudes towards work in the elderly care sector to. The research investigated the links between prosocial motivation and the attitudes of unemployed young people registered in the Employment Service toward work in the elderly care sector.
The results of the study identified main directions, which could encourage more young people to get involved in the elderly care sector: promoting prosocial motivation of the individuals, increasing the flexibility of social services for the elderly and ensuring good working conditions. The study revealed significant role of the employment service as an intermediary between the young person and the institution providing social services and changing public attitudes towards work in the care sector for the elderly.
This paper analyses the relation between organisational justice in its three aspects: distributive, procedural and interactional, and employees’ subjective perception of remuneration justice using ...the case studies of Poland and Lithuania. Assessment of remuneration justice was inferred with regards to the theory of organisational justice. The conditions of the labour markets in Poland and Lithuania act as the background for the analysis of empirical data. We identified the factors influencing the perception of the fairness of remuneration by Polish and Lithuanian employees. Our results indicate that the assessment is carried out in a comprehensive manner. Comparisons between Poland and Lithuania show that the evaluation criteria are not universal. In the case of Polish employees, the perception of remuneration justice was influenced by the conviction regarding the adequacy of pay relative to the tasks performed, equal pay for similar work and solicitude of the superior. The Lithuanians’ assessment was dependent on the adequacy of remuneration in relation to the work performed and the degree of care exercised by the superior.
The article analyses the prevalence of part-time employment in different EU countries with a focus on the factors affecting the rate of part-time employment across the EU. Based on the literature ...review, a distinction is made between three groups of factors that are relevant for the rate of part-time employment, in particular, cyclical factors, political and institutional factors, and structural factors. The article analyses how these factors influence part-time employment rates in EU countries. The linear regression analysis based on EU-28 macroeconomic data for the period of 2007-2018 has shown that all three groups of determinants (i.e. cyclical, political and institutional as well as structural factors) affect the rate of part-time employment in the EU-28. Part-time employment is a complex phenomenon which depends on a number of factors. However, the regression analysis has found that the following political and institutional as well as structural independent variables are also significant predictors of part-time employment rates in EU Member States (EU-28): average annual wages, the tax rate on low wage earners, expenditures on children and family benefits as a percentage of gross domestic product, trade union density, and the activity rate of people aged 15-24 and 55-64. Cyclical factors (the unemployment rate in Model (1) and real GDP per capita in Model (2)) have also been found to have a significant effect on part-time employment in EU-28 countries.
Indicators that reflect the transition from unemployment to employment are an important element of the monitoring systems of employment services in EU countries. Monitoring employment trends is a ...complex task that usually goes beyond quantitative parameters. The correct application and interpretation of the indicators is inseparable from contextual phenomena, and the use of comparative analyses at different scales, e.g. time, territory, makes it possible to increase the informativeness of this indicator. The aim of the paper is to identify, on the basis of the available data, the trends in the transition from unemployed to employment at the national and territorial level, and to forecast possible shirt-term development scenarios for the selected jobplacement indicators. The methodological part of the paper assesses the links between unemployment trends and jobplacement indicators. The methodological approach to the assessment of differentiation of jobplacement indices are described there. On the basis of the data from the customer service units of the national Employment Service, an analysis of the spatial distribution of the transition of the registered unemployed to employment was conducted. The forecast of the indicators was based on short-term historical data from the customer service units and economic context variables. In the face of relatively unfavourable forecasts for the EU economic situation, the paper presents the assumptions for changes in the situation on the Lithuanian labour market in the short term.
The use of active inclusion (AI) policies is steadily growing worldwide, especially among developed (OECD) countries. This concept is most consistently applied in EU countries, with some countries ...spending more than 1% of their GDP on the activation policies. This concept is also well-known in the countries of the American continent, where it stands as the basis of the workfare model. The concept of AI is linked to the promotion of social inclusion and participation in the labour market for people of working age experiencing poverty or social exclusion. This article is the second work of the authors analysing the concept of AI and its implementation in Lithuania. The article analyses the content of AI concept, placing more emphasis on the limitations of AI and criticism from the right-wing and the left-wing politicians. The article also examines the issue of social services and their place in the concept of AI. The empirical part of the article analyses different dimensions of social services in Lithuania during the period from 2009 to 2018(9). On the basis of the performed analysis, it is concluded that the availability of enabling services in Lithuania is insufficient, despite the fact that positive changes in the availability and coverage of the above-mentioned services have been observed since 2009.
straipsnis, santrauka, reikšminiai žodžiai lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba
Ikimokyklinių ugdymo įstaigų prieinamumas turi didelę įtaką tėvų užimtumui, tačiau šį ...priklausomybė yra gana sudėtinga ir skirtingai pasireiškia skirtingose visuomenės grupėse. Straipsnyje siekiama ištirti ikimokyklinių ugdymo įstaigų prieinamumo vaidmenį tėvų, auginančių ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikus, užimtumui Lietuvoje. Tyrimui naudojami Lietuvos 2014 m. pajamų ir gyvenimo sąlygų tyrimo duomenys. Naudojant chi kvadrato testą bei dvinarės logistinės regresijos modelį, tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad vaikų ikimokyklinių ugdymo įstaigų nelankymas turėjo didesnę neigiamą įtaką moterų užimtumo statusui negu vyrų. Tyrimas taip pat parodė, kad svarbų vaidmenį tėvų užimtumui skatinti vaidina ir nemokamai teikiama ne tėvų priežiūra vaikams. Rezultatai taip pat leido kelti prielaidą, kad ikimokyklinių ugdymo įstaigų prieinamumas skatina tėvus dirbti, tačiau tai nebuvo esminė tėvų užimtumo paskata.
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