As the terpenoid oxide extracted from Eucalyptus L. Herit (Myrtaceae), eucalyptol (EUC) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
To evaluate the neuroprotective role of EUC in subarachnoid ...haemorrhage (SAH).
Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: sham group, SAH group, SAH + vehicle group, and SAH + EUC group. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation. In SAH + EUC group, 100 mg/kg EUC was administrated intraperitoneally at 1 h before SAH and 30 min after SAH, respectively. Neurological deficits were examined by modified Neurological Severity Scores (mNSS). The brain edoema was evaluated by wet-dry method. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by Nissl staining. The expression of Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, phospho-NF-κB p65, ionised calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1), nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf-2), and haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were measured by Western blot. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected by qRT-PCR. Oxidative stress markers were also measured.
EUC markedly relieved brain edoema (from 81.22% to 78.33%) and neurological deficits from 16.28 to 9.28 (24 h); from 12.50 to 7.58 (48 h). EUC reduced neuronal apoptosis, microglial activation, and oxidative stress. EUC increased the expression of HO-1 (1.15-fold), Nrf2 (1.34-fold) and Bcl-2 (1.17-fold) in the rats' brain tissue, and down-regulated the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 (41.09%), phospho-NF-κB p65 (14.38%) and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (34.33%), IL-1β (50.40%) and IL-6 (59.13%).
For the first time, this study confirms that EUC has neuroprotective effects against early brain injury after experimental SAH in rats.
Background and Objectives: The Chinese Dietary Guidelines (CDGs) were first released to the public in 1989 by the Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS). In 2016, the Ministry of Health commissioned the CNS ...to revise and publish new CDGs.
Methods and Study Design: The CNS convened an expert committee of leaders in the fields of nutrition, epidemiology, public health, preventive medicine, and food science. The CDGs were revised according to the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development procedures. The expert committee recommended key inclusions for the CDGs on the basis of the current status of public health and priority health challenges affecting the Chinese population, as well as the quality of scientific evidence.
Results: The CDGs (2016) provide six key dietary recommendations for the general Chinese population aged 2 years and above. In addition to a newly revised Chinese Food Guide Pagoda, both the Chinese Food Guide Plate and Chinese Food Guide Abacus are newly created pictorial models in the CDGs (2016); the Chinese Food Guide Abacus is specifically designed for children. Seven additional dietary guidelines targeting specific populations are included; these guidelines emphasize the different physiological and nutritional requirements of particular populations, including dietary guidelines for vegetarians for the first time.
Conclusions: The CDGs (2016) is an official document published by the National Health Commission of China. Its content highlights the current status of public health and offers advice to address health concerns faced by the Chinese population. The CDGs (2016) have been widely disseminated and accepted in the Chinese population; the National Nutrition Week is a major national event in which the CDG are used as its core to increase public awareness towards a healthy diet and lifestyle.
Titanium dioxide (TiO
2
) has emerged as a viable choice for several biological and environmental applications because of its high efficiency, cheap cost, and high photostability. In pursuit of this ...purpose, the research of its many forms has been influenced by these unique aspects. The development of novel TiO
2
-based hybrid materials with enhanced photocatalytically induced anticancer activity has gained tremendous attention. Here, we have developed a novel photocatalytic material (TiO
2
–Ag NPs@-CD) by decorating ultrasmall silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with per-6-thio-β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) on TiO
2
NPs. TiO
2
–Ag NPs@-CD were characterized by employing various characterization techniques and evaluated for their anticancer activity against HeLa cancer cells using an MTT assay. The biocompatibility of the designed nanoparticles was determined on two normal cell lines, namely, 3T3 and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The results show that the TiO
2
–Ag NPs@-CD induced superior cytotoxic effects on HeLa cancer cells at a concentration of 64 μg/ml. Live-dead staining and oxidative stress investigations demonstrated that cell membrane disintegration and ROS-induced oxidative stress generated by TiO
2
-Ag NPs@-CD inside HeLa cancer cells are the contributing factors to their exceptional anti-cancer performance. Moreover, TiO
2
-Ag NPs@-CD exhibited good biocompatibility with 3T3 and hMSCs. These results indicated that the combination of all three components—a silver core, SH-β-CD ligands, and TiO
2
nanoparticles—produced a synergistic anticancer effect. Hence, the TiO
2
-Ag NPs@-CD is a promising material that can be employed for different biological applications.
Calcium alginate beads are potential biosorbent for radionuclides removal as they contain carboxyl groups. However, until now limited information is available concerning the uptake behavior of ...uranium by this polymer gel, especially when sorption equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics are concerned. In present work, batch experiments were carried out to study the equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of uranium sorption by calcium alginate beads. The effects of initial solution pH, sorbent amount, initial uranium concentration and temperature on uranium sorption were also investigated. The determined optimal conditions were: initial solution pH of 3.0, added sorbent amount of 40 mg, and uranium sorption capacity increased with increasing initial uranium concentration and temperature. Equilibrium data obtained under different temperatures were fitted better with Langmuir model than Freundlich model, uranium sorption was dominated by a monolayer way. The kinetic data can be well depicted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The activation energy derived from Arrhenius equation was 30.0 kJ/mol and the sorption process had a chemical nature. Thermodynamic constants such as ΔH0, ΔS0 and ΔG0 were also evaluated, results of thermodynamic study showed that the sorption process was endothermic and spontaneous.
•Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of uranium sorption by CaAlg were studied.•Equilibrium studies show that Langmuir isotherm better fit with experimental data.•Pseudo-second-order kinetics model is found to be well depicting the kinetic data.•Thermodynamic study shows that the sorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.
The present paper reports the biosorption of uranium onto chemically modified yeast cells,
Rhodotorula glutinis, in order to study the role played by various functional groups in the cell wall. ...Esterification of the carboxyl groups and methylation of the amino groups present in the cells were carried out by methanol and formaldehyde treatment, respectively. The uranium sorption capacity increased 31% for the methanol-treated biomass and 11% for the formaldehyde-treated biomass at an initial uranium concentration of 140 mg/L. The enhancement of uranium sorption capacity was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, with amino and carboxyl groups were determined to be the important functional groups involved in uranium binding. The biosorption isotherms of uranium onto the raw and chemically modified biomass were also investigated with varying uranium concentrations. Langmuir and Freundlich models were well able to explain the sorption equilibrium data with satisfactory correlation coefficients higher than 0.9.
► Uranium biosorption on to chemically modified yeast cells ► Cells before and after uranium sorption were investigate by FTIR spectroscopy ► Amino and carboxyl groups were important functional groups involved in uranium binding ► The sorption equilibrium date of raw and chemically modified biomass fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich models
Facial cleft involves complex malformations. No study assessed the facial deformity of Tessier No. 0 cleft with a bifid nose. Thus, we used anthropometric measurements to access the nose in patients.
...A total of 24 bifid nose deformities underwent surgery at our institution between 2010 and 2019. Standardized photographs were taken preoperatively and postoperatively. Landmarks were identified on these images; measurements for nasal analysis were performed and compared with the established Chinese norms. Surgical method differences were also analyzed.
The median follow-up time was 2.51 years. Postoperatively, there is a significant difference in comparison with preoperative in the nasal index, medial canthus and nose width index, nasolabial angle, nasofacial angle, ala length and nasal bridge length index, nasal tip protrusion and nasal width index, and nasal width and ala length index. Furthermore, the medial canthus and nose width index, and nasal width and ala length index were significantly larger in ordinary people, while ala length and nasal bridge length index and nasal tip protrusion and nasal width index were smaller. After surgery, most angles and index were standard except the nasolabial angle in the females, and ala length and nasal bridge length index in the males. Moreover, as for the group of costal cartilage transplantation, most index and angles have improved after surgery including nasolabial angle, nasofacial angle, ala length and nasal bridge length index, nasal tip protrusion and nasal width index, and nasal width and ala length index. However, only nasal tip protrusion and nasal width index, columella length and nasal tip protrusion index, and nasal width and ala length index in the silicone prosthesis group implantation has significance. Costal cartilage transplantation can also better improve ala length and nasal bridge length index than the silicone prosthesis implantation.
Most defects can be repaired with surgery, but the outcome has a lack of evaluation. Thus, anthropometric assessment can serve as a material for nasal and reconstructive surgery.
Two new indole alkaloids, 21-oxokoumine (1) and furanokoumine (2), were isolated from the roots of Gelsemium elegans Benth together with three known compounds. The structures of the two novel ...compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, CD and molecular modeling. Compound 1 is the first instance of a koumine-type alkaloid with a carbonyl at the C-21 position, while compound 2 possesses a tetrahydrofuran ring located on C-20 and C-21.
In modern education, colleges and universities should teach students in accordance of their aptitude, in the light of their mental health. This paper empirically analyzes the demographic features and ...mental health status of college students, and their recognition of the mental health education system, and discusses how to optimize mental health education curriculum and construct the theoretical basis of mental health education system. The research data were collected through a questionnaire survey. The result show that it is possible to identify the problems with the mental health education system through analyzing the demographic features and mental health status of college students; the merits and defects of the system can be tested by assessing the students’ cognition, internalization and comprehensive quality; the curriculum design of mental health must fully consider the theory of positive psychology. The research results provide a good reference for the curriculum design and teaching theory of mental health education in colleges and universities.
Abstract This investigation examined the effects of zinc status on cell proliferation and the synergic roles of the metallothionein (MT) and zinc transporter (ZnT) in the human colon adenocarcinoma ...cell line Caco-2. Cells were treated with 0 to 300 μmol/L ZnSO4 or 0 to 10 μmol/L N , N , N ′, N ′-tetrakis(2-phridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN). Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and apoptotic cells detected by flow cytometry (Hoechst 33258 dye). mRNA expression of MT1; ZnT1; zrt, irt-like protein 1, 4 (ZIP1, 4); and divalent metal transporter (DMT1) were determined by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that either high or low zinc could inhibit the cell proliferation. The number of apoptotic cells increased with incremental increases in the concentrations of ZnSO4 and TPEN. The mRNA expression of ZnT1 and MT1 responded significantly after 6 and 12 hours with 200 μmol/L zinc treatment, respectively, and increased gradually with zinc levels from 0 to 200 μmol/L. Compared with the unchanged ZIP1 mRNA expression, ZIP4 was closely dependent on TPEN treatment duration and concentration. The DMT1 mRNA expression was upregulated time-dependently but not concentration-dependently in the late TPEN treatment duration. The results suggest that ZIP4 and DMT1 mRNA expressions are susceptible to low extracellular zinc concentration and upregulated to enhance zinc absorption, whereas the ZnT1 and MT1 act as the key regulators under high zinc conditions to enhance the intracellular zinc efflux to maintain zinc homeostasis. We propose that in response to variations in zinc concentration, the cooperated regulative roles of ZnT1, MT1, DMT1, and ZIP4 contribute to zinc homeostasis.
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