•A sequence transfer correction algorithm (STCA) for NWP wind speed is proposed.•By applying STCA, the NWP wind speed error is reduced by 0.1–2.3 m/s in 2 wind farms.•The wind power forecasting ...accuracy is improved by 1.7–16.1% in 2 wind farms.
Little Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) error may incur huge error in wind power forecasting due to the cubic relationship between wind speed and wind power. The current correction algorithms for NWP wind speed are all based on the priori statistics laws of NWP error at the same time, i.e., the mapping relationship between NWP error and NWP wind speed at time t + 1. However, this mapping relationship has strong random uncertainty, which limits the correction accuracy of existing algorithms. To address this problem, a sequence transfer correction algorithm (STCA) for NWP wind speed is proposed in this paper. In addition to the NWP wind speed at time t + 1, the measured wind speed at time t is also introduced as an input variable in the wind speed correction model, thus the sequence transfer relationship is incorporated, and the certainty of the mapping relationship between inputs and outputs of the correction model is improved. By applying STCA, 5 frequently-used models are established for correcting the NWP wind speed error. The actual operation data of two wind farms in northern and southern China are taken as examples for this study. The correction error for NWP wind speed is reduced by 0.2–1.5 m/s in wind farm 1 and 0–0.7 m/s in wind farm 2, when compared with the second-ranking algorithm model. It can be seen that the proposed correction algorithm for NWP wind speed has higher accuracy in both ultra-short-term and short-term time scales, and has strong generalization ability to different correction models. To validate that the proposed correction algorithm can be used for real applications, STCA is also applied to the wind power forecasting system for these 2 wind farms. Results show that the wind power forecasting accuracy is improved by 3.2–16.1% in wind farm 1 and 1.7–7.5% in wind farm 2.
An alkynyl‐protected gold nanocluster, Au22(tBuC≡C)18 (1), has been synthesized and its structure has been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The molecular structure consists of a Au13 ...cuboctahedron kernel and three Au3(tBuC≡C)4 trimeric staples. The cluster 1 has strong luminescence in the solid state with a 15 % quantum yield, and it displays interesting thermochromic luminescence as revealed by temperature‐dependent emission spectra. The enhanced room‐temperature emission is characterized as thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
Total determination: The total structure determination of an alkynyl‐protected gold nanocluster, Au22(tBuC≡C)18, has been achieved. It consists of a Au13 cuboctahedron kernel and three Au3(tBuC≡C)4 trimeric staples. The cluster displays strong thermochromic luminescence characterized as thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
Chiral B/N embedded multi‐resonance (MR) emitters open a new paradigm of circularly polarized (CP) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) owing to their unique narrowband spectra. However, pure‐red ...CP‐MR emitters and devices remain exclusive in literature. Herein, by introducing a B‐N covalent bond to lower the electron‐withdrawing ability of the para‐positioned B‐π‐B motif, the first pair of pure‐red double hetero‐nhelicenes (n = 6 and 7) CP‐MR emitter peaking 617 nm with a small full‐width at half‐maximum of 38 nm and a high photoluminescence quantum yield of ≈100% in toluene is developed. The intense mirror‐image CP light produced by the enantiomers is characterized by high photoluminescence dissymmetry factors (gPL) of +1.40/−1.41 × 10−3 from their stable helicenes configuration. The corresponding devices using these enantiomers afford impressive CP electroluminescence dissymmetry factors (gEL) of +1.91/−1.77 × 10−3, maximum external quantum efficiencies of 36.6%/34.4% and Commission Internationale de I’Éclairage coordinates of (0.67, 0.33), exactly satisfying the red‐color requirement specified by National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) standard. Notably a remarkable long LT95 (operational time to 95% of the initial luminance) of ≈400 h at an initial brightness of 10,000 cd m−2 is also observed for the same device, representing the most stable CP‐OLED up to date.
Here the first pair of pure‐red circularly polarized (CP) multiple resonance emitters is presented using a boron‐nitrogen covalent bond to lower the electron‐withdrawing ability of the boron atom, and devices possessing maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 36.6% are constructed, circularly polarizing electroluminescence with dissymmetry factor of 1.91 × 10−3 and a long operational lifetime of > 400 h.
Previous efforts on data-based reconstruction focused on complex networks with pairwise or two-body interactions. There is a growing interest in networks with higher-order or many-body interactions, ...raising the need to reconstruct such networks based on observational data. We develop a general framework combining statistical inference and expectation maximization to fully reconstruct 2-simplicial complexes with two- and three-body interactions based on binary time-series data from two types of discrete-state dynamics. We further articulate a two-step scheme to improve the reconstruction accuracy while significantly reducing the computational load. Through synthetic and real-world 2-simplicial complexes, we validate the framework by showing that all the connections can be faithfully identified and the full topology of the 2-simplicial complexes can be inferred. The effects of noisy data or stochastic disturbance are studied, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed framework.
The first all‐amidinate‐protected gold nanocluster Au28(Ph−form)12(OTf)2 (Ph‐form=N,N′‐diphenylformamidinate) (Au28) has been synthesized and structurally resolved. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction ...reveals that Au28 has a compact Au4@Au24 tetrahedral core–shell structure of T symmetry, which is fully protected by 12 bridging formamidinate ligands. This cluster is quite robust as indicated by the fact that it can stay intact in solution at 80 °C for 6 d. It exhibits excellent catalytic performance for the electroreduction of CO2 with 96.5 % Faradaic efficiency (FE) at −0.57 V and a maximum TOF of 1731 h−1 at −0.87 V. Its superior stability is also manifested in the fact that the supported catalyst Au28/CNTs maintains stable potentials at ca. −0.69 V for 40 h with FE(CO)s>91 %. A superatomic electron configuration of 1S21P62S21D4 has been clarified by DFT computations, and the strong gold–ligand binding and geometric shell closure account for the superior stability of Au28.
The first all‐amidinate‐supported gold nanocluster Au28 has been synthesized and structurally resolved. This cluster is quite robust manifested by the fact that it can stay intact in solution at 80 °C for 6 d and maintain high FE(CO)s and activity over 40 hour operation for electroreduction of CO2. The strong gold–ligand binding and geometric closure account for the superior stability of Au28.
Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/cinnamon essential oil/β-cyclodextrin (PVA/CEO/β-CD) antimicrobial nanofibrous film with average diameter 240 ± 40 nm was successfully fabricated under the optimal ...conditions. The data of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that CEO was encapsulated into β-CD cavity and there existed molecular interaction among PVA, CEO and β-CD, which enhanced the thermal stability of CEO. Water contact angle analysis showed that addition of CEO/β-CD made the nanofibrous film more hydrophilic. The PVA/CEO/β-CD nanofibrous film exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was approximate 0.9–1 mg/mL (corresponding CEO concentration 8.9–9.9 μg/mL) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was approximate 7–8 mg/mL (corresponding CEO concentration 69.3–79.2 μg/mL). Furthermore, the mild electrospinning process was favorable for maintaining greater CEO in the film resulting in an improved antimicrobial activity compared with that of casting film. In addition, the PVA/CEO/β-CD nanofibrous film can effectively prolong the shelf-life of strawberry, indicating it is potential for the application in active food packaging.
•The electrospun PVA/CEO/β-CD nanofibrous film was successfully fabricated.•Electrospinning is favorable for keeping CEO in nanofilm compared with casting method.•PVA/CEO/β-CD nanofilm has strong antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aueus.•PVA/CEO/β-CD nanofilm can effectively prolong the shelf-life of strawberry.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. The specific cellular gene alterations responsible for hepatocarcinogenesis are not well known. Cytokine-induced ...antiapoptotic molecule (CIAPIN1), a recently reported antiapoptotic molecule which plays an essential role in mouse definitive hematopoiesis, is considered a downstream effecter of the receptor tyrosine kinase–Ras signaling pathway. However, the exact function of this gene in tumors is not clear. In this study, we reported that CIAPIN1 is highly expressed in HCC as compared with non-tumor hepatic tissue (P < 0.05). We employed adenovirus-mediated RNA interference technique to knock down CIAPIN1 expression in HCC cells and observed its effects on HCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Among the four HCC and one normal human liver cell lines we analyzed, CIAPIN1 was highly expressed in HCC cells. Knock down of CIAPIN1 could inhibit HCC cell proliferation by inhibiting the cell cycle S-phase entry. Soft agar colony formation assay indicated that the colony-forming ability of SMMC-7721 cells decreased by ∼70% after adenovirus AdH1-small interfering RNA (siRNA)/CIAPIN1 infection. In vivo experiments showed that adenovirus AdH1-siRNA/CIAPIN1 inhibited the tumorigenicity of SMMC-7721 cells and significantly suppressed tumor growth when injected directly into tumors. These results suggest that knock down of CIAPIN1 by adenovirus-delivered siRNA may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treatment of HCC in which CIAPIN1 is overexpressed.
•A coupled disease-awareness model incorporating the asymptomatic state and the self-initiated awareness mechanism is proposed within the multiplex network framework.•The microscopic Markov chain ...approach is developed to study the effects of the asymptomatic state and the self-initiated awareness mechanism on the dynamics of awareness and epidemic.•The critical thresholds of two kinds of disease-awareness models are analytically derived.
There has been growing interest in exploring the coupled epidemic-awareness dynamics within the multiplex network framework. Nevertheless, two important factors are not considered in the existing works, one is that the asymptomatic state is ignored in many epidemic dynamics, which can significantly affect the awareness and the epidemic dynamics simultaneously. The other is that the self-initiated awareness mechanism is omitted, which addresses that individuals can be altered spontaneously by the infected neighbors rather than just be informed by others. To this arm, we propose a novel coupled epidemic-awareness model in multiplex networks by incorporating these two factors and investigate their impacts on the dynamics of epidemic and awareness. Based on the microscopic Markov chain approach and Monte-Carlo simulation, our findings indicate that the asymptomatic state makes people underestimate the risk of disease, leading to insufficient diffusion of awareness and further inducing the outbreak of epidemic. On the contrary, even though the self-initiated mechanism plays a positive role on the control of epidemic, whose effect is also weakened by the existence of the asymptomatic state. More importantly, a fundamental quantity underlying the spreading dynamics–the epidemic threshold is analytically derived.
Summary
Aims
Our study aims to investigate the effect of microRNA‐21 (miR‐21) on the proliferation, senescence, and apoptosis of glioma cells by targeting SPRY1 via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling ...pathway.
Methods
Glioma tissues and brain tissues were collected for this study after surgical decompression for traumatic brain injury. RT‐qPCR was employed to measure mRNA levels of miR‐21, SPRY1, PTEN, PI3K, and AKT, and Western blotting was conducted to determine protein levels of SPRY1, PTEN, PI3K, AKT, p‐AKT, Caspase‐3, Caspase‐9, P53, GSK3, and p‐GSK3. Human glioma U87 cells were assigned into the blank, negative control (NC), miR‐21 mimics, miR‐21 inhibitors, siRNA‐SPRY1, and miR‐21 inhibitors + siRNA‐SPRY1 groups, with human HEB cells serving as the normal group. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were determined by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively.
Results
Compared with control group, an increased expression of miR‐21, PI3K, AKT, p‐AKT, P53, and p‐GSK3, and a decreased expression of SPRY1, PTEN, Caspase‐3, and Caspase‐9 were observed in the glioma group, and no significant differences were found in the expression of GSK3. SPRY1 was verified to be the target gene of miR‐21. Compared with the blank and NC groups, levels of PI3K, AKT, p‐AKT, P53, and p‐GSK3 increased while levels of SPRY1, PTEN, Caspase‐3, and Caspase‐9 decreased in the miR‐21 mimics and siRNA‐SPRY1 groups; the miR‐21 inhibitors group reversed the tendency; furthermore, the miR‐21 inhibitors group showed decreased cell proliferation but promoted apoptosis, which were opposite to the results of the miR‐21 mimics and siRNA‐SPRY1 groups.
Conclusion
MicroRNA‐21 might promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell senescence and apoptosis of human glioma cells by targeting SPRY1 via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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