With the advancement of science and technology, the relationship between vocal singing training methods and big data technology is getting closer and closer. The application of training methods is a ...means of expressing vocal compositions. Emotional expression is the ultimate purpose and meaning of method optimization. Training methods and emotional expression are equally important in vocal singing, and both are indispensable. In this paper, a VSSA-separation model is established based on the Vocal Signal Separation Algorithm (VSSA). Focus on optimizing the training method of vocal singing. Through in-depth discussion of existing works, I try to find its inner influence and outer connection. In order to better understand the grasp and application of vocal singing method and emotional expression balance. It can be seen from the calculation that the image shaping in the song language accounts for 83% of the optimization of the training method. Inverse word processing in song language has a different proportion of the optimization of the training method. It accounts for 71% of English operas. It accounts for only 13% of Chinese operas. Artistic effects have the highest average optimization difficulty among the training methods. Its optimization difficulty is as high as 89%.
Based on analyzing the curriculum of teacher education in colleges and universities, this paper proposes the key factors of the innovative curriculum system of teacher education, i.e., the innovation ...of teacher curriculum and teaching materials. Based on the method of correlation analysis to construct a curriculum system oriented to teacher education innovation, the systematic cluster analysis method is used to study the proper classification of the curriculum system by calculating the Euclidean distance for R-type clustering, showing the clustering process and results of the whole curriculum system. The similarity coefficient of student achievement is used to measure the degree of similarity between the variables, and according to the results of clustering analysis of teachers’ educational research situation, it is proposed to meet the needs of teachers’ educational research. The values of educational research results of teachers with external influence are 3.63, 2.32, 2.45, 3.56, 3.34. i.e., the degree of influence of the educational research results of teachers with external influence on the school and outside of the school is much greater than the degree of influence on the classroom team and grade team.
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate whether aggregate and sectoral disbursement of aid for trade (AfT) facilitates achieving gender equality and women empowerment in aid-recipient ...developing countries for the period 2005–2019.Design/methodology/approachThe study develops static and dynamic panel data and empirical specifications and employs fixed effects and generalised method of moments (GMM) estimation techniques to estimate the impact of aggregate AfT and different categories of AfT on women empowerment. The study uses the Gender Inequality Index (GII) and Global Gender Gap Index (GGI) as the proxy measures of SDG-5, where the higher (lower) value of GII (GGI) implies higher gender disparities and lower women empowerment, and vice versa.FindingsThe study finds that aggregate AfT and aid disbursement for the development of economic infrastructure, productive capability building and trade policy and regulations contribute significantly to achieve women empowerment by reducing gender inequalities concerning the labour force and political participation, education enrolment and better healthcare and by increasing gender gap index in relation to economic participation, educational attainment, health and survival and political empowerment. The impact of aggregate AfT and its different categories is found significant only in low- and lower-middle-income developing countries. The findings also indicate that the impact of AfT is not noticeably different across different regions of the world as well as the religious belief of the developing countries.Practical implicationsThe study recommends that more allocation of gender-responsive AfT, whether aggregated or disaggregated, significantly helps women empowerment and assists developing economies to achieve SDG-5.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few that investigate the impact of aggregate AfT on gender inequality and women empowerment. This is the foremost study that examines the effects of each individual category of AfT on women empowerment vis-à-vis SDG-5.
A novel image encryption algorithm making using of hyper-chaos and DNA sequence is presented here. A four-dimensional hyper-chaos system is used to generate the pseudo-random sequence, which is ...transformed into a biologic DNA sequence to diffuse the image blocks. A circular permutation is performed on the plain-image when it is in DNA status. Together with classical structure of permutation plus diffusion, the simulation results show that the proposed image encryption algorithm has a satisfactory performance. Moreover, our method can resist the known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks with four parameters
r
i
(
i
= 1,2,3,4) dependent on the plain-image. These parameters generate different key streams for different plain-image even if the initial conditions are the same.
This study investigated the influence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on lung function in early convalescence phase.
A retrospective study of COVID-19 patients at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital ...of Sun Yat-sen University were conducted, with serial assessments including lung volumes (TLC), spirometry (FVC, FEV1), lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO),respiratory muscle strength, 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and high resolution CT being collected at 30 days after discharged.
Fifty-seven patients completed the serial assessments. There were 40 non-severe cases and 17 severe cases. Thirty-one patients (54.3%) had abnormal CT findings. Abnormalities were detected in the pulmonary function tests in 43 (75.4%) of the patients. Six (10.5%), 5(8.7%), 25(43.8%) 7(12.3%), and 30 (52.6%) patients had FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, TLC, and DLCO values less than 80% of predicted values, respectively. 28 (49.1%) and 13 (22.8%) patients had PImax and PEmax values less than 80% of the corresponding predicted values. Compared with non-severe cases, severe patients showed higher incidence of DLCO impairment (75.6%vs42.5%, p = 0.019), higher lung total severity score (TSS) and R20, and significantly lower percentage of predicted TLC and 6MWD. No significant correlation between TSS and pulmonary function parameters was found during follow-up visit.
Impaired diffusing-capacity, lower respiratory muscle strength, and lung imaging abnormalities were detected in more than half of the COVID-19 patients in early convalescence phase. Compared with non-severe cases, severe patients had a higher incidence of DLCO impairment and encountered more TLC decrease and 6MWD decline.
This paper presents a new asymmetric image encryption and hiding algorithm based on SHA-3 and compressive sensing. First, to resist the chosen-plaintext attack (CPA) and the known-plaintext attack ...(KPA), SHA-3 is employed to calculate the hash values of the plain image, and they are transformed into the initial values of the chaotic map. Second, the plain image is divided into blocks which are processed by sparse transform, scrambling, compressive measurement, and merged. Then they are quantized and scrambled again to get an encrypted image. Third, the encrypted image is filled with zeros to the same size as the plain image. Then three numbers from the hundreds digit, tens digit, and single digit of each pixel are extracted respectively. Finally, the carrier image is transformed by integer wavelet transform (IWT) to get four coefficients, and then the above three numbers are embedded into low-frequency coefficients respectively. By inverse IWT, the carrier image containing secrets (CICS) can be obtained. The experimental results show that the algorithm has strong imperceptibility and key sensitivity. Especially, when the embedding coefficient is set to 1.0, the NC value between the carrier image (CI) and the CICS can reach 0.9999, and the PSNR value can reach about 43 dB.
Oligomeric surfactants display the novel properties of low surface activity, low critical micellar concentration and enhanced viscosity, but no CO2 switchable oligomeric surfactants have been ...developed so far. The introduction of CO2 can convert tertiary amine reversibly to quaternary ammonium salt, which causes switchable surface activity. In this study, epoxidized soybean oil was selected as a raw material to synthesize a CO2-responsive oligomeric surfactant. After addition and removal of CO2, the conductivity analyzing proves that the oligomeric surfactant had a good response to CO2 stimulation. The viscosity of the oligomeric surfactant solution increased obviously after sparging CO2, but returned to its initial low viscosity in the absence of CO2. This work is expected to open a new window for the study of bio-based CO2-stimulated oligomeric surfactants.
Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a member of the apolipoprotein family with diverse functions. It is associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of several types of tumors. However, the role of serum ...apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) in the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate its influence on clinical outcomes in patients with DLBCL.
We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 1583 consecutive DLBCL patients admitted to the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital between January 2011 and December 2021. 949 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value for serum ApoA1 levels for prognostic prediction among patients with DLBCL. The correlations between serum ApoA1 levels and clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed. Prognostic significance was analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.
Newly diagnosed patients with DLBCL demonstrated low serum ApoA1 levels (< 0.925 g/L), had more B symptoms, higher levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (>upper limit of normal), poorer performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 2-4), higher percentage of advanced stage and non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype, more cases of > 1 extranodal site, higher International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (3-5), and higher incidence of relapse or refractory diseases compared with those with high serum ApoA1 levels (≥ 0.925 g/L). Low serum ApoA1 levels were an independent adverse prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) but not progression-free survival (PFS).
Low serum ApoA1 levels were associated with poor treatment response and inferior survival in newly diagnosed patients with DLBCL.
As a group of naturally occurring peptides in various foods, γ-glutamyl peptides possess a unique Kokumi taste and health benefits. However, few studies have focused on the functionality of ...γ-glutamyl peptides. In this study, the γ-glutamyl
-tryptophan peptides were synthesized from a solution of glutamine (Gln) and tryptophan (Trp) employing L-glutaminase from
. Four different γ-glutamyl peptides were identified from the reaction mixture by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Under optimal conditions of pH 10, 37 °C, 3 h, 0.1 mol/L Gln: 0.1 mol/L Trp = 1:3, and glutaminase at 0.1% (
/
), the yields of γ-l-glutamyl-l-tryptophan (γ-EW), γ-l-glutamyl-γ-l-glutamyl-l-tryptophan (γ-EEW) and γ-l-glutamyl-γ-l-glutamyl-γ-l-glutamyl-l-tryptophan (γ-EEEW) were 51.02%, 26.12% and 1.91% respectively. The antioxidant properties of the reaction mixture and the two peptides (γ-EW, γ-EEW) identified from the reaction media were further compared. Results showed that γ-EW exhibited the highest DPPH
, ABTS
and O
-scavenging activity (EC
= 0.2999 mg/mL, 67.6597 μg/mL and 5.99 mg/mL, respectively) and reducing power (EC
= 4.61 mg/mL), while γ-EEW demonstrated the highest iron-chelating activity (76.22%). Thus, the synthesized mixture may be used as a potential source of antioxidant peptides for food and nutraceutical applications.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal tumors in the world with a poor prognosis. Thus, an accurate prediction model, which identify patients within high risk of pancreatic ...adenocarcinoma is needed to adjust the treatment and elevate the prognosis of these patients.
We obtained RNAseq data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) from UCSC Xena database, identified immune-related lncRNAs (irlncRNAs) by correlation analysis, and identified differential expressed irlncRNAs (DEirlncRNAs) between pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues from TCGA and normal pancreatic tissues from TCGA and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). Further univariate and lasso regression analysis were performed to construct prognostic signature model. Then, we calculated the areas under curve and identified the best cut-off value to identify high- and low-risk patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The clinical characteristics, immune cell infiltration, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and chemoresistance were compared between high- and low-risk patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
We identified 20 DEirlncRNA pairs and grouped the patients by the best cut-off value. We proved that our prognostic signature model possesses a remarkable efficiency to predict prognosis of PAAD patients. The AUC for ROC curve was 0.905 for 1-year prediction, 0.942 for 2-year prediction, and 0.966 for 3-year prediction. Patients in high-risk group have poor survival rate and worse clinical characteristics. We also proved that patients in high-risk groups were in immunosuppressive status and may be resistant to immunotherapy. Anti-cancer drug evaluation was performed based on in-silico predated tool, such as paclitaxel, sorafenib, and erlotinib, may be suitable for PAAD patients in high-risk group.
Overall, our study constructed a novel prognostic risk model based on pairing irlncRNAs, exhibited a promising prediction value in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Our prognostic risk model may help distinguish PAAD patients suitable for medical treatments.
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