Electromagnetic image and optical image have their own advantages in target feature extraction: the imaging plane of electromagnetic sensor is parallel to the line of sight of sensor, while the ...imaging plane of optical sensor is perpendicular to the line of sight of sensor, the information provided by these two imaging planes is complementary; Optical image has superiority in outline extraction, yet the basic structure of scattering center can be judged based on electromagnetic image. A method synthesising the advantages of electromagnetism and optics, and utilizing the scattering centers of ISAR image and the corners of visual image to reconstruct the 3D object is proposed in this paper, by which more information of the target will be obtained.
Attitude information of space targets is an important basis for judging whether their working state is stable. In this paper, an attitude estimation method of space targets based on 3D reconstruction ...of ISAR image spindle is proposed. First, the Radon transform is used to extract the main axis and the sun plate axis of space targets from the ISAR image. Then, two ISAR images are used to reconstruct the three-dimensional axial, and the rolling axis and pitch axis of the target in the orbit coordinate system are acquired. Finally, the flying attitude of space target is calculated by Euler angle and coordinate system definition. This method can estimate the 3D attitude angle of space target more accurately. The validity of the method is verified by dynamic simulation data.
The adsorption behavior of D301 for molybdenum blue was investigated. The thermodynamics parameters in adsorption process were calculated and the adsorption kinetics was studied. The experimental ...results show that the adsorption characteristic of D301 for molybdenum blue fits well with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation. In the adsorption process of D301 for molybdenum blue, both the enthalpy change ΔH and entropy change ΔS are positive, while the free energy change ΔG is negative when temperatures are in the range of 303-333 K. It is indicated that the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process, and the elevated temperatures benefit to the adsorption. Kinetic studies show that the kinetic data are well described by double driving-force model, and the adsorption rate of molybdenum blue on D301 is controlled by the intraparticle diffusion during the adsorption process. The total kinetic equation is determined.
Data on the epidemiology of invasive candidiasis (IC) and the antifungal susceptibility of
isolates in China are still limited. Here we report on surveillance for IC from the China Hospital Invasive ...Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) study. Sixty-five tertiary hospitals collected 8,829
isolates from 1 August 2009 to 31 July 2014. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry supplemented by ribosomal DNA sequencing was used to define the species, and the fluconazole and voriconazole susceptibilities were determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute disk diffusion method. A total of 32
species were identified.
was the most common species (44.9%), followed by the
complex (20.0%),
(17.2%), and the
complex (10.8%), with other species comprising <3% of isolates. However, in candidemia, the proportion of cases caused by
was only 32.3%.
and
complex isolates were susceptible to fluconazole and voriconazole (<6% resistance), while fluconazole and azole cross-resistance rates were high in
(13.3% and 12.9%, respectively),
complex (18.7% and 14%, respectively), and uncommon
species (44.1% and 10.3%, respectively) isolates. Moreover, from years 1 to 5 of the study, there was a significant increase in the rates of resistance to fluconazole among
complex isolates (12.2% to 24.0%) and to both fluconazole (5.7% to 21.0%) and voriconazole (5.7% to 21.4%) among
isolates (
< 0.01 for all comparisons). Geographic variations in the causative species and susceptibilities were noted. Our findings indicate that antifungal resistance has become noteworthy in China, and enhanced surveillance is warranted.
Achieving asymptotical cooperative goal for multi-agent systems (MASs) with non-autonomous leaders (i.e., leaders with nonzero inputs) is a critical but challenging issue. Traditional approach is to ...use discontinuous controllers which may cause chattering phenomenon in practical applications. How to achieve the asymptotical goal via a chattering free cooperative controller remains to be open so far. In this paper, an adaptive continuous controller is designed to achieve zero error consensus tracking in multiple Lur’e systems with a non-autonomous leader under directed switching topology. Firstly, an unknown input observer (UIO) based on relative outputs is given to estimate the relative full states. Then an adaptive continuous controller is designed by introducing a decay function which remains positive into the term that plays the role of eliminating the impacts of leader’s nonzero inputs. Secondly, by using multiple Lyapunov functions (MLFs) technique, it is proven that zero error consensus tracking can be achieved if the average dwell time (ADT) is greater than a positive threshold. Finally, theoretical result is verified by performing simulations on Chua’s circuits. Compared with existing work, the proposed controller can not only achieve asymptotical consensus, but also is chattering free.
Abstract
Background
Only a few cases have been reported about clinical value of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in patients with stenosis of a ...re-implanted left main coronary artery (LMCA).
Case summary
We herein report a rare case of restenosis after direct reimplantation of an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) in a 15-year-old girl. At the first evaluation, she had mildly reduced systolic dysfunction with left ventricular ejection fraction of 47%. Three months after surgical repair, the patient developed recurrent precordial pain. Consequent imaging tests and IVUS revealed a restenosis of the LMCA characterized as an attenuated plaque with a large plaque burden. A drug-eluting stent was implanted with IVUS guidance. Follow-up revealed a patent LMCA and preserved systolic function.
Discussion
The current case demonstrated that IVUS-guided PCI can be feasible in the treatment of coronary artery stenosis after repair of an ALCAPA. Further study is needed to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of this condition and the clinical value of PCI and IVUS in patients with stenosis of the LMCA.
The influence of gravity on the reaction engineering of tubular reactor is studied by analyzing the residence time distribution curves.The results show that upflow-feeding mode is more beneficial ...compared with downflow-feeding mode,since the flow pattern of the fluid in the reactor is closer to plug flow.The result of dynamic experiment conducted in ion-exchange of tungsten metallurgy is as good as that in reaction engineering of ion-exchange column.Whether downflow-feeding or upflow-feeding mode is adopted,breakthrough time decreases when solution concentration increases.Upflow-feeding mode has longer breakthrough time and greater improvement in adsorption capacity especially with high WO3 concentration in ion-exchange.
Background
There have been reports of increasing azole resistance in
Candida tropicalis
, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. Here we report on the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of
C. ...tropicalis
causing invasive candidiasis in China, from a 9-year surveillance study.
Methods
From August 2009 to July 2018,
C. tropicalis
isolates (
n
= 3702) were collected from 87 hospitals across China. Species identification was carried out by mass spectrometry or rDNA sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility was determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute disk diffusion (CHIF-NET10–14,
n
= 1510) or Sensititre YeastOne (CHIF-NET15–18,
n
= 2192) methods.
Results
Overall, 22.2% (823/3702) of the isolates were resistant to fluconazole, with 90.4% (744/823) being cross-resistant to voriconazole. In addition, 16.9 (370/2192) and 71.7% (1572/2192) of the isolates were of non-wild-type phenotype to itraconazole and posaconazole, respectively. Over the 9 years of surveillance, the fluconazole resistance rate continued to increase, rising from 5.7 (7/122) to 31.8% (236/741), while that for voriconazole was almost the same, rising from 5.7 (7/122) to 29.1% (216/741), with no significant statistical differences across the geographic regions. However, significant difference in fluconazole resistance rate was noted between isolates cultured from blood (27.2%, 489/1799) and those from non-blood (17.6%, 334/1903) specimens (
P
-value < 0.05), and amongst isolates collected from medical wards (28.1%, 312/1110) versus intensive care units (19.6%, 214/1092) and surgical wards (17.9%, 194/1086) (Bonferroni adjusted
P
-value < 0.05). Although echinocandin resistance remained low (0.8%, 18/2192) during the surveillance period, it was observed in most administrative regions, and one-third (6/18) of these isolates were simultaneously resistant to fluconazole.
Conclusion
The continual decrease in the rate of azole susceptibility among
C. tropicalis
strains has become a nationwide challenge in China, and the emergence of multi-drug resistance could pose further threats. These phenomena call for effective efforts in future interventions.
Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection, often occurring in genital candidiasis, has increased dramatically recently. Developing an efficient C. albicans typing method may contribute to ...understanding its epidemiological characteristics and guiding efficient treatment. We used rapid microsatellite genotyping assay for interstrain differentiation of C. albicans isolates and explored some characteristics of its spread.
DNA was extracted from C. albicans isolates from gentalia, recta and mouths of 39 female cases and 27 male cases of genital candidiasis. Three fluorescent primers for the microsatellite markers in conserved genes (CDC3, EF3 and HIS3) of C. albicans were used to amplify the isolates DNA by PCR. Fluorescent signals were read with an automatic sequencer and analyzed with GeneScan software.
Analysis of the three microsatellites markers showed 18 gene allelic associations in genital C. albicans infected patients: 10 allelic associations in female and 11 allelic associations in male, of which 3 allelic associations shared by both genders covered 71% of infections. The most dominant allele association of pathogenic strains for both genders was 116:124, 122:131, 160:200 that covered about 50% of infection. Gentalia and recta shared the same strains in 80% of female patients, but in only 3.8% of male patients. There were 2.7% female patients, but no males, with same strain in both gentalia and mouths. Five of seven genital C. albicans infected couples had the same allelic associations of which 4 were the dominant pathogenic C. albicans susceptible for both genders.
The predominant allelic association of the pathogenic strain in genital C. albicans infection is 116:124, 122:131, 160:200. Vaginal pathogenic strains are probably maintained from the rectal reservoir. Pathogenic strains of male patients are probably from frequent sexual intercourse. The aggressiveness of some strains varies with gender.
One of the fundamental problems in pinning control of complex networks is selecting appropriate pinning nodes, such that the whole system is controlled. This is particularly useful for complex ...networks with huge numbers of nodes. Recent research has yielded several pinning node selection strategies, which may be efficient. However, selecting a set of pinning nodes and identifying the nodes that should be selected first remain challenging problems. In this paper, we present a network control strategy based on left Perron vector. For directed networks where nodes have the same in- and out-degrees, there has so far been no effective pinning node selection strategy, but our method can find suitable nodes. Likewise, our method also performs well for undirected networks where the nodes have the same degree. In addition, we can derive the minimum set of pinning nodes and the order in which they should be selected for given coupling strengths. Our proofs of these results depend on the properties of non-negative matrices and
M
-matrices. Several examples show that this strategy can effectively select appropriate pinning nodes, and that it can achieve better results for both directed and undirected networks.
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