The presented study deals with the space located in the attic of an older building after reconstruction. Originally, the attic space was not used, as it did not have sufficient headroom. The ...reconstruction was designed in such a way that the entire original pitched roof was gradually raised by 1.2 meters in parts, creating a full-fledged space under the pitched pitched roof. The visual connection of the interior space with the exterior was ensured by continuous strips of vertical windows around the perimeter of the building, each window measuring 600x600 mm. The space is also illuminated by several skylights at roof level, which, although they ensure sufficient penetration of daylight from above into the interior, at the same time allow for considerably unpleasant overheating. The task was to find a way to optimize the size of transparent surfaces and determine the accumulation of building structures in order to achieve an acceptable cumulative effect of daylight and overheating, i.e., permissible increase in indoor air temperature in summer. It means trying to theoretically design a suitable and comfortable interior space in the attic in an already existing building.
When discussing the energy efficiency of historic structures, increased humidity of the perimeter wall is a crucial problem. It greatly affects the choice of insulation system, because if the drying ...of the structure becomes impossible, permanently increased humidity of the structure can lead to serious damage to the perimeter structure. The contribution focuses on the interior insulation design of historical structures with various types of elevated humidity with the use of dynamic simulation techniques to evaluate the appropriateness of several thermal insulation materials. The degree of drying and the thermal-humidity response of the buildings after the historic wall has been insulated from the inside will be assessed based on the findings of HAM simulations.
The subject of the contribution is the evaluation of in-situ monitoring of an internally insulated wall in a historical building in Levoča. The paper compares the development of surface temperatures, ...temperatures under the thermal insulation and temperatures in the masonry at a depth of 100 mm when using calcium silicate board and phenolic foam. The temperatures of the insulated walls are compared with the reference temperatures of the uninsulated wall. As part of the measurements, the parameters of the internal environment are also monitored. The aim of the contribution is to quantify the effect of internal insulation on the development of temperatures in the perimeter structure and its effect on the quality of the internal environment.
The classroom space located in the attic of an old building is the subject of this study. The building was renovated and new spaces were created in the unused attic to expand classrooms. The original ...space under the sloping roof was not used because its internal headroom was not suitable. During the restoration, the entire original truss was raised gradually (in parts) by 1.2 m. This created a space with an entire area that can be used for classrooms. Continuous strips of vertical windows measuring 860/600 mm were installed in the space which enable a visual connection between the interior space and the exterior. At roof level, there are also two rows of skylights above each other which ensure enough daylight is present but create unpleasant overheating in the summer. The purpose of this study is to find a way to optimize the shading of transparent surfaces and the heat accumulation of building structures in order to achieve suitable interior conditions in the attic. This task was achieved by shading the windows in the attic. Shaded windows decrease illumination by 82% compared to unshaded ones. The percentage decrease in illumination is more significant than the decrease in the maximum temperature due to overheating. Additionally, the maximum temperature in the attic drops by only 31% if vertical and skylight windows are shaded with external blinds compared to unshaded windows. The minimum air temperature reached in the attic also drops by 26%. In order for users in the attic space to feel comfortable, it is necessary to use HVAC equipment in addition to the design of suitably built structures and window shading.
The restoration of monuments is of great interest, leading to more architecturally significant designs. Many promising approaches to building design foster a symbiosis of the old and the new. The ...paper examines the compromises between the structural and physical properties of a historic building intended for renovation, which has already undergone several renovations. Due to the limited optimization possibilities at specific levels of the renovation project, diagnostics were used during the examination of proposals. Part of the diagnostics involves measuring thermal conditions, as well as temperatures on the internal and external surfaces of the building envelopes. The study demonstrates how the properties of the outer shell affect thermal insulation and suggests methods for architects, planners and preservationists to preserve the structural forms of the facade. The goal was to show that, despite the absence of a new thermal insulation layer on the outside of the building, the standard requirements are not violated. On the inner surface of the envelope walls, the temperature does not drop below the critical value for mould growth. Additionally, there are examples of modifications to the original details and their shape after the restoration of this building.
Abstract
Main topic of the article speaks about historic building renovation in Košice. Nowadays, the building is in use as puppet theatre. The theatre suffers from various disorders caused by ...humidity. The envelope of building has been renovated several times, however, over time, the faults return over and over. The article can be divided into two parts. The first one presents the results of moisture analysis of the support wall. The samples from the facade probes were evaluated by gravimetric method. The second part of the article discusses the interior insulation of a historic building. Internal insulation is one of the solutions to reduce heat loss of historic buildings. The use of this type of insulation brings risks that affect the thermal-humidity behaviour of the perimeter structure. These risks are assessed using a simulation model. In addition to the risks, the impact of the insulation on the original wall structure and the impact on the indoor environment were also assessed. Based on the simulation results, we can assess whether the restoration approach is appropriate in this specific case of using insulation. The study shows that the initial humidity of the perimeter wall structure is an important factor for internal insulation. Before applying the internal insulation, it is necessary to examine the moisture and material properties of the masonry.
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