Commercial objects present objects with lot of people inside in almost any time moment. The crowds and jams in these objects are very often. Although these objects have a lot of evacuation routes and ...exits, much of people and stuff in limited space can cause serious problem in evacuation sense, with presence of fear and panic. These and similar objects have clearly noted evacuation routes in the case of emergency, but experience proved that with the surprise effect almost no one pay attention on noted messages and warnings on object's walls, but try to leave the object as soon as possible, very often not paying attention on injured, wounded or unconscious occupants. So, the best way for evacuation is prediction. Optimal prediction can be realized by analyse of as much as possible potential evacuation scenarios. For precise, fast, safe and cheap analyse of evacuation scenarios, routes and calculation of evacuation times, evacuation software is used. One of the best evacuation software is Pathfinder. This paper was written to show the potential evacuation scenarios and calculation of evacuation times in Pathfinder for DIS commercial object in Niš.
Smoke detectors as fire detectors present the most frequently used fire detectors from all other detectors. Their great appliance is enabled because smoke presents the consequence of f almost every ...fire. The realisation of these detectors can be in the form of point smoke detectors, in the form of linear smoke detectors and in the form of special smoke detectors. Generally, there are rules for arrangement of these detectors related to valid standards. Standards in some cases can be similar, but in some cases, there can be some differences between standards. This is specially noted for smoke detectors arrangement in special cases. One of such case is room with girts. Girts can be different located in room and can have functional or aesthetic purpose. This paper was written to present smoke detectors arrangement in room with girts, with different room`s height, related to British standard BS 5839-1 and test all potential cases using FDS simulator.
Digital violence among secondary school pupils Jevtić, Radoje
Zbornik radova (Univerzitet u Kragujevcu. Pedagoški fakultet u Užicu. Online),
2022, Volume:
2022, Issue:
24
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Today's way of working and living involves the use of many products of new technologies. Many analyses of the influence of modern technologies on people and children emphasize benefits of modern ...technologies. But there are also some very bad effects of the use of modern technologies that are much less noted. One of the very frequent and very dangerous effects of the use of modern technologies is digital violence (cyberbullying). Increasing use of mobile phones, laptops, computers, the Internet, social networks and the like caused this type of violence to become very frequent, especially among school age children. The constant increase of this type of violence implies serious and detailed strategies for their reduction and elimination. This paper had both scientific and professional goals. The scientific goal of the paper was to identify the presence and exposure extent of digital violence among secondary school pupils. The professional goal was to present the results of the research conducted by a questionnaire as well asto emphasize the importance of such survey of pupils in order to better and more effectively monitor digital violence impact on pupils. The research presented in this paper was conducted by the author of this paper and included pupils from secondary schools in Niš.
Smoke detectors generally present the most frequently used fire detectors. These detectors have great appliance because smoke presents the consequence of many fires. These detectors can be realized ...as point smoke detectors and linear smoke detectors, while special smoke detectors are used for special purposes. Their efficiency is the biggest in the cases where fuel material produces smaller or larger amounts of smoke. The use of smoke detectors in the form of linear smoke detectors is particularly significant in rooms with huge dimensions and huge ceiling height. This paper was written to present work principle of linear smoke detectors and their installation in objects related to valid standards (EN 54, BS, NPB 88-2001, VDE 088-2 and NFPA 72).
Fire protection and design of fire protection systems present very important engineering tasks in protection of human lives, animals and material properties. Because of its great significance, ...everything in fire protection and fire protection systems design must be defined by appropriate standards. There are several different standards in use in different countries around the world. Very often, in solvation of different fire protection tasks, there are many questions asked which standard should be used. There are many similarities between standards, but there are also many differences between standards. Also, some standards don't define at all some cases that can be found in fire protection. This paper was written to present solutions for some particular tasks by some valid standards (EN 54, BS, NPB 88-2001, VDE 088-2 and NFPA 72) in fire protection and differences between them in the same cases.
Modern technologies are present in almost every part of human`s life and work. One of the most important spheres of human's life is an education. The penetration of modern technologies in this life`s ...sphere is huge, especially in last several years. These facts purport that teachers, professors and other educators must introduce and teach their pupils to use these technologies on appropriate way. This role is very important and complex. Teachers must find appropriate way to realize balance between "digital" skills needed for pupils to accept the school material, use benefits of "digital" environment and continue to use and develop the imagination and other activities used by older "no digital" generations. So, teachers must continuously learn and become acquainted with modern technologies and their benefits and use them in life and work. The modern technologies are different, but in elementary schools, secondary schools and houses of students, the most frequently used are mobile phones, laptops, tablets, Internet, social networks etc. The main goal of this paper is to present the results of use of noted modern technologies in life and work of teachers. Researches presented in this paper were realized by author of this paper as longitudinal researches and included teachers in different educational institutions, such as elementary schools, secondary schools in Niš and in pupil's homes.
Fire detectors arrangement presents a very important task in fire protection. This task was defined by valid standards. Although the standards should be equal or at least similar, there are ...situations where different standards demand different rules about detectors arrangement. One of those specific situations is the corridor case. Corridor definition is different from standard to standard, so as smoke detectors arrangement in corridors. This is especially interesting with the presence of some disturbing factors, such as airflow. This paper has been written to show smoke detectors arrangement in corridors according to the five leading standards in the field of fire protection, potential airflow influence on smoke detectors reaction in dependence of different detectors arrangement and different fire location, such as advantages of simulation software usage.
Mines present places where different ore or minerals can be exploited for industrial requirements. Mine can be on surface and deep underground. Mines are opening at the location where ore or minerals ...can be found in increased amount, enough to economically justify their exploitation. Underground mines were realized mostly for more valuable materials, such as diamonds, gold, silver, uranium, coil etc. In order to reach the raw materials, many underground rooms must be dug, such as shafts, galleries and similar. Although many safety measures were taken, mine accidents do occur in mines, and take many casualties. One of the most important things if the accident happens is the evacuation. Injured miners must be removed from the mine as soon as possible. Any mistake during evacuation can lead to an increase in the time required for evacuation and very often to new accidents. This paper was written to show an example of evacuation from underground mine.
The appliance of many new technologies brought many benefits to modern society. Modern life is, generally, easier, faster and risen at the much higher level. The speed of modern technology use is ...such that it is almost impossible to have a complete view-only the benefits of modern technologies are noted. Mobile phones, laptops, tablets, drones, Internet, Facebook, Skype, 5 G network and many other examples of new technology application have lots of benefits. But, have these technologies started to be used with taking into account the potential by bad consequences that they can have? Can all potential by bad effects and consequences of modern technology use be predicted, analyzed and prevented? The main goal of this paper was to confirm and present that the increase of digital violence caused by usage of modern technologies and to show factors that are included in children protection from digital violence in Serbia. Research presented in this paper were realized by the author of the paper as longitudinal research for several years in several elementary and secondary schools in Nib, so as some research from world prove that increased use of modern technologies inevitably leads to digital violence, primarily among school age children. The paper also presents the role of different instruments in digital violence prevention and sanction in Serbia. Digital violence indeed presents a bad consequence of modern technologies and must be treated in appropriate pedagogical and legal way.
The increase in urban population leads to the lack of housing in cities. One of potential solutions for this problem is to build tall residential buildings. The height of this objects, in recent ...times, ranges from several tens of meters even to several hundreds of meters, while the number of residents ranges from several hundred even to several thousands. Although these objects have built related to modern standards and technologies, with usage of modern materials and machines, problems can happen. One of particularly complex and hard problem presents the evacuation of residents in case of some disaster. Problem is much more severe and complicated if there are people with disabilities or people with special needs in the building. The potential solution for this problem can be the usage of simulation software. This paper was written to show the usage of simulation software Pathfinder in calculation of evacuation times for different evacuation scenarios, without the presence of immobile occupants, with presence of immobile occupants in the percentage of 5 % from complete occupant's number and with presence of immobile occupants in the percentage of 10 % from complete occupant's number.
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