Global challenges, including climate change, land and ecosystem degradation, and a growing population have direct or indirect impact on natural resources and are forcing people to seek new ways of ...production and consumption that respect the ecological limits of our planet. To meet the challenges, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted by 193 countries at the United Nations Summit in September 2015. The forest-wood chain has also been identified as closely linked to sustainable development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Especially in countries with high forest cover, such as Slovenia, forest-wood chain is recognized in policy documents as key element for achieving the SDGs. The importance of the SDGs is not only recognized in national legislation, but also in relation to higher education and research institutions. With the aim to investigate how well higher education teachers and students are familiar with SDGs and whether they consider them important for the forestry and wood industry and if high education teachers and researchers integrate the SDGs into educational programs and research, survey was conducted with the employees (n=61) and students (n=185) of the University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources and Department of Wood Science and Technology. The results show that both employees and students of the Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources as well as employees and students of the Department of Wood Science are familiar with SDGs. All the respondents find SDGs important for the forestry and wood industry. All the participants especially emphasized SDG 15 - Life on land. The results also showed that, in the future, employees of both departments plan to integrate more SDGs into their educational and research process. Finally, it was concluded that educational and research institutions and integration of SDGs into their educational and research process could be an important step towards sustainability and achieving goals of 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Students who will work in the forestry and wood industry sectors in the future could integrate and promote more sustainable practises in the sectors if they have sufficient knowledge of the SDGs and high perception of sustainability.
Globalni izazovi kao što su klimatske promjene, uništavanje zemljišta i ekosustava te sve veći broj stanovnika izravno ili neizravno utječu na prirodne resurse i potiču ljude da traže nove načine proizvodnje i potrošnje koji poštuju ekološka ograničenja našeg planeta. Kako bi odgovorile na te izazove, 193 zemlje usvojile su na skupu Ujedinjenih naroda u rujnu 2015. Agendu održivog razvoja do 2030. Lanac šuma – drvo također je prepoznat kao usko povezan s održivim razvojem i ciljevima održivog razvoja (SDG). Osobito je u zemljama koje imaju veliku pokrivenost šumama, poput Slovenije, lanac šuma – drvo u političkim dokumentima prepoznat kao ključni element za postizanje ciljeva održivog razvoja. Važnost ciljeva održivog razvoja nije naglašena samo u nacionalnom zakonodavstvu već i u obrazovnim i istraživačkim institucijama. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi koliko su nastavnici i studenti u visokom obrazovanju upoznati s ciljevima održivog razvoja, smatraju li ih važnima za šumarstvo i drvnu industriju te integriraju li nastavnici i znanstvenici ciljeve održivog razvoja u obrazovne programe i istraživanja. Na Biotehničkom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Ljubljani, na Odsjeku za šumarstvo i obnovljive šumske resurse te na Odsjeku za znanost o drvu i drvnu tehnologiju, provedena je anketa sa zaposlenicima (n = 61) i studentima (n = 185). Rezultati pokazuju da su zaposlenici i studenti obaju odsjeka upoznati s ciljevima održivog razvoja. Svi ispitanici smatraju da su ciljevi održivog razvoja važni za šumarstvo i drvnu industriju. Svi su posebno istaknuli cilj održivog razvoja 15 – Život na kopnu. Rezultati su također pokazali da zaposlenici obaju odsjeka planiraju u budućnosti integrirati više ciljeva održivog razvoja u svoj obrazovni i istraživački proces. Zaključili smo da bi integracija ciljeva održivog razvoja u obrazovni i istraživački proces mogla biti važan korak prema održivosti i postizanju ciljeva Agende održivog razvoja do 2030. Studenti koji će u budućnosti raditi u sektoru šumarstva i drvne industrije mogli bi integrirati i promicati održive prakse u tim sektorima ako imaju dovoljno znanja o ciljevima održivog razvoja i visoku svijest o održivom razvoju.
Les je v krožnem biogospodarstvu prepoznan kot obetavna surovina, saj ima sposobnost skladiščenja ogljika, ki pa je pogojena z življenjsko dobo izdelka. Podaljšanje življenjske dobe lesa lahko ...dosežemo z ustrezno zaščito, pogosto z uporabo kemikalij, ki so lahko okolju in ljudem nevarne. Mineralizacija lesa s hidroksiapatitom predstavlja potencial za okolju prijazno zaščito lesa. Na primeru Plečnikove parkovne klopce, mineralizirane s hidroksiapatitom, sta bili izvedeni LCA in LCC analizi. Analiza LCA je temeljila na standardih EN ISO 14040 in EN ISO 14044, analiza LCC je bila prilagojena po vmesniku Evropske komisije za javna naročila. Pri primerjavi mineraliziranega lesa z življenjsko dobo 16 oz. 24 let z referenčnim (nemineraliziranim) lesom so rezultati pokazali, da je mineraliziran les z življenjsko dobo 24 let okolju najprijaznejša in hkrati najcenejša izbira. Največje negativne vplive na okolje je predstavljal mineraliziran les z življenjsko dobo 16 let, najdražja alternativa je bil referenčni les.
Recently, partly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, companies are increasingly shifting their activities to the Internet environment, thus accelerating the growth of online shopping. The aim of ...this study was to develop a comprehensive model for the evaluation of websites of wood companies, as a review of the literature shows that such a model does not yet exist. In developing the model, we used an innovative approach and combined the analytic hierarchy process with R-TOPSIS (technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution), which is a novelty in this field. For the final website assessment, the Website Quality Index (WQI) was developed. The main difference to other indexes is that our model has a comprehensive content background (36 criteria and sub-criteria) and a strong mathematical basis, so that it can be used to independently evaluate a single website or to evaluate a larger group of websites from the same industry. We have tested the model on 60 websites of Slovenian wood industry companies with at least ten employees. The results show the low to moderate average quality of the websites, with an average WQI of all evaluated websites of 0.450, indicating only an acceptable website. It has proven to be easy to use, and the results show the reliability of the website rating. Additionally, the designed model is an important tool for industry website developers and the basis for future studies in this field. However, it can also be applied to other areas related to wood and wood products, where the performance of objects should be evaluated with respect to multiple criteria.
Invasive tree species continue to spread, so in addition to strategies to limit this their use in the production of innovative products must be considered. This research aimed to develop and apply a ...model for calculating the cost price of invasive wood products considering the specificities of materials and production process, and is suitable for quickly assessing the economic feasibility of using the selected tree species for a given product. The TDABC method with the inclusion of fuzzy logic was used to incorporate the uncertainty of time and quality parameters. In the model, the imprecise values of these parameters are represented with triangular fuzzy numbers. Using a furniture product (dining table) made of black locust wood as an example, we demonstrated the applicability of the developed model. We found that the most probable cost price of a table made of black locust wood is comparable to the price of a product made of oak wood. In this way, we proved the potentially high economic value of invasive wood. The innovative products from invasive non-native wood species can achieve a high added value due to their visual characteristics and attractive appearance. Such use could increase interest in the (more efficient) management of invasive tree species, which would help to manage and use them efficiently. For further research, it would be useful to apply the proposed model to other invasive tree species as well as to other products.
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are main generators of employment and economic development in European Union. In Croatia and Slovenia, SMEs in wood processing (C16) and furniture manufacturing ...(C31) also play an important role in social cohesion and development of rural areas. The aim of this research was to investigate the current situation in SMEs in wood processing and furniture manufacturing regarding driving parameters of business and production management system in the time of a disturbed market situation caused by the COVID-19 global pandemic. Two different questionnaires in an e-mail survey were used to collect data for this research from companies and from experts in the field of management, production and marketing. Various statistical tests were used using seven driving parameters on data collected from 212 SMEs. Also, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used on the data collected from 20 experts. Results showed that companies in the time of pandemic crisis and during the time of major disturbances in supply chain pay the most attention to their production program and quality of their products, and then to marketing activities and situation on the market. According to the results presented in this research, the management model can help SMEs managers, micro and small enterprises in particular, to improve their decision-making process, make the necessary innovations easier and faster, and maintain the sustainable business and production management system of their companies.
In the last decade, the Slovenian furniture industry market has experienced a number of changes, especially with the arrival of new retailers on the market. The situation is such that furniture ...manufacturers and retailers are still trying to determine the best ways to adjust to new customer demands. A well known thing is that customer satisfaction is the key component for the success of the business. In order for companies to be more successful, it is important to get better insight into customers’ needs and wants. In line with this, the purpose of this study, which compare the surveys conducted in 2010 and 2019, was to observe and analyse changes in the preferences of customers for furniture: materials, attributes, and styles when deciding on new furniture in Slovenia. The results of this research showed that customers’ preferences for furniture materials have changed in the last decade. Similarly, the factors that influence their purchase decisions when buying interior and exterior furniture have changed as well. It was found that wood was widely preferred as a furniture material among the respondents in both years studied.
U posljednjem desetljeću slovensko je tržište namještaja doživjelo mnoge promjene, posebice ulaskom stranih trgovaca. Stoga proizvođači namještaja i trgovci i dalje pokušavaju odrediti najbolje načine prilagodbe novim zahtjevima kupaca. Općenito je poznato da je zadovoljstvo kupaca ključna komponenta za uspjeh poslovanja. Kako bi tvrtke bile uspješne, važno je imati što bolji uvid u potrebe i želje kupaca. U skladu s tim, cilj ovog istraživanja, koje uspoređuju ankete provedene 2010. i 2019., bila je usporedba i analiza promjena sklonosti kupaca pri odabiru i kupnji namještaja, i to u smislu materijala, svojstava i stila. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja pokazali su da su se sklonosti ispitanika u odabiru materijala namještaja u posljednjem desetljeću promijenile. Osim toga, promijenili su se i činitelji koji utječu na njihove odluke pri kupnji namještaja za vanjsku ili unutarnju upotrebu. Ispitivanja su pokazala da je drvo 2010. bio vrlo poželjan materijal za izradu namještaj, a to je i danas.
The wood industry, as a traditional sector, represents a very important part of the economy in terms of ensuring a sustainable development of society and transition to a low-carbon society in both ...countries studied, Slovenia and Croatia. For its further development, it is crucial to know the current position of the industry. The best way to achieve this is an analysis of financial data and international comparative evaluation of its operational efficiency. The aim of the research is to compare the relative efficiency of the wood industry using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MI), focusing on the Slovenian and Croatian wood industry sectors (C16 and C31) for a recent five-year period (from 2013-2017). With this purpose, the combined measure DEA/MI was applied. The analysis includes only the highest rated companies with more than fi ve employees, divided into 12 clusters regarding the company size. As a result, it was established that clusters CRO-C31- micro, CRO-C16-micro and SI-C16-larger have the highest operational efficiency, due to the effects of different financial indicators, especially activity and liquidity ratios. In general, within the grouped clusters regarding country and subsector, groups SI-C16 and CRO-C31 achieve the highest values for the average of weighted score of efficiency, while CRO-C16 achieves the lowest values.
Drvna industrija Sloveniji i Hrvatskoj tradicionalan je gospodarski sektor tih zemalja i vrlo važan dio gospodarstva u smislu osiguranja održivog razvoja društva i prijelaza na društvo s niskim udjelom ugljika. Za daljnji razvoj drvnoga sektora bitno je poznavati trenutačni položaj industrije, a najbolji način za to je analiza financijskih podataka i internacionalna usporedna procjena industrijske operativne učinkovitosti. Cilj istraživanja bio je usporediti relativnu učinkovitost drvne industrije uz pomoć analize omeđivanja podataka (DEA) i Malmquistova indeksa produktivnosti (MI), s naglaskom na slovenski i hrvatski drvnoindustrijski sektor (C16 I C 31) tijekom posljednjih pet godina (2013. – 2017.). Za tu je svrhu primijenjena kombinirana mjera DEA/MI. Analizom su obuhvaćene samo najbolje ocijenjene tvrtke s više od pet zaposlenih, koje su s obzirom na njihovu veličinu podijeljene na 12 klastera. Utvrđeno je da klasteri CRO-C31-mikro, CRO-C16-mikro i SI-C16-veliki zbog utjecaja različitih financijskih pokazatelja, posebice omjera aktivnosti i likvidnosti, imaju najveću operativnu učinkovitost. Općenito, unutar klastera grupiranih prema zemlji i podsektoru istraživanja, skupine SI-C16 i CRO-C31 pokazale su najviše vrijednosti za prosjek ponderirane ocjene učinkovitosti, a CRO-C16 imao je najniže vrijednosti.
Decisions for environment-friendly production and environmentally acceptable products are becoming a necessity and one of very important objectives of timber companies next to already existing ...economic criteria. Individual products and their manufacture have different infl uences on the pollution of the environment. Therefore it is necessary to determine the ecological quality of individual products, which means analyzing their ecological suitability during their life cycle. In our research we developed the methodology for establishing the ecological quality of furniture, based on three scientific methods: the method of life cycle analysis, ABC analysis, modified for our case, and the multi-criteria decision-making method. We analyzed the ecological quality of three kitchens of a well-known manufacturer. The results of the research are the basis for developing an optimal business strategy from the viewpoint of determining a production assortment. The used methodology is also suitable for studying other furniture products and for accepting optimal environmentally acceptable decisions in wood companies.
Analiza življenjskega cikla (LCA) je metoda ocene vplivov na okolje, ki jih ima nek izdelek ali storitev v času celotnega cikla – od pridobivanja surovin do odlaganja na deponijo. LCA sestavljajo ...štiri faze, ki se med seboj prepletajo in so standardizirane s standardoma ISO 14040:2006 in ISO 14044:2006. Zaradi vsestranske uporabnosti in celostnosti pri sprejemanju strateških odločitev uporaba LCA hitro narašča. Porast uporabe se opaža tudi v lesnopredelovalnem sektorju.
Analiza življenjskega cikla (LCA) je metoda ocene vplivov na okolje, ki jih ima nek izdelek ali storitev v času celotnega cikla – od pridobivanja surovin do odlaganja na deponijo. LCA sestavljajo ...štiri faze, ki se med seboj prepletajo in so standardizirane s standardoma ISO 14040:2006 in ISO 14044:2006. Zaradi vsestranske uporabnosti in celostnosti pri sprejemanju strateških odločitev uporaba LCA hitro narašča. Porast uporabe se opaža tudi v lesnopredelovalnem sektorju.
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