Novel sequencing designs are necessary to supplement the recognized knowledge of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-related genomic alterations. In this study, we sequenced 28 target genes in 320 Chinese ...MDS patients but obtained 77.2% of recall factors and 82.8% of genetic abnormalities (including karyotype abnormalities). In addition to known relationships among mutations, some specific chromosomal abnormalities were found to link to specific gene mutations. Trisomy 8 tended to be linked to U2AF1 and ZRSR2 mutations, and 20q- exhibited higher SRSF2/WT1 and U2AF1 mutation frequency. Chromosome 7 involvement accounted for up to 50% of RUNX1 mutations and 37.5% of SETBP1 mutations. Patients carrying a complex karyotype were prone to present TP53 mutations (36.1%). However, individuals with normal karyotypes rarely possessed mutations in the TP53, RUNX1 and U2AF1. Moreover, DNMT3A, TP53, SRSF2, STAG2, ROBO1/2 and WT1 predicted poor survival and high AML transformation. By integrating these predictors into international prognostic scoring system (IPSS) or revised IPSS, we built a set of mutation-based prognostic risk models. These models could layer different degrees of risk in patients more satisfactorily. In summary, this sequencing design was able to detect a number of gene mutations and could be used to stratify patients with varied prognostic risk.
A sustainable supply of pure water is a great challenge in most developing and third-world countries. Nanomaterial-based technology offers technological development for wastewater purification. ...Nanocatalysis hydrogenation of nitroarene and dye molecules is a hot model in many research fields. Herein, we report eco-friendly and facile technology to synthesize Ag-Au bimetallic nanocomposites. The synthesized nanocomposites are characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized nanocomposite can efficiently degrade Congo red and 4-nitrophenol in water and in the presence of sodium borohydride. The results show that it degrades Congo red and 4-nitrophenol entirely within 6 and 7 min, respectively. These results could be useful for the green synthesis of Ag-Au bimetallic nanocomposites and help to remove organic dye molecules and nitroaromatics from wastewater.
Burning straw openly in fields destroys beneficial soil microorganisms, accelerates soil degradation and generates harmful greenhouse gases. Conversely, finding green materials for noise reduction in ...buildings is a crucial research area. The research objective was to find an approach that improves the reuse of rice straw to help develop sustainable land and the environment. Primarily, rice straws were crushed to make porous composite boards for sound absorption applications. In contrast, the hollow space of rice straw, a crucial feature of sound absorption, is lost. An investigation was undertaken to measure the sound absorption characteristics of crushed rice straw, rice straw stems, and their mixture (wt%). The sound absorption coefficient was measured using two microphone impedance tubes in 250–6400 Hz. The results showed excellent average sound absorption coefficients for stems at 2000 Hz (0.981 ± 0.019) and 0.994 ± 0.007 at 2152 Hz. The noise reduction coefficient was about 0.389 ± 0.010 for rice straw stem.
T
-test results (
p
= ≤ 0.005) indicate a significant variance of SAC of stem samples compared with crushed straw. Furthermore, the findings could stimulate the reuse of rice straw, which would help farmers, land, the environment, and the acoustic house environment.
Graphical abstract
The subject of the present paper is improving sound absorption properties and protecting the dust generation of ceramic fiber boards. The two‐microphone impedance tube method measured the sound ...absorption coefficient (SAC) of ceramic fiberboards (CFB) with different shapes and sizes. The wood veneer was used to cover the ceramic fiberboard (VCFB) surface to improve the wall's appearance and prevent dust generation. The step‐shaped ceramic fiberboards with veneer attached (VCFBS) revealed improved SAC (.98, 2000 Hz) compared with CFB and VCFB. The noise reduction coefficient (NRC) and sound absorption average showed a 100% improvement compared to CFB. The surface morphology and air permeability were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and a capillary flow porometer to correlate with the findings. Furthermore, the porosity and pore diameter of the CFB were also studied to gain a comprehensive understanding of its acoustic properties and sound absorption capabilities. Statistical T‐tests revealed significant variations in the SAC (p ≤ .005). Besides, the obtained SAC was compared with other reported sound‐absorbing materials. These findings suggest that using step‐shaped ceramic fiberboard covered with a wood veneer can significantly absorb sound and improve the living environment. This novel approach offers potential advancements in sound‐absorbing materials for building construction.
Among the various methods used to improve the sound absorption capability of wood, we focused on delignification in Indonesian momala (Homalium foetidum) and Korean red toon (Toona sinensis). We ...performed gas permeability, pore size, and porosity analyses and evaluated how the change in the pore structure affects the sound absorption capabilities. Results show that delignification increased the through-pore porosity and improved sound absorption capability in both species. In addition, the air gap in the rear space maximized the sound absorption of momala and the red toon. The noise reduction coefficient (NRC) of delignified momala (90 min) with a 3 cm air gap was 0.359 ± 0.023. This is approximately 154.6% higher than that of untreated momala without an air gap. The NRC of delignificated red toon (90 min) with a 3 cm air gap was 0.324 ± 0.040, an increase of 604.3% over untreated red toon without an air gap.
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is the basis for underwater target localization and tracking using towed line array sonar devices. A method of DOA estimation for underwater wideband weak ...targets based on coherent signal subspace (CSS) processing and compressed sensing (CS) theory is proposed. Under the CSS processing framework, wideband frequency focusing is accompanied by a two-sided correlation transformation, allowing the DOA of underwater wideband targets to be estimated based on the spatial sparsity of the targets and the compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm. Through analysis and processing of simulation data and marine trial data, it is shown that this method can accomplish the DOA estimation of underwater wideband weak targets. Results also show that this method can considerably improve the spatial spectrum of weak target signals, enhancing the ability to detect them. It can solve the problems of low directional resolution and unreliable weak-target detection in traditional beamforming technology. Compared with the conventional minimum variance distortionless response beamformers (MVDR), this method has many advantages, such as higher directional resolution, wider detection range, fewer required snapshots and more accurate detection for weak targets.
The communication between carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells facilitate tumor metastasis. In this study, we further underlying the epigenetic mechanisms of CAFs feed the cancer ...cells and the molecular mediators involved in these processes.
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with CAFs culture conditioned medium, respectively. Cytokine antibody array, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to identify the key chemokines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay were performed to explore the transactivation of target LncRNA by CAFs. A series of in vitro assays was performed with RNAi-mediated knockdown to elucidate the function of LncRNA. An orthotopic mouse model of MDA-MB-231 was conducted to confirm the mechanism in vivo.
Here we reported that TGF-β1 was top one highest level of cytokine secreted by CAFs as revealed by cytokine antibody array. Paracrine TGF-β1 was essential for CAFs induced EMT and metastasis in breast cancer cells, which is a crucial mediator of the interaction between stromal and cancer cells. CAF-CM significantly enhanced the HOTAIR expression to promote EMT, whereas treatment with small-molecule inhibitors of TGF-β1 attenuated the activation of HOTAIR. Most importantly, SMAD2/3/4 directly bound the promoter site of HOTAIR, located between nucleotides -386 and -398, -440 and -452, suggesting that HOTAIR was a directly transcriptional target of SMAD2/3/4. Additionally, CAFs mediated EMT by targeting CDK5 signaling through H3K27 tri-methylation. Depletion of HOTAIR inhibited CAFs-induced tumor growth and lung metastasis in MDA-MB-231 orthotopic animal model.
Our findings demonstrated that CAFs promoted the metastatic activity of breast cancer cells by activating the transcription of HOTAIR via TGF-β1 secretion, supporting the pursuit of the TGF-β1/HOTAIR axis as a target in breast cancer treatment.
More interest in larch (Larix kaempferi) has been taken because of a greater focus on environmental properties. Steam explosion is an inexpensive and facile approach for the increasing rate of drying ...and durability of wood. A significant improvement in gas permeability and sound absorption coefficient of steam-exploded larch wood relative to the control wood is observed. It is due to structural changes in the cell wall that is proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The average increase in SAC of steam-exploded samples is 33.33% higher than the control samples at a wide range of frequency 250-6400 Hz due to the increasing air permeability (190.1%). Color of treated larch wood changed to black due to several chemical reactions in the cell wall and reduced of -OH functionality during the steam explosion. These findings summarized that steam explosion affects softwood cellulose cell walls, and the cross-section surface of larch wood could be considered for improving acoustic comfort in the building.
Recently, the use of a gel polymer electrolyte for the development of robust, flexible, quasi-solid, ultra-stable, high-performance zinc-ion batteries (ZiBs) as an alternative to lithium-ion ...batteries has attracted widespread attention. However, the performance of ZiBs is limited due to the lack of suitable gel electrolytes. Herein, a ″water-in-salt″ (WiS)-based hydrophilic molecular crowded polymer gel electrolyte and binder free V2O5@MnO2 cathode are introduced to augment the durability, flexibility, safety, and electrochemical performance of ZiBs. The ″free water trapping″ capability of the WiS-based cross-linked molecular crowded polymer electrolyte provides an extended electrochemical stability window (ESW) of the device. The quasi-solid-state ZiB delivers ∼422 mAh g–1 discharge capacity and shows excellent cycling stability as high as ∼79.83% retention of the initial capacity after 5000 cycles. The durable, flexible, and ultra-stable ZiB with the polymer gel electrolyte performs well under various severe conditions where both the battery safety and energy density are of high priority. This work demonstrates a new approach and application for the development of durable, flexible, ultra-stable, quasi-solid-state ZiBs.
This work presents a single-antenna self-injection-locked (SIL) radar to reduce the hardware complexity of continuous-wave (CW) Doppler systems. The theory provides a basis for determining the ...signal-to-noise spectral density ratio (SNDR) with the effects of clutter. Experimental results agree closely with the theoretical predictions, showing that the clutter does not affect the optimal SNR performance in an SIL radar. A single-antenna SIL radar array is designed to detect vital signs with random body movement cancellation. To this end, a subject is placed between two single-antenna SIL radars to measure the rates of respiration and heartbeat using Doppler shift, and the effects of random movement of the subject are cancelled by wireless mutual injection locking (MIL) of the two radars. In an experiment, a prototype of such a two-radar array with a spacing of 2 m was implemented at 2.4 GHz, providing accurate and reliable cardiopulmonary monitoring of a subject who jogged on a treadmill with random body motion of many centimeters.
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