Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare bone block grafts fixed at a distance (BBG‐D) with the SonicWeld Rx shell technique (Poly‐D‐L‐Lactide foil fixed at a distance, augmented with ...autogenous and deproteinized bovine bone particles (SWST)) for lateral alveolar ridge augmentation.
Methods
In this single‐blinded, randomized, controlled trial, 30 patients with a bucco‐palatal bone width of ≤3 mm were randomized into the treatment groups: “BBG‐D” and “SWST”. Bone width was measured with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). One implant was placed at each grafted site. Frequencies of complications, bone gain and bone resorption in the CBCT were assessed as outcomes.
Results
Fifteen sites were augmented in each treatment group. One graft (7%) in the BBG‐D group and five (33%) in the SWST group were lost (p = 0.17). In the SWST group, two implants (20%) were lost and none in the BBG‐D group (p = 0.18). The rate of pooled severe complications (loss of graft and/or implant) was different (p = 0.035). Five (33%) wound dehiscences happened in the SWST group and none in the BBG‐D group (p = 0.042). Seven (47%) nonsevere complications (wound dehiscence, inflammation, transient nerve injury) happened in the SWST group and one (7%) in the BBG‐D group (p = 0.035). At the one‐year evaluation, there were no significant differences in bone loss at the mesial, distal or buccal implant shoulder between treatment groups.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, the BBG‐D method remains the gold standard for lateral alveolar ridge augmentation compared to the shell technique because of the lower complication rates.
To report the 5-year outcomes of autogenous bone block grafts fixed at a distance (BBG-D) versus a resorbable poly-D-L-lactide foil fixed at a distance (SonicWeld Rx shell technique SWST) randomised ...controlled trial, for lateral alveolar ridge augmentation.
Thirty patients with a buccopalatal bone width of ≤ 3 mm were randomised into the following treatment groups: BBG-D and SWST. The implant survival, changes in bone morphology visualised in a cone beam computed tomography scan and periodontal parameters were assessed.
Thirteen patients in the BBG-D group and seven in the SWST group could be included in the analysis. All implants that osseointegrated initially (BBG-D = 13 and SWST = 7) were functional at the 5-year re-evaluation. The buccopalatal bone width significantly (P < 0.001) decreased over time regardless of the study group. A bone loss of 0.00 mm was observed at the distal implant shoulder in the BBG-D group and 0.29 mm (SD 0.49 mm) in the SWST group (P = 0.04). The mean buccal bone loss was 2.56 mm (SD 3.65 mm) in the BBG-D group and 1.71 mm (SD 4.11 mm) in the SWST group (P = 0.64). The mean probing pocket depth was within sound limits in both groups without significant differences (P > 0.05). Bleeding on probing was low.
Within the limitations of this study, a similar implant survival rate was observed between the BBG-D and SWST techniques during the 5-year follow-up. The buccopalatal bone width decreased over time regardless of the augmentation method used.
Purpose: The intravenous or intramuscular administration of epinephrine is recommended treatment in systemic anaphylaxis. The goal was to evaluate epinephrine plasma levels after intramuscular ...injection into the buccinator muscle in comparison to inhaled epinephrine. Methods: In this pilot study in humans, we measured plasma epinephrine concentrations before and after epinephrine administration by intramuscular injection, or by inhalation, with intramuscular saline and intravenous epinephrine as the negative and positive controls, respectively. Results: Peak plasma epinephrine concentrations were higher after epinephrine was injected intramuscularly with a maximum plasma epinephrine concentration of 3367.2 pg/ml. After administration by inhalation epinephrine peak level was 151.89 pg/ml. Conclusions: In cases of respiratory distress when anaphylaxis is a possible cause, at first the application of epinephrine by inhalation may be of value. Manifest major cardiovascular reactions according to anaphylaxis without availability of a venous access can only be treated by titration of epinephrine intramuscularly. The buccinator muscle is a useful site for dentists involved on treatment of anaphylaxis. Key words Anaphylaxis; Epinephrine Svrha: Intravenozna ili intramuskularna primjena epinefrina preporucuje se u slucaju sistemske anafilaksije. Zadatak je bio prociieniti njegovu razinu u plazmi nakon intramuskularne primjene u misic bukcinator u odnosu prema razini nakon inhalacije. Ispitanici i postupci: U ovom eksperimentalnom istrazivaniu na ljudima mjerile su se koncentracije epinefrina prije intramuskularne primjene ili inhalacije te nakon njih, uz intramuskularnu injekciju fizioloske otopine te intravenoznu primjenu epinefrina kao negativnu i pozitivnu kontrolu. Rezultati: Najvise vriiednosti bile su nakon intramuskularne primjene--maksimalna razina u plazmi iznosila je 3367,2 pg/ml. Nakon inhalacije epinefrina razina je bila 151,89 pg/ml. Zakljucak: U slucaju respiratornog poremecaja, ako je uzrok anafilaksija, moze biti korisna inhalacijska primjena epinefrina. Kod teskih kardiovaskularnih reakcija, ako nije dostupan venski put, jedini je nacin primjene intramuskularna titracija epinefrina. Misic bukcinator korisno je mjesto za stomatologe koji se susrecu sa slucajevima anafilaksije. Kljucne rijeci anafilaksija, epinefrin
Svrha: Intravenozna ili intramuskularna primjena epinefrina preporučuje se u slučaju sistemske anafilaksije. Zadatak je bio procijeniti njegovu razinu u plazmi nakon intramuskularne primjene u mišić ...bukcinator u odnosu prema razini nakon inhalacije. Ispitanici i postupci: U ovom eksperimentalnom istraživanju na ljudima mjerile su se koncentracije epinefrina prije intramuskularne primjene ili inhalacije te nakon njih, uz intramuskularnu injekciju fiziološke otopine te intravenoznu primjenu epinefrina kao negativnu i pozitivnu kontrolu. Rezultati: Najviše vrijednosti bile su nakon intramuskularne primjene - maksimalna razina u plazmi iznosila je 3367,2 pg/ml. Nakon inhalacije epinefrina razina je bila 151,89 pg/ml. Zaključak:
U slučaju respiratornog poremećaja, ako je uzrok anafilaksija, može biti korisna inhalacijska primjena epinefrina. Kod teških kardiovaskularnih reakcija, ako nije dostupan venski put, jedini je način primjene intramuskularna titracija epinefrina. Mišić bukcinator korisno je mjesto za stomatologe koji se susreću sa slučajevima
anafilaksije.
The problem of obstacle detection and recognition or, generally, scene mapping is one of the most investigated problems in computer vision, especially in mobile applications. In this paper a fused ...optical system using depth information with color images gathered from the Microsoft Kinect sensor and 3D laser range scanner data is proposed for obstacle detection and ground estimation in real-time mobile systems. The algorithm consists of feature extraction in the laser range images, processing of the depth information from the Kinect sensor, fusion of the sensor information, and classification of the data into two separate categories: road and obstacle. Exemplary results are presented and it is shown that fusion of information gathered from different sources increases the effectiveness of the obstacle detection in different scenarios, and it can be used successfully for road surface mapping.
•We developed algorithm for recognition of the ground and the objects for the mobile applications.•We used different type of the optical sensors modalities.•In the paper has been proposed image fusion technique.•Proposed method determines the dimensions of the objects in 3D space.
Photocatalytic water splitting is a promising approach to generating sustainable hydrogen. However, the transport of photoelectrons to the catalyst sites, usually within ps‐to‐ns timescales, is much ...faster than proton delivery (∼μs), which limits the activity. Therefore, the acceleration of ion of protons from water molecules towards the catalytic sites to keep up with the electron transfer rate can significantly promote hydrogen production. The photobasic effect that is the increase in proton affinity upon excitation offers means to achieve this objective. Herein, we design photobasic carbon dots and identify that internal pyridinic N sites are intrinsically photobasic. This is supported by steady‐state and ultrafast spectroscopic measurements that demonstrate proton ion within a few picoseconds of excitation. Furthermore, we show that in water, they form a unique four‐level lasing scheme with optical gain and stimulated emission. The latter competes with photocatalysis, revealing a rather unique mechanism for efficiency loss, such that the stimulated emission can act as a toggle for photocatalytic activity. This provides additional means of controlling the photocatalytic process and helps the rational design of photocatalytic materials.
Pyridinic nitrogen‐containing carbon dots may a proton from the neighbouring water molecules (the so‐called photobasic effect) at the excited state, leading to the significant promotion of photocatalytic performance. Moreover, due to the four‐level energy diagram, the protonated carbon dot shows a net optical gain at the excited state, leading to stimulated emission, revealing a unique competitive mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.
SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the currently ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, encodes its own mRNA capping machinery. Insights into this capping system may provide new ideas for therapeutic interventions and ...drug discovery. In this work, we employ a previously developed Py-FLINT screening approach to study the inhibitory effects of compounds against the cap guanine N7-methyltransferase enzyme, which is involved in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA capping. We screened five commercially available libraries (7039 compounds in total) to identify 83 inhibitors with IC50 < 50 μM, which were further validated using RP HPLC and dot blot assays. Novel fluorescence anisotropy binding assays were developed to examine the targeted binding site. The inhibitor structures were analyzed for structure-activity relationships in order to define common structural patterns. Finally, the most potent inhibitors were tested for antiviral activity on SARS-CoV-2 in a cell based assay.
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Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is overexpressed in many cancers deregulating translational control of the cell cycle. mRNA 5′ cap analogs targeting eIF4E are ...small molecules with the potential to counteract elevated levels of eIF4E in cancer cells. However, the practical utility of typical cap analogs is limited because of their reduced cell membrane permeability. Transforming the active analogs into their pronucleotide derivatives is a promising approach to overcome this obstacle. 7-Benzylguanosine monophosphate (bn7GMP) is a cap analog that has been successfully transformed into a cell-penetrating pronucleotide by conjugation of the phosphate moiety with tryptamine. In this work, we explored whether a similar strategy is applicable to other cap analogs, particularly phosphate-modified 7-methylguanine nucleotides. We report the synthesis of six new tryptamine conjugates containing N7-methylguanosine mono- and diphosphate and their analogs modified with thiophosphate moiety. These new potential pronucleotides and the expected products of their activation were characterized by biophysical and biochemical methods to determine their affinity towards eIF4E, their ability to inhibit translation in vitro, their susceptibility to enzymatic degradation and their turnover in cell extract. The results suggest that compounds containing the thiophosphate moiety may act as pronucleotides that release low but sustainable concentrations of 7-methylguanosine 5′-phosphorothioate (m7GMPS), which is a translation inhibitor with in vitro potency higher than bn7GMP.
The efficiency of vibration control in an automotive semi-active suspension system depends on the quality of information from sensors installed in the vehicle, including information about deflection ...of the suspension system. The control algorithm for vibration attenuation of the body takes into account its velocity as well as the relative velocity of the suspension. In this paper it is proposed to use the Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) unit to measure the suspension deflection and then to estimate its relative velocity. This approach is compared with a typical solution implemented in such applications, where the relative velocity is calculated by processing signals acquired from accelerometers placed on the body and on the chassis. The experiments performed for an experimental All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) confirm that using LVDT units allows for improving ride comfort by better vibration attenuation of the body.
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