Measuring the comparative level of urban sustainability is an important part of creating a sustainable urban future. This article assesses the sustainable development of the seventeen largest cities ...in Kazakhstan for 2007–2019 using a geodatabase on a GIS platform. The results show that none of the cities have reached a level of sustainability greater than or equal to a sustainable urban development index (SUDI) of 0.750, and no cities have an unsustainable level of development with a SUDI below 0.300. Therefore, all seventeen cities are classified as moderately sustainable. In future studies, the authors will look for ways to further improve the system for assessing the sustainability of cities in Kazakhstan.
Kazakhstan is demonstrating its commitment to promoting gender equality and working closely with the globalcommunity. Over the past decade, the gender gap in the structure of labour force of ...Kazakhstan has slightly decreased. However, gender gaps persist. Women in Kazakhstan make up slightly more than half of the total population of the country, but their contribution to indicators of economic activity, growth and well-being of republic is significantly below their potential. In this article, gender dynamics of Kazakhstan labour market are explored at macro and micro levels using GIS. In this article, authors tried to answer the following questions: What is the gender situation in the labour market of Kazakhstan, as a country of Central Asia region with an Eastern mentality? Does the growing number of employed women lead to higher levels of gender equality in the Kazakhstan labour market? What are the characteristics of women’s employment compared to men’s? The results of research show that women’s increased access to jobs has not led to a significant reduction in the gap in earnings and incomes between men and women. This is due to the gender segregation of vocational education, which lays the foundation for sectoral differentiation of employment with different geographical distributions. Also, the so-called “glass ceiling” or low accessibility to leadership positions hinders women’s greater competitiveness. In addition, such an important element of labour market as unpaid domestic work, which is mainly occupied by women, is still not recognized.
Ugotavljanje primerjalne ravni trajnostnega razvoja mest ima pomembno vlogo pri oblikovanju njihove trajnostne prihodnosti. V članku avtorji na podlagi geografske podatkovne baze, izdelane ob podpori ...geografskega informacijskega sistema, proučujejo trajnostni razvoj 17 največjih mest v Kazahstanu med letoma 2007 in 2019. Izsledki njihove raziskave kažejo, da nobeno od proučevanih mest ni doseglo stopnje trajnostnega razvoja, ki bi bila po indeksu trajnostnega razvoja mest enaka ali višja od 0,750, hkrati pa nobeno ni doseglo stopnje razvoja, nižje od 0,300. Vseh 17 mest so zato avtorji ocenili kot zmerno trajnostne. V prihodnjih raziskavah bodo proučevali, kako lahko še izboljšajo sistem proučevanja trajnostnosti mest v Kazahstanu.
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