Folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) is expressed in the majority of ovarian carcinomas (OvCa), making it an attractive target for therapy. However, clinical trials testing anti-FOLR1 therapies in OvCa show ...mixed results and require better understanding of the prognostic relevance of FOLR1 expression. We conducted a large study evaluating FOLR1 expression with survival in different histological types of OvCa.
Tissue microarrays composed of tumour samples from 2801 patients in the Ovarian Tumour Tissue Analysis (OTTA) consortium were assessed for FOLR1 expression by centralised immunohistochemistry. We estimated associations for overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival using adjusted Cox regression models. High-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were evaluated independently for association between FOLR1 mRNA upregulation and survival.
FOLR1 expression ranged from 76% in HGSC to 11% in mucinous carcinomas in OTTA. For HGSC, the association between FOLR1 expression and OS changed significantly during the years following diagnosis in OTTA (Pinteraction=0.01, N=1422) and TCGA (Pinteraction=0.01, N=485). In OTTA, particularly for FIGO stage I/II tumours, patients with FOLR1-positive HGSC showed increased OS during the first 2 years only (hazard ratio=0.44, 95% confidence interval=0.20-0.96) and patients with FOLR1-positive clear cell carcinomas (CCC) showed decreased PFS independent of follow-up time (HR=1.89, 95% CI=1.10-3.25, N=259). In TCGA, FOLR1 mRNA upregulation in HGSC was also associated with increased OS during the first 2 years following diagnosis irrespective of tumour stage (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.25-0.94).
FOLR1-positive HGSC tumours were associated with an increased OS in the first 2 years following diagnosis. Patients with FOLR1-negative, poor prognosis HGSC would be unlikely to benefit from anti-FOLR1 therapies. In contrast, a decreased PFS interval was observed for FOLR1-positive CCC. The clinical efficacy of FOLR1-targeted interventions should therefore be evaluated according to histology, stage and time following diagnosis.
This paper shows how a state-wide health-promotion intervention at primary schools can be implemented by considering the example of the programme "Join the Healthy Boat - Primary School". ...Additionally, it is illustrated how quality control throughout the whole process can be incorporated.
To operate long-term and target-group orientated in the whole state of Baden-Württemberg, the school-based prevention programme "Join the Healthy Boat" uses a "train the trainer" model. The trainers are teachers who were instructed by the project team. In the school year 2009/10, these trainers offered quadrinominal training courses for further teachers. Every urban and rural district is covered by 1 trainer. The trainers evaluated the 6 preparatory training courses they had been given using questionnaires. The following 4 training courses the trainers offered to the teachers were reviewed by the trainers as well as the teachers using questionnaires, too. Additionally, at the end of the school year 2009/10, the teachers completed a questionnaire about their satisfaction regarding the programme itself and the work with the trainer.
During the school year 2009/10, 453 teachers were trained by 32 trainers. According to indications on the questionnaires about the preparatory training courses, all trainers felt themselves "very well" or "well" prepared for their task. The teachers evaluated the expertise of the respective trainer, the quality of the training courses and the satisfaction with the programme itself throughout highly.
Based on the excellent results of the process evaluation and the programme's wide coverage, an adoption of a "train the trainer" model seems worthwhile for other school-based prevention programmes, as well.
In the last decades, an alarming rise in prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been observed which is partly attributed to a lack in physical activity and has started to become a public ...health concern. Therefore, the necessity for accurate physical activity assessment has become more and more apparent. Physical activity can be assessed objectively using accelerometers or combined devices. The application of such devices is sometimes complex and wearing the device may influence the behaviour of the test person. Therefore, assessment without any worn device would be an advantage.
A RGB-D camera device captures motion of the test person in a specific measurement area. After reducing the data and subtraction of the voxel distance, an activity level can be calculated.
The calculated activity level is similar to acceleration data of common monitoring devices. The calculated activity level is the sum of the person’s activity. Little activity with small movement can be differentiated from intense activity with large movement and high acceleration as well as no activity. The data can be structured in body-activity and limb-activity. Classifying those categories increases the benefit of this assessment compared to common accelerometers.
With the RGB-D based assessment objective, contextual information of different physical activity levels can be provided. Physical activity assessment without a worn device offers advantages such as the lack of manipulation of the device and its positioning, also the person’s compliance is no issue influencing the assessment. The RGB-D based assessment is similar to acceleration data and can be converted into comparable data and units after calibration. For more specific assessments a validation with accelerometers and the calibration of the derived data is necessary.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas ist in Deutschland in den letzten Jahrzehnten deutlich angestiegen. Interventionsstrategien zur Gesundheitsförderung müssen ...früh beginnen, da sich bereits im Kindesalter gesundheitsrelevante Verhaltensweisen herausbilden. Das Setting Kindergarten kann als idealer Interventionsort für Gesundheitsförderprogramme angesehen werden, da hier junge Kinder unabhängig von ihrer soziokulturellen Herkunft erreicht werden.
Eine erfolgversprechende Methode für die theoriebasierte Interventionsentwicklung ist der Intervention-Mapping-Ansatz (IMA) von Bartholomew, da dieser neben einer zielgruppenspezifischen Bedarfsanalyse auch die theoriegeleitete Interventionsplanung im Hinblick auf das konkrete Setting anleitet.
Fragestellung
Wie sehen die einzelnen Entwicklungsschritte des Programms „Komm mit in das gesunde Boot – Kindergarten“ aus, und wie ist das unter der Verwendung des IMA entwickelte Interventionsprogramm zur Gesundheitsförderung aufgebaut?
Ergebnisse
Durch die Bedarfsanalyse des IMA können vier Ziele formuliert werden: „Förderung der Bewegung“, „Verringerung des Medienkonsums“, „Reduktion zuckerhaltiger Getränke“, „Förderung des Obst- und Gemüsekonsums“.
Die Intervention wird durch Erzieher/innen umgesetzt. Das Konzept der Sozialkognitiven Theorie von Bandura und der sozioökologische Ansatz von Bronfenbrenner liegen der Intervention zugrunde.
Materialvorlagen stehen für 20 Bewegungsstunden und je 15 Einheiten zu den Themenbereichen „Bewegung und Freizeitgestaltung“ und „Ernährung“ zur Verfügung. Zusätzlich gibt es kurze Bewegungskarteikarten für den täglichen Einsatz. Handlungsorientierte Materialien zur Elternarbeit liegen in drei Sprachen vor. Im ersten Jahr führen 512 Kindergärten das Programm durch, für die geplante Evaluation zur Wirksamkeit werden 50 Kindertagesstätten bzw. 1000 Kinder angestrebt.
Diskussion
Durch Anwendung des strukturierten Planungsmodells „Intervention Mapping“ ist es gelungen, die Zielgruppe und das Interventionssetting in jedem Entwicklungsschritt im Fokus zu behalten. Zur settingspezifischen Interventionsplanung ist die Verwendung des IMA ratsam, jedoch muss eine zeit- und arbeitskraftintensive Entwicklungsphase eingeplant werden.
Moving Children and Adolescents Kobel S; Wartha O; Steinacker JM
Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin,
03/2019, Volume:
70, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background: Active travel to school is a central source of physical activity for children. However, more and more children use passive modes of transport to commute to school. In order to reverse ...this trend, it is important to understand correlates of active school transport. Therefore, this study investigated a number of child- and family-related correlates affecting childrens active travel to school.Methods: Parents of 1,690 primary school children (7.10.6 years; 50.4% male) provided data on childrens physical activity, modes of transport, parental physical activity and health consciousness as well as socio-demographic information. Childrens weight status was assessed objectively. Individual logistic regressions were used to determine odds ratios (OR) for all correlates adjusting for age and gender.Results: Significantly related to active commute to school were childrens weight status (OR 0.67, CI 0.48, 0.95, p.03), migration background (OR 1.59, CI 1.28, 1.97, p.01), distance to school (OR 4.50, CI 3.59, 5.66, p.01), maternal physical activity and health consciousness (OR 1.60, CI 1.30, 1.97, p.01; OR 1.44, CI 1.17, 1.77, p.01; respectively), family education level (OR 1.29, CI 1.03, 1.61, p.03) and household income (OR 0.54, CI 0.40, 0.73, p.01).Discussion: A multiplicity of independent correlates of active travel to school has been considered. Understanding these factors might support the development of effective health-promoting interventions.KEY WORDS: School Travel, Physical Activity, Overweight, Health
Triathlon Endurance Sports Herbert C; Gilg V; Sander M ...
Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin,
10/2020, Volume:
71, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
During the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, sitting time and physical inactivity may increase worldwide across populations. Moreover, mental disorders (such as anxiety and depression), perceived ...stress and negative coping strategies will increase due to uncertainty (e.g., financial uncertainty, job uncertainty), actual experience of negative life events or loss of social relations (isolation from friends and families). Physical inactivity and poor mental health constitute major disease burdens in health systems.The World Health Organization (WHO) attributes 3.2 million deaths each year to physical inactivity and sedentarism. Physical activity and regular exercise can protect mind and body against ill health. Therefore, during pandemic lockdowns, people should stay physically active and engage in regular exercise as far as possible to avoid risk of physical and mental ill health and protect well-being in the long run.In this manuscript, we briefly review the health benefits of regular aerobic exercise with special focus on mental health and well-being. Moreover, based on scientific recommendations and empirical evidence, we provide exercise interventions to support the maintenance of low- to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise across age groups during the corona pandemic.The supervised exercise interventions were evaluated by health professionals on exercise-related and psychological dimensions (e.g., cardiorespiratory fitness, motor skill-related fitness, age, exercise motivation, and exercise adherence) and are available in German and English. Key Words: Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Lockdown, Online Exercise Training, Exercise Adherence, Expert Ratings
Roll tilt vestibular perceptual thresholds, an assay of vestibular noise, have recently been shown to be associated with suboptimal balance performance in healthy older adults. However, despite the ...strength of this correlation, the use of a categorical (i.e., pass/fail) balance assessment limits insight into the impacts of vestibular noise on postural sway. As a result, an explanation for this correlation has yet to be determined. We hypothesized that the correlation between roll tilt vestibular thresholds and postural control reflects a shared influence of sensory noise. To address this hypothesis, we measured roll tilt perceptual thresholds at multiple frequencies (0.2 Hz, 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz) and compared each threshold to quantitative measures of quiet stance postural control in 33 healthy young adults (mean = 24.9 years, SD = 3.67). Our data showed a significant linear association between 0.5 Hz roll tilt thresholds and the root mean square distance (RMSD) of the center of pressure in the mediolateral (ML;
= 5.31,
= 0.002, 95% CI = 2.1-8.5) but not anteroposterior (AP;
= 5.13,
= 0.016, 95% CI = 1.03-9.23) direction (Bonferroni corrected α of 0.006). In contrast, vestibular thresholds measured at 0.2 Hz and 1 Hz did not show a significant correlation with ML or AP RMSD. In a multivariable regression model, controlling for both 0.2 Hz and 1 Hz thresholds, the significant effect of 0.5 Hz roll tilt thresholds persisted (
= 5.44,
= 0.029, CI = 0.60-10.28), suggesting that the effect cannot be explained by elements shared by vestibular thresholds measured at the three frequencies. These data suggest that vestibular noise is significantly associated with the temporospatial control of quiet stance in the mediolateral plane when visual and proprioceptive cues are degraded (i.e., eyes closed, standing on foam). Furthermore, the selective association of quiet-stance sway with 0.5 Hz roll tilt thresholds, but not thresholds measured at lower (0.2 Hz) or higher (1.0 Hz) frequencies, may reflect the influence of noise that results from the temporal integration of noisy canal and otolith cues.
Accurate perception of gravity and translation is fundamental for balance, navigation, and motor control. Previous studies have reported that perceptual thresholds for earth-vertical (i.e., parallel ...to gravity) and earth-horizontal (i.e., perpendicular to gravity) translations are equivalent in healthy adults, suggesting that the nervous system compensates for the presence of gravity. However, past study designs were not able to fully separate the effect of gravity from the potential effects of motion direction and body orientation. To quantify the effect of gravity on translation perception relative to these alternative factors, we measured vestibular perceptual thresholds for three motion directions (inter-aural, naso-occipital, and superior-inferior) and three body orientations (upright, supine, and ear-down). In contrast to prior reports, our data suggest that the nervous system does not universally compensate for the effects of gravity during translation, instead, we show that the colinear effect of gravity significantly decreases the sensitivity to stimuli for motions sensed by the utricles (inter-aural and naso-occipital translation), but this effect was not significant for motions sensed by the saccules (superior-inferior translations). We also identified increased thresholds for superior-inferior translation, suggesting decreased sensitivity of motions sensed predominantly by the saccule. An overall effect of body orientation on perception was seen; however, post hoc analyses suggest that this orientation effect may reflect the impact of gravity on self-motion perception. Overall, our data provide fundamental insights into the manner by which the nervous system processes vestibular self-motion cues, showing that the effect of gravity on translation perception is impacted by the direction of motion.
Perception of gravity and translation are fundamental for self-motion perception, balance, and motor control. The central nervous system must accurately disambiguate peripheral otolith signals encoding both linear acceleration and gravity. In contrast to past reports, we show that perception of translation depends on both motion relative to gravity and motion relative to the head. These results provide fundamental insights into otolith-mediated perception and suggest that the nervous system must compensate for the presence of gravity.
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