In the present research analysis we have addressed comparative investigation of radiative electrically conducting Casson nanofluid. Nanofluid Flow is assumed over a nonlinearly stretching sheet. Heat ...transport analysis is carried via joule dissipation, thermal behavior and convective boundary condition. To employ the radiative effect radiation was involved to show the diverse states of nanoparticles. Furthermore entropy optimization with activation energy and chemical reaction are considered. Thermodynamics 2
law is applied to explore entropy generation rate. Nonlinear expression is simplified through similarity variables. The reduced ordinary system is tackled through optimal approach. Flow pattern was reported for wide range of scrutinized parameters. Computational consequences of velocity drag force, heat flux and concentration gradient are analyzed numerically in tables. Results verify that conduction mode augments with enhance of magnetic parameter.Increasing radiation boosts the temperature and entropy. Activation energy corresponds to augmented concentration. Heat transmission rate augments with the consideration of radiation source term.
In this investigation, heat transportation together with irreversibility analysis for the flow of couple stress hybrid nanofluid past over a stretching surface is considered. The innovative ...characteristics and aims of this work are to note that the transportation heat couple stress model involves EMHD, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and heat absorption, and omission. The hybrid nanofluid is prepared due to the suspension of the solid nanoparticles of the SWCNTs and MWCNTs in pure human blood. This mathematical model is an appropriate model for biological advantages including testing of human blood for drug deliveries to various parts of the human body. Particularly, the Prandtl number used for the blood is 21 and very large as compared to the other base fluids. Necessary modifications are used to translate the defining partial differential equations and boundary conditions into a layout that can be computed. To obtain mathematical approximations for the resulting scheme of nonlinear differential equations, the innovative homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used. The explanation for velocity, energy, and entropy are exposed and the flow against various influential factors (Formula: see text) is discussed graphically. The numerical values are calculated and summarized for dimensionless Formula: see text In addition, the current study is compared for various values of Formula: see text to that published literature and an impressive agreement in terms of finding is reported. It has also been noticed that the Formula: see text and Formula: see text factors retard the hybrid nanofluid flow, while the temperature of fluid becomes upsurges by the rise in these factors. 11.95% enhancement in the heat transfer rate has been attained using the hybrid nanofluids.
The study concerns with the mechanical characteristics of heat and mass transfer flow of a second grade nanofluid as well as gyrotatic microorganism motion past a thin needle with dipole effect, ...entropy generation, thermal radiation, Arrhenius activation energy and binar chemical reaction. The governing equations and boundary conditions are simplified by the use of suitable similarity transformations. Homotopy analysis method is implemented to obtain the series solution of non-linear ordinary differential equations. Physical behaviors of heat and mass transfer flow with gyrotatic microorganisms and entropy generation are investigated through the embedded parameters. The nanofluid velocity is enhanced for higher values of the ferromagnetic parameter, local Grashof number, bioconvection Rayleigh number and radiation parameter. The Reynolds number, radiation parameter and Eckert number decrease the nanofluid temperature. The entropy generation is increased with the enhancement of radiation parameter, Eckert number, Lewis number, temperature difference parameter, dimensionless constant parameter, Curie temperature, Prandtl number and concentration difference parameter.
The suspension of nanoparticles in the conventional base fluids getting more attention of the scholars and researchers due to its unique thermal performance in different field of engineering ...sciences. Nanofluid performed well and showed satisfactory results in the heat transport phenomena which attracted the scientists to suspend different combinations of nanoparticles which named as “hybrid nanofluid”. From the experimental investigations it is found that the rate of heat transfer is higher for hybrid nanofluid as compared to unitary nanofluid. Based on the above motivation the present study is focused to consider water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid with three different shaped nanoparticles i.e, spherical shaped aluminum oxide (Al2O3), cylindrical carbon nanotubes (CNT), and platelet shaped (Graphene) for the advance cooling process of radiator. From the present analysis it is found that this advance water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid showed promising enhancement in the heat transfer rate as compared to hybrid and unitary nanofluid. The present problem is formulated in the form of momentum and energy equations in terms of partial differential equations along with physical initial and boundary conditions. Furthermore, we have considered water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid with different shaped nanoparticles in channel. For the exact solutions the Laplace and Fourier transforms are applied. The influence of all the flow parameters is highlighted using the computational software MATHCAD. Using water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid enhances the rate of heat transfer up-to 33.67% which shows a promising thermal performance in the heat transfer rate. Furthermore, we have used nanoparticles in different ratios and found some interesting results which can be applied in different engineering problems specially, in cooling process.
In this work, the thermal analysis for bio-convective hybrid nanofluid flowing upon a thin horizontally moving needle is carried out. The chemical reaction and viscous dissipation has also considered ...for flow system in the presence of microorganism. The hybrid nanoparticles comprising of Copper Formula: see text and Alumina Formula: see text are considered for current flow problem. Mathematically the flow problem is formulated by employing the famous Buongiorno's model that will also investigate the consequences of thermophoretic forces and Brownian motion upon flow system. Group of similar variables is used to transform the model equations into dimensionless form and have then solved analytically by homotopy analysis method (HAM). It has established in this work that, flow of fluid declines due to increase in bioconvection Rayleigh number, buoyancy ratio and volume fractions of nanoparticles. Thermal flow grows due to rise in Eckert number, Brownian, thermophoresis parameters and volume fraction of nanoparticles. Concentration profiles increase due to growth in Brownian motion parameter and reduces due to increase in thermophoresis parameter and Lewis number. Motile microorganism profile declines due to augmentation in Peclet and bioconvection Lewis numbers. Moreover, the percentage enhancement in the drag force and rate of heat transfer using conventional nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid are observed and discussed. The hybrid nanofluid increases the skin friction and heat transfer rate more rapidly and efficiently as compared to other traditional fluids. A comparison of the present study with the existing literature is also conducted with a closed agreement between both results for variations in thickness of the needle.
The key objective of the present research is to examine the hybrid magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) nanofluid (Carbon-nanotubes and ferrous oxide-water) CNT-Fe
O
/H
flow into a horizontal parallel channel ...with thermal radiation through squeezing and dilating porous walls. The parting motion is triggered by the porous walls of the channel. The fluid flow is time-dependent and laminar. The channel is asymmetric and the upper and lower walls are distinct in temperature and are porous. With the combination of nanoparticles of Fe
O
and single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes, the hybrid nanofluid principle is exploited. By using the similarity transformation, the set of partial differential equations (PDEs) of this mathematical model, governed by momentum and energy equations, is reduced to corresponding ordinary differential equations (ODEs). A very simple numerical approach called the Runge-Kutta system of order four along with the shooting technique is used to achieve the solutions for regulating ODEs. MATLAB computing software is used to create temperature and velocity profile graphs for various emerging parameters. At the end of the manuscript, the main conclusions are summarized. Through different graphs, it is observed that hybrid-nanofluid has more prominent thermal enhancement than simple nanofluid. Further, the single-wall nanotubes have dominated impact on temperature than the multi-wall carbon nanotubes. From the calculations, it is also noted that Fe
O
-MWCNT-water has an average of 4.84% more rate of heat transfer than the Fe
O
-SWCNT-water. On the other hand, 8.27% more heat flow observed in Fe
O
-SWCNT-water than the simple nanofluid. Such study is very important in coolant circulation, inter-body fluid transportation, aerospace engineering, and industrial cleaning procedures, etc.
The energy transmission through micropolar fluid have a broad range implementation in the field of electronics, textiles, spacecraft, power generation and nuclear power plants. Thermal radiation's ...influence on an incompressible thermo-convective flow of micropolar fluid across a permeable extensible sheet with energy and mass transition is reported in the present study. The governing equations consist of Navier-Stokes equation, micro rotation, temperature and concentration equations have been modeled in the form of the system of Partial Differential Equations. The system of basic equations is reduced into a nonlinear system of coupled ODE's by using a similarity framework. The numerical solution of the problem has been obtained via PCM (Parametric Continuation Method). The findings are compared to a MATLAB built-in package called bvp4c to ensure that the scheme is valid. It has been perceived that both the results are in best agreement with each other. The effects of associated parameters on the dimensionless velocity, micro-rotation, energy and mass profiles are discussed and depicted graphically. It has been detected that the permeability parameter gives rise in micro-rotation profile.
Unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of Casson fluid over an infinite vertical plate is examined under ramped temperature and velocity conditions at the wall. Thermal radiation flux and heat ...injection/suction terms are also incorporated in the energy equation. The electrically conducting fluid is flowing through a porous material and these phenomena are governed by partial differential equations. After employing some adequate dimensionless variables, the solutions are evaluated by dint of Laplace transform. In addition, the physical contribution of substantial parameters such as Grashof number, radiation parameter, heat injection/suction parameter, porosity parameter, Prandtl number, and magnetic parameter is appropriately elucidated with the aid of graphical and tabular illustrations. The expressions for skin friction and Nusselt number are also derived to observe wall shear stress and rate of heat transfer. A graphical comparison between solutions corresponding to ramped and constant conditions at the wall is also provided. It is observed that graphs of the solutions computed under constant conditions are always superior with respect to graphs of ramped conditions. The magnetic field decelerates the flow, whereas the radiative flux leads to an upsurge in the flow. Furthermore, the shear stress is a decreasing function of the magnetic parameter.
One of the control measures available that are believed to be the most reliable methods of curbing the spread of coronavirus at the moment if they were to be successfully applied is lockdown. In this ...paper a mathematical model of fractional order is constructed to study the significance of the lockdown in mitigating the virus spread. The model consists of a system of five nonlinear fractional-order differential equations in the Caputo sense. In addition, existence and uniqueness of solutions for the fractional-order coronavirus model under lockdown are examined via the well-known Schauder and Banach fixed theorems technique, and stability analysis in the context of Ulam–Hyers and generalized Ulam–Hyers criteria is discussed. The well-known and effective numerical scheme called fractional Euler method has been employed to analyze the approximate solution and dynamical behavior of the model under consideration. It is worth noting that, unlike many studies recently conducted, dimensional consistency has been taken into account during the fractionalization process of the classical model.
In biological systems, the MHD boundary layer bioconvection flow through permeable surface has several applications, including electronic gadgets, heating systems, building thermal insulation, ...geological systems, renewable energy, electromagnetism and nuclear waste. The bioconvection caused by the hydromagnetic flow of a special form of water-based nanoliquid including motile microorganisms and nanoparticles across a porous upright moving surface is investigated in this report. The combination of motile microbes and nanoparticles causes nanofluid bioconvection is studied under the cumulative impact of magnetic fields and buoyancy forces. The Brownian motion, thermophoresis effects, heat absorption/generation, chemical reaction and Darcy Forchhemier impact are also unified into the nonlinear model of differential equations. The modeled boundary value problem is numerically computed by employing a suitable similarity operation and the parametric continuation procedure. The parametric study of the flow physical parameters is evaluated versus the velocity, energy, volume fraction of nanoparticles, motile microorganisms' density, skin friction, Sherwood number and Nusselt number. It has been observed that the velocity profile reduces with the effect of porosity parameter k
, inertial parameter k
, Hartmann number and buoyancy ratio. While the energy transition profile significantly enhances with the flourishing values of Eckert number Ec, heat absorption/generation Q and Hartmann number respectively.
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