Electromagnetic fields of relativistic charged particles have a broad frequency spectrum and a sophisticated spatial structure. Field lines offer a visual representation of this spatial structure. In ...this article, we derive a general set of equations for the field lines of any moving charged particle. The electric field lines are completely determined by the unit vector from the retarding point to the observation point. After proper transformations, the field line equations describe the rotation of this vector with an angular velocity coinciding with Thomas precession. In some cases, including all planar trajectories, the field line equations reduce to linear differential equations with constant coefficients. We present a detailed derivation of these equations and their general analytical solution. We then illustrate this method by constructing field lines for the “figure eight” motion of an electric charge moving under the influence of a plane wave, including complex field lines in three dimensions.
The possibility of using a vibrating wire as a target in the method of scanning transverse profiles of the thin beams in particle accelerators has been studied. In the case where the transverse ...dimensions of the beam are comparable to the amplitude of the wire oscillations, the vibrating wire can be used for a fast measurement of the transverse beam profile without moving the sensor. The scanning procedure is replaced by the use of the movement of the wire during its mechanical oscillations. The method is tested on a focused beam of a semiconductor laser with a spot size at the focus of ∼0.1 mm. The reconstruction of the transverse profile is performed on the basis of the measurements of the photons reflected from the vibrating wire by using fast photodiodes.
The vibrating wire monitors are used for measuring transverse pro-files of radiation beams of different nature. For increasing the accuracy of scanning, and in some cases escaping the scanning ...procedure (measurement of the beam profile using a matrix of wires), it is proposed to use several vibrating wires. A monitor of this kind with two vibrating wires spaced apart at some distance formed the measuring unit of the laboratory stand, developed by us for training students in accelerator technology. The features of such a two-wire monitor and, in particular, the problem of laser radiation power redistribution between the wires are discussed.
A prototype PIN-photodiode-based electron system for flux measurement of the AREAL accelerator electron beam (energy up to 5 MeV) was developed and tested. The system can be eventually used to ...measure beam losses from the vacuum chamber of the SASE100 undulator, which is intended for the generation of radiation in the terahertz range and will be installed in the AREAL accelerator tract during its modernization. The method of using the PIN-photodiodes as a beam loss monitor is based on the effect of electron–hole pairs formation when ionizing particles pass through the photodiode barrier layer. Calculations of the interaction of electrons with the substance of the barrier layer are performed using the PCLab program. The experiments carried out on the accelerator electron beam showed that the developed system can effectively register the electron fluxes of both the main beam of the AREAL accelerator and its dark current.
Gas Flowmeter Based on Vibrating Wires Aginian, M. A.; Arutunian, S. G.; Harutyunyan, G. S. ...
Journal of contemporary physics,
03/2022, Volume:
57, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The paper proposes a new type of gas flowmeters based on measurements of the deformations of the thermal field of the heater in the presence of a flow using vibrating wires. The advantage of such ...flowmeters as compared with the known ones using a similar thermal principle of operation is the improved accuracy of temperature measurements compared to resistance thermometers or thermocouples. The use of thin wires can also increase the speed of flowmeters. The use of wires 20–30 mm long allows the creation of wide-aperture inlet holes for gas streams. A natural property of the developed flowmeters is also in their bidirectionality. A sample of a flowmeter based on vibrating wires was made and the calibration experiments were carried out. An experiment was carried out in which a flowmeter was used to measure the acceleration.
The paper presents the results of the first experiments on measuring the horizontal and vertical profiles of the proton beam of the C18 cyclotron using a profiling station based on vibrating wire ...monitors. The measurements were performed at the proton beam exit into the air from a special vacuum window located at the end of the cyclotron beam guide. The profiles were measured for different values of proton beam current. The station showed its operability under the conditions of strong disturbances caused by the exposure of protective lead plates to the proton beam.
Abstract
As a result of the analysis of data on the territory and population of the Russian Federation, the problem of the need to develop tourism and recreational areas was identified, since in 2021 ...the share of urban residents accounts for 74.27% of the population. For a good rest in the modern urbanized world, city dwellers are increasingly turning to outdoor tourism, which is not disturbed by anthropogenic stress, which ensures a full recovery of emotional, physical and spiritual health. Federal and regional regulatory documents regulate the development of domestic and inbound tourism. The topic of regional tourism development remains relevant and requires further research despite the fact that many studies and reports are devoted to this economic and environmental trend, numerous programs and regulations have been asserted. The aim of the research is to analyze the directions of development of regional tourism and offer some practical recommendations on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The development of tourism on the basis of a multifunctional multidisciplinary center based on the Geoparks “Yangan-Tau” and “Toratau” is considered. An innovative infrastructure of geoparks is proposed, which includes three interrelated and complementary clusters: scientific and educational, eco-tourism, and industrial. These clusters will allow the development of regional tourism, attracting both local residents, the population of the Russian Federation, and foreign tourists and travelers to Bashkortostan, significantly improving the socio-economic and ecological state of unique natural areas, contributing to the development of the region as a whole.
This Letter presents the first experimental observation of the attractive strong interaction between a proton and a multistrange baryon (hyperon) Ξ−. The result is extracted from two-particle ...correlations of combined p−Ξ−⊕p¯−Ξ¯+ pairs measured in p−Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV at the LHC with ALICE. The measured correlation function is compared with the prediction obtained assuming only an attractive Coulomb interaction and a standard deviation in the range 3.6, 5.3 is found. Since the measured p−Ξ−⊕p¯−Ξ¯+ correlation is significantly enhanced with respect to the Coulomb prediction, the presence of an additional, strong, attractive interaction is evident. The data are compatible with recent lattice calculations by the HAL-QCD Collaboration, with a standard deviation in the range 1.8, 3.7. The lattice potential predicts a shallow repulsive Ξ− interaction within pure neutron matter and this implies stiffer equations of state for neutron-rich matter including hyperons. Implications of the strong interaction for the modeling of neutron stars are discussed.
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A new method for fast transverse beam profiling, where a vibrating wire is served as a resonant target, has been developed. The speed of scan up to a few hundred mm/s provides opportunity to make a ...set of beam profiles at different directions of the scan within a reasonable measurement time. This profile set allows us to reconstruct 2D beam profile by filtered back-projection algorithm. The new method may be applied for proton, X-ray, gamma, and neutron beams, and can also be of interest in tomography including medical applications. The method has been tested experimentally by means of laser beams.
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