The surgical procedure in skin‐tumor therapy usually results in cutaneous defects, and multidrug‐resistant bacterial infection could cause chronic wounds. Here, for the first time, an injectable ...self‐healing antibacterial bioactive polypeptide‐based hybrid nanosystem is developed for treating multidrug resistant infection, skin‐tumor therapy, and wound healing. The multifunctional hydrogel is successfully prepared through incorporating monodispersed polydopamine functionalized bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGN@PDA) into an antibacterial F127‐ε‐Poly‐L‐lysine hydrogel. The nanocomposites hydrogel displays excellent self‐healing and injectable ability, as well as robust antibacterial activity, especially against multidrug‐resistant bacteria in vitro and in vivo. The nanocomposites hydrogel also demonstrates outstanding photothermal performance with (near‐infrared laser irradiation) NIR irradiation, which could effectively kill the tumor cell (>90%) and inhibit tumor growth (inhibition rate up to 94%) in a subcutaneous skin‐tumor model. In addition, the nanocomposites hydrogel effectively accelerates wound healing in vivo. These results suggest that the BGN‐based nanocomposite hydrogel is a promising candidate for skin‐tumor therapy, wound healing, and anti‐infection. This work may offer a facile strategy to prepare multifunctional bioactive hydrogels for simultaneous tumor therapy, tissue regeneration, and anti‐infection.
This paper reports an intrinsically multifunctional bioactive hybrid hydrogel for treating multidrug resistant infection, skin‐tumor therapy, and wound healing. The hybrid hydrogels display excellent self‐healing and injectable ability, as well as robust antibacterial activity, especially against multidrug‐resistant bacteria in vitro and in vivo, and also efficiently inhibits tumor growth and enhances wound healing.
Background
Although robotic surgery is popular around the world, its safety and efficacy over classical open surgery is still controversial. The purpose of this article is to compare the safety and ...efficacy of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD).
Methods
A literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library database up to July 29, 2018 was performed and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software with Fixed and random effects models applied. The IRB approval and written consent were not needed for this paper.
Results
Twelve non-randomized retrospective studies and 1 non-randomized prospective study consisting of 2403 patients were included in this meta-analysis. There were 788 (33%) patients in the RPD group and 1615 (67%) patients in the OPD group. Although RPD was associated with a longer operative time (weighted mean difference WMD: 71.74 min; 95% CI 23.37–120.12;
p
= 0.004), patient might benefit from less blood loss (WMD: − 374.03 ml; 95% CI − 506.84 to − 241.21;
p
< 0.00001), shorter length of stay (WMD: − 5.19 day; 95% CI − 8.42 to − 1.97;
p
= 0.002), and lower wound infection rate (odds ratio: 0.17; 95% CI 0.04–0.80;
p
= 0.02). No statistically significant difference was observed in positive margin rate, lymph nodes harvested, postoperative complications, reoperation or readmission rate, and mortality rate.
Conclusions
Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy is a safe and feasible alternative to open pancreaticoduodenectomy with regard to short-term outcomes. Further studies on the long-term outcomes of these surgical techniques are needed.
Overcoming the multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is a challenge and urgently needed in wound healing. Few wound dressings possess the capacity to treat MDR bacterial infections and ...enhance wound healing. Herein, we develop an elastomeric, photoluminescent, and antibacterial hybrid polypeptide-based nanofibrous matrix as a multifunctional platform to inhibit the MDR bacteria and enhance wound healing. The hybrid nanofibrous matrix was composed of poly(citrate)-ε-poly lysine (PCE) and poly caprolactone (PCL). The PCL–PCE hybrid nanofibrous matrix showed a biomimetic elastomeric behavior, robust antibacterial activity including killing MDR bacteria capacity, and excellent biocompatibility. PCL–PCE nanofibrous system can efficiently prevent the MDR bacteria-derived wound infection and significantly enhance the complete skin-thickness wound healing and skin regeneration in a mouse model. PCL–PCE hybrid nanofibrous matrix might become a competitive multifunctional dressing for bacteria-infected wound healing and skin regeneration.
A 1270 Hz resonance occurred between ±350 kV/ 1000 MW Luxi back-to-back voltage source converter based high-voltage dc transmission (VSC-HVDC) converter and the 525 kV ac grid after disconnection of ...several ac transmission lines. To understand the resonance and find a solution, the impedance-based stability analysis model considering different equipment is first established. Then, the resonance is analyzed and repeated in the simulation based on the established model. The system stability can be judged by the ratio of grid impedance to the equivalent impedance of all parallel-connected equipment with the converter. To evaluate the occurrence and risk of resonance, the frequency range where the impedance has a negative-real-part has been searched and studied. In order to narrow the negative-real-part region to avoid potential resonance, solutions such as control strategy improvement and passive or active impedance adapter may be applicable and are discussed. For a complex system containing various equipment, the equipment can be divided into several subsectors to avoid modeling all possible combinations of equipment, which can be exhausting. And analysis has shown sufficient but not necessary condition to stabilize the system is to avoid the negative-real-part region in each sector.
The simultaneous therapy of tumors and bone defects resulting from tumor surgery is still a challenge in clinical orthopedics. Few nanomaterial systems simultaneously possess multifunctional ...capacities, including biodegradability, tumor treatment, and enhanced bone regeneration. Herein, we designed a biodegradable monodispersed bioactive glass nanoparticle (BGN) platform with multifunctional properties for enhanced colon cancer photothermo-chemotherapy and bone repair. The mussel-inspired surface assembly with BGN was established as a stable NIR-excited photothermal nanoplatform (BGN@PDA) for ablating tumors. BGN@PDA shows an ultrahigh anticancer drug (DOX) loading with on-demand (pH/NIR-responsive) drug release behavior and antibacterial activity for enhanced tumor chemotherapy (BGN@PDA-DOX). The growth of colon cancer cells (Hct116 cells) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells) was significantly inhibited in vitro, and superior local anticancer efficacy could be achieved by synergic chemo-photothermal therapy in vivo. BGN@PDA underwent a gradual degradation in vivo during 60 days and showed negligible toxic side effects. Meanwhile, BGN@PDA could positively induce the osteogenesis of osteoblasts in vitro and possess excellent in vivo bone repair ability in rat cranial defects. This work presents a distinctive strategy to design a bioactive multifunctional nanoplatform for treating tumor disease-resulted bone tissue regeneration.
DNA extraction, a vital pre-requisite for most biological studies, continues to be studied extensively. According to some studies, DNA shows a certain degree of absorbability on filter paper made of ...plant fiber-based adsorbent material. However, the principle underlying such specific adsorption as well as plant species associated with plant fiber-based adsorbents and optimized extraction conditions have not yet been studied. This study demonstrates the tight correlation between crystallinity and hygroscopicity in plant fiber-based adsorbents used for DNA extraction and proposes the concept of DNA adsorption on plant fiber-based adsorbents, for the first time. We also explored optimal extracting and eluting conditions and developed a novel plant fiber-based DNA extraction method that was quadruple times more powerful than current approaches. Starting with the screening of various types of earthed plant fiber-based adsorbents, we went on to mine new plant fiber-based adsorbents, bamboo paper and degreased cotton, and succeeded in increasing their efficiency of DNA extraction to 4.2 times than that of current approaches. We found a very strong correlation between the crystallinity and hygroscopicity of plant fiber-based adsorbents which showed efficiency for DNA extraction, and thus propose a principle that potentially governs such specific adsorption processes, in the hope that this information may guide related multidisciplinary research studies in the future. Nanodrop, electrophoresis and PCR were selected to demonstrate the quantity, quality, integrity and utility of the extracted DNA. Furthermore, crystallinity, hygroscopicity, pore size distribution and composition of plant fiber-based adsorbents were studied to explore their correlation in an attempt to understand the principle underlying this particular type of adsorption. The findings of this study may be further extended to the extraction of other types of nucleic acids with similar biochemical properties.
Developing new synthetic methods for the controlled synthesis of Pt‐based or non‐Pt nanocatalysts with low or no Pt loading to facilitate sluggish cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and ...organics oxidation reactions is the key in the development of fuel‐cell technology. Various nanoparticles (NPs), with a range of size, shape, composition, and structure, have shown good potential to catalyze the sluggish cathodic and anodic reactions. In contrast to NPs, one‐dimensional (1D) nanomaterials such as nanowires (NWs), and nanotubes (NTs), exhibit additional advantages associated with their anisotropy, unique structure, and surface properties. The prominent characteristics of NWs and NTs include fewer lattice boundaries, a lower number of surface defect sites, and easier electron and mass transport for better electrocatalytic activity and lower vulnerability to dissolution, Ostwald ripening, and aggregation than Pt NPs for enhanced stability. An overview of recent advances in tuning 1D nanostructured Pt‐based, Pd‐based, or 1D metal‐free nanomaterials as advanced electrocatalysts is provided here, for boosting fuel‐cell reactions with high activity and stability, including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). After highlighting the different strategies developed so far for the synthesis of Pt‐based 1D nanomaterials with controlled size, shape, and composition, special emphasis is placed on the rational design of diverse NWs and NTs catalysts such as Pt‐based NWs or NTs, non‐Pt NTs, and carbon NTs with molecular engineering, etc. for enhancing the ORR, MOR, and EOR. Finally, some perspectives are highlighted on the development of more efficient fuel‐cell electrocatalysts featuring high stability, low cost, and enhanced performance, which are the key factors in accelerating the commercialization of fuel‐cell technology.
Recent advances in synthetically tuning the catalytic performance of 1D structures, such as nanowires and nanotubes, with controlled size, shape, composition, architecture, and molecular engineering are highlighted. These advances are aimed at boosting fuel‐cell reactions, including the oxygen reduction reaction, methanol oxidation, and the ethanol oxidation reaction.
Friction stir welded AA5052-O and AA6061-T6 dissimilar joint has a more obvious impact on microstructure and texture evolution compared to single material welding due to differences in physical and ...chemical parameters between two aluminum alloys. Microstructure, texture evolution and grain structure of AA5052-O and AA6061-T6 dissimilar joint were investigated by means of OM,EBSD and TEM measurements. Experimental results showed that FS weld was generalized in four regions–nugget zone (NZ),thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ),heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metals (BM), using standard nomenclatures. NZ exhibited the complex structure of the two materials with flowing shape and mainly composed of the advancing side material Subgrain boundaries in weld nugget zone gradually transformed into high angle grain boundaries by absorbing dislocation and accumulating misorientations. Grain refinement of weld nugget zone was achieved by dynamic recrystallization. In the friction stir welding process, the presence of the shear deformation in weld made {001} C cube texture, {123} S texture in BM gradually transformed into {111}<1(−)12(−)>A1∗ shear texture. HABs distribution were most significant in nugget followed by RS and then by AS. In TMAZ and NZ, numerous precipitates and lots of dislocations were observed.
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•There were four zones in the joint:NZ,TMAZ,HAZ and BM.•There was a large difference of grain size,grain shape and grain boundary.•Cube and S textures in BM transformed into shear texture during FSW.•HABs distribution were most significant in NZ followed by RS and then by AS.•A large number of dislocations and precipitates were observed in NZ and TMAZ.
Chronic nonhealing diabetic wound therapy and complete skin regeneration remains a critical clinical challenge. The controlled release of bioactive factors from a multifunctional hydrogel was a ...promising strategy to repair chronic wounds.
Herein, for the first time, we developed an injectable, self-healing and antibacterial polypeptide-based FHE hydrogel (F127/OHA-EPL) with stimuli-responsive adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells exosomes (AMSCs-exo) release for synergistically enhancing chronic wound healing and complete skin regeneration. The materials characterization, antibacterial activity, stimulated cellular behavior and
full-thickness diabetic wound healing ability of the hydrogels were performed and analyzed.
The FHE hydrogel possessed multifunctional properties including fast self-healing process, shear-thinning injectable ability, efficient antibacterial activity, and long term pH-responsive bioactive exosomes release behavior.
, the FHE@exosomes (FHE@exo) hydrogel significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and tube formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
, the FHE@exo hydrogel significantly enhanced the healing efficiency of diabetic full-thickness cutaneous wounds, characterized with enhanced wound closure rates, fast angiogenesis, re-epithelization and collagen deposition within the wound site. Moreover, the FHE@exo hydrogel displayed better healing outcomes than those of exosomes or FHE hydrogel alone, suggesting that the sustained release of exosomes and FHE hydrogel can synergistically facilitate diabetic wound healing. Skin appendages and less scar tissue also appeared in FHE@exo hydrogel treated wounds, indicating its potent ability to achieve complete skin regeneration.
This work offers a new approach for repairing chronic wounds completely through a multifunctional hydrogel with controlled exosomes release.
Optoelectronic memory plays a vital role in modern semiconductor industry. The fast emerging requirements for device miniaturization and structural flexibility have diverted research interest to ...two-dimensional thin layered materials. Here, we report a multibit nonvolatile optoelectronic memory based on a heterostructure of monolayer tungsten diselenide and few-layer hexagonal boron nitride. The tungsten diselenide/boron nitride memory exhibits a memory switching ratio approximately 1.1 × 10
, which ensures over 128 (7 bit) distinct storage states. The memory demonstrates robustness with retention time over 4.5 × 10
s. Moreover, the ability of broadband spectrum distinction enables its application in filter-free color image sensor. This concept is further validated through the realization of integrated tungsten diselenide/boron nitride pixel matrix which captured a specific image recording the three primary colors (red, green, and blue). The heterostructure architecture is also applicable to other two-dimensional materials, which is confirmed by the realization of black phosphorus/boron nitride optoelectronic memory.
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