Ammonia (NH
) emissions, mainly from agricultural sources, generate substantial health damage due to the adverse effects on air quality. NH
emission reduction strategies are still far from being ...effective. In particular, a growing trade network in this era of globalization offers untapped emission mitigation potential that has been overlooked. Here we show that about one-fourth of global agricultural NH
emissions in 2012 are trade-related. Globally they induce 61 thousand PM
-related premature mortalities, with 25 thousand deaths associated with crop cultivation and 36 thousand deaths with livestock production. The trade-related health damage network is regionally integrated and can be characterized by three trading communities. Thus, effective cooperation within trade-dependent communities will achieve considerable NH
emission reductions allowed by technological advancements and trade structure adjustments. Identification of regional communities from network analysis offers a new perspective on addressing NH
emissions and is also applicable to agricultural greenhouse gas emissions mitigation.
The herbal pair of HuangQi-DanShen (HD) is frequently used for treating brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia (CI) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
The present work was designed to reveal ...the active mechanism of HD against CI.
In our work, an integrated approach combined 1H-NMR based metabonomics and network pharmacology was applied to decipher the protection of HD against MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion)-induced CI rats. Meanwhile, the indicator of neurological deficit and TTC staining were used to estimate the efficacy of HD.
The results of neurological deficit test and TTC staining suggested HD could improve the brain injury in CI rats. The metabonomic result indicated that HD could significantly ameliorate 8 serum metabolites in CI rats, which were linked 71 corresponding targeted proteins obtained by Metscape. In addition, 84 targets related HD against CI were obtained by network pharmacology. At last, 5 important targets were screened as hopeful targets for the treatment of CI through integrating them.
The integrated method coupled 1H-NMR based metabonomics with network pharmacology provided the insights into the mechanisms of TCM in treating CI.
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Core stability is critical for improving athletic performance, reducing injury risks and is one of the most important elements of athletic training. However, the effect of core stability on landing ...kinetics during aerial skiing remains unclear, making relevant analysis and discussion an urgent issue to address. To enhance core stability training and landing performance aerial athletes, this study proposed a correlation analysis to investigate the effect of core stability on landing kinetics. Previous studies on aerial athletes have overlooked landing kinetics and lacked correlation analyses, leading to unsatisfactory analysis outcomes. The correlation analysis can be integrated with core stability training indices to analyze the effect of core stability on vertical and 360° jump landings. Therefore, this study can provide guidance for core stability training and athletic performance in aerial athletes.
A photovoltaic (PV) simulator is an essential tool in the control strategy research of PV systems. However, the widely used PV simulator cannot always meet the requirement. A fast-response PV ...simulator based on an improved deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) is proposed in this article. It has a fast response and strong robustness. The required control model of DPCC is studied based on the inductor energy balance during the absorption and dissipation stages. An integral compensation link is added for the improved DPCC method, which can eliminate the interference caused by various parameter mismatches. For the proposed PV simulator, the transient response time can be reduced to 1.1 ms. Moreover, the minimum required response time of PV simulators is concluded. The mismatch in transient response time between the PV simulator and the PV inverter is studied. The results show that this mismatch can lead to the unstable operation of PV systems, which can interfere with the PV inverter performance testing. It is proven that the transient response time of PV simulators needs to be reduced to its minimum value. Finally, a PV simulator prototype and a test platform are built; the proposed realization method and theoretical analysis are verified by experimental results.
have been frequently used for clinical application in China, and the herb residues of
turn out to be a waste of resources. To escape from this, the medicine value of
herb residues is mined in this ...article. We isolated hemicellulose polysaccharide AX-I-3b from
herb residues by fractional extraction. Monosaccharide-composition analysis revealed that AX-I-3b consisted of arabinose, xylose, and glucose with a molar ratio of 10.4:79.3:1.1. Methylation, NMR and FT-IR analyses showed that AX-I-3b monosaccharide residue was linked as follows: →2,3,4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Arap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. Then, we found that AX-I-3b exhibited antitumor activity against lung cancer in vitro and vivo through MTT assay and xenograft tumor model. Mechanistically, AX-I-3b induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells and xenograft tumors, which is evidenced by the up-regulation of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, AX-I-3b synergistically improved the therapeutic ability of cisplatin in xenograft tumors model. Furthermore, AX-I-3b treatment effectively improved the immune organ index, the percentage of spleen lymphocyte subsets and serum cytokine levels in lung cancer mice, supporting that AX-I-3b showed immunomodulatory activity. In conclusion, our results identified AX-I-3b as an antitumor and immunomodulatory agent, providing a new insight into the reutilization of
herb residue.
Two amino functionalized Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs), {Zn(Py2TTz)(2-NH2-BDC)·(DMF)}n (1) and {Cd(Py2TTz)(2-NH2-BDC)·(DMF)·0.5(H2O)}n (2) (where Py2TTz = 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)thiazolo5,4-dthiazole, ...2-NH2-BDC = 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, and DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were synthesized and characterized using the primary ligand 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2-NH2-H2BDC) and the auxiliary ligand 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)thiazolo5,4-dthiazole (Py2TTz). They possess similar 2-fold interpenetrated three-dimensional bipillared-layer framework structures composed of typical binuclear metal nodes, 2-NH2-BDC two-dimensional layers and Py2TTz bipillars. Notably, thiazole nitrogen atoms and pendant –NH2 groups are present in channels in the two frameworks. Given their good chemical stabilities, high thermal stabilities, and exposed nitrogen sites, gas adsorption and catalytic experiments of the two MOFs were performed. The results demonstrate that MOF 2 can selectively adsorb carbon dioxide gas; moreover, the two MOFs can be employed as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation reactions under solvent-free conditions.
A new metal–organic framework {(Me2NH2)2Co3(μ3-O)(btb)2(py)(H2O)·(DMF)2(H2O)2}n (Cobtbpy) was solvothermal synthesized (H3btb = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxylphenyl)benzene, py = pyridine, DMF = ...N,N-dimethylformamide). Cobtbpy shows a (3,6)-connected rtl 3D network with a point symbol of (4·62)2(42·610·83) based on the Co3(μ3-O) clusters. The obtained Cobtbpy has stable, accessible, dense active sites and can be applied in the potassium- and sodium-ion batteries. Through mixing with single-walled carbon nanotubes, the prepared composite anode material Cobtbpy-0.9 achieved a high reversible capability, delivering 416 mAh/g in the potassium-ion batteries and 379 mAh/g in the sodium-ion batteries at 0.05 A/g. The outstanding properties of Cobtbpy-0.9 in the batteries demonstrated that this MOFs-based carbon composite is a highly desirable electrode material candidate for high-performance potassium- and sodium-ion batteries.
Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) show considerable promise for regenerating injured hearts, and we therefore tested their capacity to stably engraft in a translationally ...relevant preclinical model, the infarcted pig heart. Transplantation of immature hESC-CMs resulted in substantial myocardial implants within the infarct scar that matured over time, formed vascular networks with the host, and evoked minimal cellular rejection. While arrhythmias were rare in infarcted pigs receiving vehicle alone, hESC-CM recipients experienced frequent monomorphic ventricular tachycardia before reverting back to normal sinus rhythm by 4 weeks post transplantation. Electroanatomical mapping and pacing studies implicated focal mechanisms, rather than macro-reentry, for these graft-related tachyarrhythmias as evidenced by an abnormal centrifugal pattern with earliest electrical activation in histologically confirmed graft tissue. These findings demonstrate the suitability of the pig model for the preclinical development of a hESC-based cardiac therapy and provide new insights into the mechanistic basis of electrical instability following hESC-CM transplantation.
•hESC-CM transplantation partially remuscularizes the infarcted pig heart•hESC-CM recipients show frequent tachyarrhythmias at early time points•Graft-related arrhythmias arise from focal mechanisms rather than macro-reentry
In this article, Laflamme and colleagues show that the transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) partially remuscularizes the scar of infarcted and appropriately immunosuppressed pigs. hESC-CM recipients exhibited frequent monomorphic ventricular tachycardia before reverting back to normal sinus rhythm by 4 weeks post transplantation. These graft-related tachyarrhythmias were found to be due to focal mechanisms rather than macro-reentry.
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