Aim： To study the distribution, metabolism and excretion of S-propargyl-cysteine （SPRC）, a novel hydrogen sulfide （H2S） donor, after oral administration in rats. Methods： Adult Sprague-Dawley rats ...were used. The tissue distribution of 3SS SPRC-derived radioactivity was measured using a liquid scintillation counter. The plasma protein binding of SPRC was examined using 96-well equilibrium dialysis. The excretion of SPRC in urine, bile and feces was analyzed usingthe LC-MS/MS method. The major metabolites in rat biomatrices were identified using MRM information-dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion （MRM-IDA-EPI） scans on API 4000QTrap system. Results： After oral administration of 3~S SPRC at a dose of 75 mg/kg, 3SS SPRC-derived radioactivity displayed broad biological distribution in various tissues of rats, including its target organs （heart and brain） with the highest in kidney. On the other hand, the binding of SPRC to human, rat and dog plasma protein was low. Only 2.18%＋0.61% and 0.77%＋0.61% of the total SPRC administered was excreted unchanged in the bile and urine. However, neither intact SPRC nor its metabolites were detected in rat feces. The major metabolic pathway in vivo （rat bile, urine, and plasma） was N-acetylation. Conclusion： The preliminary results suggest that SPRC possesses acceptable pharmacokinetic properties in rats.
Background The relationship between symptom elimination and normalization of esophageal acid level of gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD） on proton-pump inhibitor （PPI） therapy has been ...questioned. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between symptom response and gastro-esophageal acidity control in Chinese patients with GERD on esomeprazole therapy, and to assess the role of 24-hour esophageal pH-metry after therapy in GERD patients.Methods GERD patients with typical reflux symptoms were enrolled and received esomeprazole 40 mg once daily for 4 weeks. Patients with positive baseline 24-hour esophageal pH-metry were divided into two groups depending on an additional dual-channel 24-hour pH-metry after treatment. The pH- group achieved normalization of esophageal pH level whereas the pH＋ group did not.Results Of the 80 patients studied, 76 had abnormal baseline esophageal pH levels. Of these, 90% （52/58） of symptom-free patients and 67% （12/18） of symptom-persistent patients achieved esophageal pH normalization after therapy （P=0.030）. The mean post-therapy gastric nocturnal percent time of pH 〈4.0 was significantly higher in pH＋group than that in pH- group （P 〈0.001） after therapy. The multivariate regression analysis identified hiatus hernia （P〈0.001） and persistent reflux symptom （P=0.004） were two independent factors predicting the low post-therapy esophageal pH level.Conclusions Symptom elimination is not always accompanied by esophageal pH normalization, and vice verse.Esophageal pH-metry is recommended for GERD patients with hiatus hernia or with persistent reflux symptoms after PPI therapy.
碩士
國立臺北大學
合作經濟學系
93
The purpose of this thesis is proceeded a comparative analysis of U.S., Japan, Taiwan and South Korea stock return volatility persistence via structural changes, trading volumes ...and GARCH effects and Its dynamic interactions among these stock markets. While estimating GARCH model, if it does not consider the structural changes that the policy or some other main events cause, and/or reduce not only the prediction ability of GARCH model but also the fluctuation of over-evaluating the stock return volatility persistence. In this study, the time point of multiple structural changes in the time series data are detected based on the iterated cumulative sums of squares（ICSS） algorithm developed by Inclan and Tiao（1994）.
In addition, the trading activities of the stock market itself concerns that the sensitive degree of the investors receiving the information with considering the investment behaviors after entering the new information. Therefore, the trading volumes do cause the stock price to
In this study, taking the amount of anthocyanin extraction as the main index, the extraction process of lyophilized Lycium ruthenicum anthocyanin was optimized by one-way and orthogonal tests, and ...the purification process of anthocyanin and its degradation kinetics were studied under these conditions, to explore the changes of the extraction amount of anthocyanin under different temperatures and pH. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the extraction process: The material-liquid ratio was 1:25 (g:mL), the ethanol concentration was 60%, the pH was 4, and the extraction time was 2 h, which resulted in a purification rate of 90.02%. The amount of anthocyanosides extracted under these conditions amounted to 36.507±0.325 mg/g. In addition, the study showed that AB-8 macroporous resin was the most effective in purifying anthocyanin from Lycium ruthenicum, and it had the best effect on the adsorption and desorption of anthocyanin. The optimal conditions were: The concentration of the sample solution wa
Highlights • Maternal infection during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of ASD. • The risk was more pronounced among maternal hospitalization with infection. • The risk varied ...depending on type of infectious agent, timing and site of infection.
Coated controlled-release fertilizers(CRFs) have been widely applied in agriculture due to their increased efficiency. However, the widespread and a lot of coated CRFs application may leave undesired ...coating residues in the soil due to their slow degradation. Limited information is available on the effects of substantial residual coatings on the soil bacterial community. By adding 0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 times quantities of residual coating from conventional application amount of resin and water-soluble coated CRFs, we studied the responses of soil properties and bacterial community composition to these two residual coatings in black soil. The results showed that the resin and water-soluble coatings did not essentially alter the properties of black soil or cause dramatic changes to bacterial diversity within the test concentration range. The residual resin and water-soluble coatings also did not distinctly alter the relative abundance of the top ten bacteria at phylum level. Heatmap results suggested that the treatments were basically clustered into two groups by concentration rather than types of coating material. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the Simpson’s diversity index of the bacterial community was significantly correlated with microbial biomass carbon(MBC, r=0.394, P<0.05), and the richness index abundance-based coverage estimator(ACE) of the bacterial community was significantly correlated with microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN, r=0.407, P<0.05). Overall, results of this study suggested that substantial residual resin and water-soluble coatings with 0–50 times quantities of residual coating from conventional application amount of coated CRFs did not generate obviously negative impacts on the bacterial community in black soil.
Areversible cardiomyopathy triggered by psychologically stressful events occurs in older women and may mimic evolving acute myocardial infarction or coronary syndrome. This condition is characterized ...by a distinctive form of systolic dysfunction that predominantly affects the distal left ventricle chamber and a favourable outcome with appropriate medical therapy.
Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of chest trauma. Accurate diagnosis and early surgical intervention is essential for patients with large or expanding left ventricular ...pseudoaneurysms due to the high propensity of fatal rupture and thromboembolism or arrhythmia.
VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway is the central therapeutic target in anti-angiogenic treatment in multiple cancers. However, little work has been carried out concerning the pro-malignancy functions of VEGFR2 ...that are independent of its pro-angiogenesis effects in gastric cancer. Here, we demonstrated that VEGFR2 up-regulation in gastric cancer tissues was a prognostic marker for poor disease-free survival and overall survival of gastric cancer patients.
Immunohistochemistry was used to detect VEGFR2 and VTN expressions in specimens. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for survival analysis. Stably knockdown cell lines and overexpression cell lines were constructed by small interfering RNA and plasmids transfection. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to confirm the expressions of target genes at both RNA and protein levels. Cell proliferation was measured by using Cell Counting Kit-8 and xenograft models. Microarray and bioinformatic analysis were also performed to identify the relationship between Vitronectin (VTN) and VEGFR2.
When overexpressed in gastric cancer cells, VEGFR2 increased cellular proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor formation in xenograft models. By using integrating microarray and bioinformatic analysis, we identifiedVTN as a downstream of VEGFR2 pathway. In gain- and loss-of function analysis in gastric cancer cells, VTN was further verified in consistent with VEGFR2 in expression levels and in regulating cell growth and motility in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, in gastric cancer samples, VTN was as also revealed as a poor prognostic factor.
Our present findings defined a novel activity for VEGFR2 in promoting tumorogenicity, motility and indicating a poor survival in gastric cancer beyond its known pro-angiogenic effects.
Our present findings defined a novel activity for VEGFR2 in promoting tumorogenicity, motility and indicating a poor survival in gastric cancer beyond its known pro-angiogenic effects, which may provide a new and valuable target for design of therapies for intervention and a new cognitive perspective for the anti-angiogenesis therapies.
The competition and dynamics of dominant trees species in the forest ecotone between the broad-leaved/Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis） mixed forest and the spruce-fir forest （also known as dark conifer ...forest） in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province in Northeast China were studied by using Lotka-Volterra model, based on the data from twenty-eight sample plots with area of 20 mx90 m for each one. Results showed that under natural condition, differentiation of communities followed two directions： one would be Spruce （Picea jezoensis and few P. koraiensis） and fir （Abies nephrolepis） co-dominant conifer forest, and at the equilibrium fir was absolutely preponderant （77.1% of relative dominance （RD））; the other would be the conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest, and at equilibrium, the broad-leaved tree species was 50% of RD in the broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest and 66% of RD in the broad-leaved and spruce-fir mixed forest. The study demonstrated that both broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest and dark conifer forest were climax community, the ecotone had transitional characteristics, and the diversification of the forest communities suggested that the direction of succession was affected by local habitat.
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