With the increasing trend of global warming and the growing emphasis on carbon reduction programs at home and abroad, there is an urgent need to propose solutions to prevent the greenhouse effect. In ...order to solve such problems, exploring and predicting the trend of carbon dioxide emissions is essential to better establish targeted carbon reduction programs. By analyzing the relationship among carbon emissions, human and natural systems, the relationship between factors such as economic level status, resident population, road passenger traffic, and vegetation carbon sequestration capacity and carbon emissions is studied in five characteristic regions of China, and the predicted results are verified by carbon emission release.
Chinese state reforms have resulted in both horizontal and vertical diffusion of actors in policy-making and policy implementation, leading to the creation of new collaborative institutions between ...government and non-government actors. At the non-governmental level, this has inter alia enabled the development of non-governmental organizations and the passage of a raft of legislation for public participation and access to information. However, the political and legal constraints imposed by the authoritarian system have meant that private citizens still find it hard to make their voice heard. Public participation legislation has suffered from an implementation gap, leading to the proliferation of environmental protests across China. For private citizens, therefore, protest outside of the formal-legal channels is a key tool to influence the policy process and demand public participation and better government accountability. There are indications that protests may result in the improvement and creation of local institutions that facilitate public participation, which in turn help to foster a new model of governance that contains features of Multi-Level Governance.
China's soft power has attracted considerable attention in the recent decade. In this volume scholars from the U.K., Europe, the U.S., Singapore, Australia, Hong Kong and mainland China, including a ...number of well established and well known analysts on China, examine main areas where China has made noticeable advances in its appeal and influence. They include China's foreign policy discourse, international communication, cultural diplomacy, and foreign assistance. In addition, Chinese concept of soft power, foreign policy strategy, and the relationship between its international standing and that of the U.S. are also closely analysed. The volume covers some of the most recent development and assesses China's soft power critically. This book offers an assessment of China's efforts to cultivate its international image, as well as a critique of Nye's theory of soft power. It draws on case studies of the Chinese diplomatic practice and utilizes world opinion polls. This volume offers a theoretical and empirical perspective on the discussion on soft power with a particular focus on China's soft power.
To analyze the mutations of globin genes among patients suspected for thalassemia from the Shanghai area.
A total of 4 644 patients diagnosed at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School ...of Medicine between June 2016 and December 2019 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were tested for common mutations associated with thalassemia gene by Gap-PCR and reverse dot blotting (RDB). Patients were suspected to harbor rare mutations based on the inconsistency between hematological phenotypes and results of common mutation detection, and were further analyzed by Gap-PCR and Sanger sequencing.
Among the 4 644 patients, 2 194 (47.24%) were found to carry common thalassemia mutations, among which 701 (15.09%) were α-thalassemia, 1 448 (31.18%) were β-thalassemia, and 45 (0.97%) were both α- and β-thalassemia. Forty six samples were found to harbor rare mutations, which included 17 α-globin gene and 29 β-globin gene mutations. CD77(CCC>ACC) (HBA2: c.232C>A) of the α-globin gene, NG_000007.3: g.70
We are committed to investigate miR-218-5 effects on the progression of cervical cancer (CC) cell and find out the molecular mechanism.
GSE9750 was obtained from GEO database and R Limma package was ...applied to filter out dysregulated genes. The pathways were enriched by GSEA software, ClusterProfiler and enrichplot packages to predict the function of DEGs. The binding sites of
were detected by miRanda and TargetScan. The miR2Disease database was used to find miRNAs related with CC. The expression of miR-218-5p and
were quantified by qRT-PCR and that of LYN protein was measured by western blot. The targeted relationships between miR-218-5p and
were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Colony formation assays, wound healing, transwell invasion assay and flow cytometer analysis were performed to investigate the roles that miR-218-5p and
played in migration, invasion and death of cervical carcinoma. Xenografts established in nude mice were used to assess tumor growth in vivo.
The highly expressed mRNA
was selected by microarray analysis in GSE9750. NF-κB signaling pathway was enriched base on GSEA results. The expression of miR-218-5p was lower but
was higher in CC primary tumors compared with normal control. In addition, miR-218-5p could regulate the expression of
in HeLa cells negatively. Overexpression of
could promote cell migration and invasion, but inhibit cell death in vitro, and also promote tumor formation in vivo via activating NF-κB signaling pathway which could be reversed by miR-218-5p.
MiR-218-5p suppressed the progression of CC via
/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Adenomyosis is a uterine condition in which endometrial glands and stroma are commonly pathologically observed in the myometrium. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of resveratrol on ...the progression of adenomyosis. Adenomyosis was induced in mice given tamoxifen neonatally. All mice were subjected to body weight measurement and hotplate testing every four weeks beginning four weeks after birth. All mice with adenomyosis were randomly separated into 3 groups at 16 weeks: untreated, low-dose resveratrol (25 mg/kg), and high-dose resveratrol (50 mg/kg). After 3 weeks of treatment, final hotplate test and body weight measurement were performed, and the uterine horn blood samples were collected. Adenomyosis in mice caused body weight loss and uterine weight gain, reduced hotplate latency, and progression of endometrial fibrosis. The underlying biological process could be coupled with the overexpression of many cells’ proliferation and immune-regulation–related genes. Resveratrol treatment could slow the progression of adenomyosis by enhancing hotplate latency, lowering endometrial fibrosis, and restoring cell proliferation- and immune-regulation-associated gene expression levels in endometrium and plasma. However, resveratrol treatment also reduced the body weight and uterine weight. In conclusion, Resveratrol might be a potential compound for treating patients with adenomyosis.
Trim-Away is a recent technique to rapidly deplete a protein from any cell type. Guided by antibodies, TRIM21 selects proteins for destruction. However, the applicability of this method in model ...organisms has not been investigated. Here, we show that Trim-Away can degrade proteins in zebrafish embryos. Trim-Away depletes proteins faster than morpholinos, which enables analysis of protein function during early embryogenesis. Furthermore, Trim-Away can be applied to evaluate the role of maternally contributed proteins in zebrafish embryos. Our findings indicate that Trim-Away is a powerful tool to perform functional analysis of proteins during zebrafish development.
With industry development, the separation of oily wastewater is becoming more critical. Inspired by organisms such as lotus leaves, biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces with micro-nano structures ...have shown great potential in this regard. In this work, PDMS/PVDF oil-water separation membranes with designed microstructures were prepared by electrospinning technology. The membrane-forming effect of electrospinning with different ratios of PDMS and PVDF was studied. The study found that membranes with high PDMS content were more likely to form microspheres, and PDMS tended to concentrate on the microspheres. The results also showed that the microspheres would bring better hydrophobicity to the membrane. When the ratio of PDMS to PVDF is 1:2, the membrane has a water contact angle of up to 150° and an oil contact angle of 0°. At this ratio, the separation efficiency of the membrane for the water-in-oil emulsion is 98.7%, and it can still maintain more than 98% after ten separation cycles, which is a good candidate for oil-water separation. Furthermore, microspheres enable the membrane to achieve macroscopic uniformity and microscopic phase separation so that the membranes have both good elongation and fracture strength. In addition, the PDMS/PVDF membranes also exhibit excellent UV resistance, and their UV protection factor is greater than 185, making them a potential UV protective material.
Gynecological cancers are the most lethal malignancies among females, most of which are associated with gene mutations. Few studies have compared the differences in the genomic landscape among ...various types of gynecological cancers. In this study, we evaluated the diversity of mutations in different gynecological cancers.
A total of 184 patients with gynecological cancer, including ovarian, cervical, fallopian tube, and endometrial cancer, were included. Next-generation sequencing was performed to detect the mutations and tumor mutational burden (TMB). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were also conducted.
We found that 94.57% of patients had at least one mutation, among which single nucleotide variants, insertions and InDels were in the majority.
, and
were the top 10 most frequently mutated genes. Patients with ovarian cancer tended to have higher frequencies of
and
mutations, and the frequency of germline
mutations (18/24, 75.00%) was higher than that of
(11/19, 57.89%). A new mutation hotspot in
(I770) was firstly discovered among Chinese patients with gynecological cancer. Patients with
,
,
, and
mutations had significantly higher TMB values than those with wild-type genes. A significant cross was discovered between the enriched KEGG pathways of gynecological and breast cancers. GO enrichment revealed that the mutated genes were crucial for the cell cycle, neuronal apoptosis, and DNA repair.
Various gynecological cancer types share similarities and differences both in clinical characterization and genomic mutations. Taken together with the results of TMB and enriched pathways, this study provided useful information on the molecular mechanism underlying gynecological cancers and the development of targeted drugs and precision medicine.
Conjunctions play a crucial role in the construction of a coherent mental representation by signaling coherence relations between clauses, especially for second language users. By using event-related ...potentials (ERPs), this study aimed to investigate how different conjunctions (so, and, although, or a full stop) affect the interpretation of a following ambiguous pronoun for both native and non-native speakers, in sentences such as Lily disappointed Nina, so she ... ERP results showed that relative to so, and, and full stop sentences, the pronoun in although clauses elicited a larger Nref (sustained negativity) response in both native (L1) readers and second language (L2) readers, irrespective of whether the verb in the first clause biased towards a particular noun phrase (NP) referent. Moreover, larger Nrefs to pronouns were seen in L2 than L1 readers when clauses were connected by so, although or a full stop. Additionally, larger Nref responses were evoked by pronouns in NP2- than NP1-biased conditions when the clauses were connected by the conjunction so or when sentences contained no overt conjunctions (full stop). These findings indicate that different conjunctions exert different modulating effects on resolving referential uncertainty/ambiguity. Relative to native speakers, non-native speakers are more likely to encounter referential uncertainty when the sentences are conjoined by conjunctions with more complex semantics.
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