Following our previous proposal, we construct a class of good "lattice cross sections" (LCSs), from which we can study the partonic structure of hadrons from ab initio lattice QCD calculations. These ...good LCSs, on the one hand, can be calculated directly in lattice QCD, and on the other hand, can be factorized into parton distribution functions (PDFs) with calculable coefficients, in the same way as QCD factorization for factorizable hadronic cross sections. PDFs could be extracted from QCD global analysis of the lattice QCD generated data of LCSs. We also show that the proposed functions for lattice QCD calculation of PDFs in the literature are special cases of these good LCSs.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, CTK, FMFMET, NUK, UL
We present for the first time complete next-to-next-to-leading-order coefficient functions to match flavor nonsinglet quark correlation functions in position space, which are calculable in lattice ...QCD, to parton distribution functions (PDFs). Using PDFs extracted from experimental data and our calculated matching coefficients, we predict valence-quark correlation functions that can be confronted by lattice QCD calculations. The uncertainty of our predictions is greatly reduced with higher order matching coefficients. By performing Fourier transformation, we also obtain matching coefficients for corresponding quasi-PDFs and pseudo-PDFs. Our method of calculations can be readily generalized to evaluate the matching coefficients for sea-quark and gluon correlation functions, making the program to extract partonic structure of hadrons from lattice QCD calculations comparable with and complementary to that from experimental measurements.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, CTK, FMFMET, NUK, UL
Extracting parton distribution functions (PDFs) from lattice QCD calculation of quasi-PDFs has been actively pursued in recent years. We extend our proof of the multiplicative renormalizability of ...the quasiquark operators of Ishikawa et al. Phys Rev. D 96, 094019 (2017) to quasigluon operators, and demonstrated that quasigluon operators could be multiplicatively renormalized to all orders in perturbation theory, without mixing with other operators. We find that using a gauge-invariant UV regulator is essential for achieving this proof. With the multiplicative renormalizability of both quasiquark and quasigluon operators, and QCD collinear factorization of hadronic matrix elements of there operators into PDFs, extracting PDFs from lattice QCD calculated hadronic matrix elements of quasiparton operators could have a solid theoretical foundation.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, CTK, FMFMET, NUK, UL
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a worldwide distributed plant, is an important economic crop and with a long cultivation history in China as well as some other countries in Asia. Except for the ...edible applications, the plant of P. frutescens is also traditionally used as a medicinal herb in China for thousands years. The leaves, seeds and stems of P. frutescens are recommended by the Chinese Pharmacopeia as three medicinal materials for various therapeutic applications. In the past decades, amount investigations have been done about different aspects for P. frutescens. However, no literature review about these works has been compiled. This review aims to present the findings of research conducted up-to-date (2015) on the traditional use, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities and toxicities of P. frutescens to provide scientific evidence for well-understanding and future research of P. frutescens. It was found that more than 100 compounds have been reported for P. frutescens and most of them are contributed to its medical benefits such as anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anticancer, anti-microbial, anti-depressive and anti-cough effects. Toxicology studies have been conducted to evaluate the safety of P. frutescens to provide information on their dosages and usages.
Single‐molecule detection represents the ultimate sensitivity in measurement science with the characteristics of simplicity, rapidity, low sample consumption, and high signal‐to‐noise ratio and has ...attracted considerable attentions in biosensor development. In recent years, a variety of functional nanomaterials with unique chemical, optical, mechanical, and electronic features have been synthesized. The integration of single‐molecule detection with functional nanomaterials enables the construction of novel single‐molecule fluorescent nanosensors with excellent performance. Herein, we review the advance in single‐molecule fluorescent nanosensors constructed by novel nanomaterials including quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, upconversion nanoparticles, fluorescent conjugated polymer nanoparticles, nanosheets, and magnetic nanoparticles in the past decade (2011–2020), and discuss the strategies, features, and applications of single‐molecule fluorescent nanosensors in the detection of microRNAs, DNAs, enzymes, proteins, viruses, and live cells. Moreover, we highlight the future direction and challenges in this area.
This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle‐Based Sensing
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Integration of single‐molecule detection with functional nanomaterials enables the construction of various single‐molecule fluorescent nanosensors.
In recent past years, investigation of hierarchical self-assembly for constructing artificial functional materials has attracted considerable attention. Discrete metallacycles based on coordination ...bonds have proven to be valid scaffolds to fabricate various supramolecular polymers or smart soft matter through hierarchical self-assembly. Here, we present the first example of the hierarchical self-assembly of discrete metallacycles by taking advantage of the positive charges of the organoplatinum(II) metallacycle skeleton through multiple electrostatic interactions. Heparin, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan polymer that has been widely used as an anticoagulant drug, was selected to induce hierarchical self-assembly because of the existence of multiple negative charges. To investigate the hierarchical self-assembly process, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active moiety, tetra-phenylethylene (TPE), was introduced onto the metallacycle via coordination-driven self-assembly. Photophysical studies revealed that the addition of heparin to the tris-TPE metallacycles solution resulted in dramatic fluorescence enhancement, which supported the aggregation between metallacycle and heparin driven by multiple electrostatic interactions. Moreover, the entangled pearl-necklace networks were obtained through hierarchical self-assembly as detected by SEM, TEM, and LSCM experiments. In particular, single bead-like chains were observed in the AFM and TEM images, which provided direct, visual evidence for the aggregation of positively charged metallacycles and negatively charged heparin. More interestingly, further optical study demonstrated that this TPE-decorated metallacycle could function as a turn-on fluorescent probe for heparin detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. Thus, this research presents the first example of counter polyanion-induced hierarchical self-assembly of discrete metallacycles and provides a “proof-of-principle” method for heparin sensing and binding.
We demonstrate the development of a new fluorescent biosensor for sensitive DNA methylation assay by integrating single-molecule detection with endo IV-assisted signal amplification. This biosensor ...possesses the characteristics of good selectivity and high sensitivity with a detection limit of 7.3 × 10
−17
M. It can distinguish as low as 0.01% methylation level, and can analyze genomic DNA methylation even in a single cancer cell.
We develop a new fluorescent biosensor for sensitive DNA methylation assay by integrating single-molecule detection with endo IV-assisted signal amplification.
PDF
