Increasing evidence supports that microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene regulation plays a significant functional role in cancer progression. To investigate the expression and clinical significance of ITGB1 ...in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the expression levels of ITGB1 in NSCLC tissues and human normal lung tissues were analyzed in silico using genes microarray, KEGG pathway and hierarchical clustering analysis followed by validation with quantitative RT-PCR. Our results showed that ITGB1 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues when compared with normal lung tissues. Survival analysis based on the qRT-PCR data established that ITGB1 expression was attentively related to the prognosis of NSCLC, and patients with higher ITGB1 expression had shorter overall survival (OS). Moreover, ITGB1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-493-5p. Furthermore, concomitant high expression of ITGB1 and low expression of miR-493-5p correlated with a shorter median OS and PFS in NSCLC patients. In conclusion, our results provide the first evidence that ITGB1 is a direct target of miR-493-5p suggesting that ITGB1 and miR-493-5p may have potential prognostic value and may be useful as tumor biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC patients.
Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra decoction, MHT) is a famous classical formula from Shang Han Lun by Zhang Zhongjing in the Han Dynasty. The anti-asthmatic effects of MHT and the possible mechanisms were ...tested.
An asthma model was established by ovalbumin (OVA)-induction in mice. A total of forty-eight mice were randomly assigned to six experimental groups: control, model, dexamethasone (2 mg·kg−1) and MHT (5, 10, and 20 mg·kg−1). Airway resistance (Raw) was measured by the forced oscillation technique, histological studies were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Th1/Th2 and Th17 cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Th17 cells were evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM).
This study demonstrated that MHT inhibited OVA-induced increases in Raw and eosinophil count; interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-17 levels were recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, increased IFN-γ level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological studies demonstrated that MHT substantially inhibited OVA-induced eosinophilia in lung tissue. Flow cytometry studies demonstrated that MHT substantially inhibited Th17 cells.
These findings suggest that MHT may effectively ameliorate the progression of asthma, and could be further investigated for potential use as a therapy for patients with allergic asthma.
For distributed energy resources (DERs) in islanded microgrid (MG), to improve the control effect on the output voltages and frequency from droop control, a novel distributed control strategy is ...proposed in this article based on the concept of cyber physical system (CPS). The novel control structure is consisted by the cyber and the physical layers. In the cyber layer: firstly, the communication structures of overall microgrid and single DER are constructed; then, based on the communication structures, the influence of time-delay (delay) and packet loss (loss) on consensus control is analyzed in this article; And then, an event-triggered mechanism combined with adapt virtual leader-following consensus control (AVLFCC) and predictive compensation is proposed in this layer. It is used to solve the problem of time-varying delay and loss rate in the process of consensus control. In the physical layer: firstly, the droop control is used as the primary control on the output voltages and frequency of DERs; then, a novel secondary control method is proposed by using the event-triggered mechanism. And finally, the simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the novel distributed control strategy under communication problems (delay and loss) and during plug-and-play operation.
Aim： Sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction as experienced at high altitude can lead to pulmonary hypertension （PH）. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of ...echinacoside （ECH）, a phenylethanoid glycoside from the Tibetan herb Lagotis brevituba Maxim and Cistanche tubulosa, on the pulmonary artery and its potential mechanism. Methods： Pulmonary arterial rings obtained from male Wistar rats were suspended in organ chambers filled with Krebs-Henseleit solution, and isometric tension was measured using a force transducer. Intracellular Ca2＋ levels were measured in cultured rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells （PASMCs） using Fluo 4-AM. Results： ECH （30-300μmol/L） relaxed rat pulmonary arteries precontracted by noradrenaline （NE） in a concentration-dependent manner, and this effect could be observed in both intact endothelium and endothelium-denuded rings, but with a significantly lower maximum response and a higher ECso in endothelium-denuded rings. This effect was significantly blocked by L-NAME, TEA, and BaCI2. However, IMT, 4-AP, and Gli did not inhibit ECH-induced relaxation. Under extracellular Ca2＋-free conditions, the maximum contraction was reduced to 24.54%±2.97% and 10.60%±2.07% in rings treated with 100 and 300 μmol/L of ECH, respectively. Under extracellular calcium influx conditions, the maximum contraction was reduced to 112.42%±7.30%, 100.29%±8.66%, and 74.74%±4.95% in rings treated with 30, 100, and 300 μmol/L of ECH, respectively. After cells were loaded with Fluo 4-AM, the mean fluorescence intensity was lower in cells treated with ECH （100 μmol/L） than with NE. Conclusion： ECH suppresses NE-induced contraction of rat pulmonary artery via reducing intracellular Ca2＋ levels, and induces its relaxation through the NO-cGMP pathway and opening of K＋ channels （BKca and KIR）.
Chromatograms of mixed standard solution of DA, 5-HT and their metabolites: 1
=
DHBA, 2
=
DA, 3
=
DOPAC, 4
=
5-HT, 5
=
5-HIAA, and 6
=
HVA. They were well separated from each other and their ...retention time was 4.3
min, 5.7
min, 6.9
min, 17.6
min, 13.2
min, 14.7
min and, respectively.
Traditional Chinese medicine
Zhen-Wu-Tang (
ZWT) is a well-known PentaHerbs formula from “Treatise on Febrile Disease”. This study is to elucidate its neuroprotective effect and mechanism of ameliorative effect of the syndrome of Parkinson's disease (PD).
The ameliorative effect of
ZWT on symptom of PD through behavior tests including: swimming test, the tail suspension test and open-field test was investigated. The neuroprotective effect of dopaminergic neurons from the striatum and frontal cortex of brain was detected by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD).
This study proved that
ZWT could ameliorate the typical symptom of PD and protect dopaminergic system.
These results suggested that
ZWT possessed protective and ameliorative properties of dopaminergic neurons.
Evidence has also shown that micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) plays an important role in many cellular processes. However, it is unclear how ionizing radiation causes the miRNA and circular ribonucleic ...acid (circRNA) expression levels to change and how this change relates to esophageal injury. We analyzed RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) data from normal esophageal tissue and irradiated esophageal tissues and used computational approaches to identify and characterize differentially expressed miRNAs and circRNAs. We detected 27 miRNAs and 197 circRNAs that had significantly different expression levels after ionizing radiation treatment compared with normal control.Among the 27 miRNAs, 7 miRNAs were down-regulated, and the other 20 were up-regulated. Their target genes were found to be involved in responses to wound, lipid biosynthesis, cell proliferation, cell migration, chemokine activity, hairpin binding, and the cell membrane system. We also found 197 differentially expressed circRNAs in total, of which 87 were up-regulated and 110 were down-regulated. Notably, we found that differentially expressed circRNAs were enriched in cell differentiation, epithelial cell migration, striatum development, protein binding, extracellular exosome, and focal adhesion functions. Of the related processes, sphingolipid metabolism was notable. Many of the differentially expressed circRNAs were involved in sphingolipid metabolism pathways. Cells responded to ionizing radiation (IR) using multiple pathways, which led to sphingolipid metabolism and other immune responses, ultimately leading to esophageal injury.IR-induced esophageal injury is worth studying, especially the dynamic network of circRNA and miRNA. By knowing the regulatory details of related pathways, radiation-related esophageal injury can be prevented, and the efficiency of radiation therapy can be enhanced.
The strength of the bond between concretes is attributed to surface roughness. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the roughness of concrete surfaces. In the traditional method, concrete surface ...roughness is measured using the sand filling method, which is contacting, inefficient, and destructive. Accordingly, this paper proposes an edge detection-based method for measuring concrete surface roughness. By combining pixel and sub-pixel edge detection, aggregate edges are extracted and a relationship curve between edge frequency and concrete surface roughness is fitted using the least squares method to achieve a non-contact, stable and non-destructive measurement. Experimental outcomes indicate that the accuracy of the method for measuring concrete surface roughness can reach 94.7%. Additionally, a single-input, single-output neural network model based on calculated edge frequencies is constructed with a measurement accuracy of 95.4% for concrete surface roughness detection.
Metal nanoparticles could be accumulated in soils, which threatens the ecological stability of crops. Investigating the effects of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu
O-NPs) on photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) of ...wheat seedling leaves holds considerable importance in comprehending the implications of Cu
O-NPs on crop photosynthesis. Following the hydroponic method, we investigated the effects of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg·L
Cu
O-NPs on chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics and photosynthetic-related genes in wheat seedlings of "Zhoumai 18". The results showed that, with the increases of Cu
O-NPs concentrations, chlorophyll contents in wheat leaves decreased, and the standardization of the OJIP curve showed a clearly K-phase (ΔK＞0). Cu
O-NPs stress increased the parameters of active PSⅡ reaction centers, including the absorption flux per active RC (ABS/RC), the trapping flux per active RC (TRo/RC), the electron transport flux per active RC (ETo/RC), and the dissipation flux per active RC (DIo/RC). Cu
O-NPs stress decreased the parameters of PSⅡ energy distribution ratio including the maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ (
), the quantum yield of electron transport from QA (
), and the probability that a trapped exciton moved an electron further than QA (
), while increased the quantum ratio for heat dissipation (
). Moreover, there was a decrease in photosynthetic quantum yield Y(Ⅱ), photochemical quenching coefficient (
), net photosynthetic rate (
), stomatal conductance (
), intercellular CO
concentration (
), and transpiration rate (
) of leaves with the increases of Cu
O-NPs concentration. Under Cu
O-NPs stress, the expression levels of genes which included PSⅡ genes (
,
,
), Rubisco large subunit genes (
), cytochrome b6/f complex genes (
,
), and ATP synthase genes (
,
,
,
) were downregulated. These results indicated that Cu
O-NPs stress altered the activity and structure of PSⅡ in wheat seedlings, affected the activity of PSⅡ reaction centers, performance parameters of PSⅡ donor and acceptor sides. PSⅡ related genes were downregulated and exhibited significant concentration effects.
Metal nanoparticles could be accumulated in soils, which threatens the ecological stability of crops. Investigating the effects of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O-NPs) on photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) of ...wheat seedling leaves holds considerable importance in comprehending the implications of Cu2O-NPs on crop photosynthesis. Following the hydroponic method, we investigated the effects of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg·L-1 Cu2O-NPs on chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics and photosynthetic-related genes in wheat seedlings of "Zhoumai 18". The results showed that, with the increases of Cu2O-NPs concentrations, chlorophyll contents in wheat leaves decreased, and the standardization of the OJIP curve showed a clearly K-phase (ΔK＞0). Cu2O-NPs stress increased the parameters of active PSⅡ reaction centers, including the absorption flux per active RC (ABS/RC), the trapping flux per active RC (TRo/RC), the electron transport flux per active RC (ETo/RC), and the dissipation flux per active RC (DIo/RC). Cu2O-NPs stress decreased the parameters of PSⅡ energy distribution ratio including the maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ (φPo), the quantum yield of electron transport from QA (φEo), and the probability that a trapped exciton moved an electron further than QA (Ψo), while increased the quantum ratio for heat dissipation (φDo). Moreover, there was a decrease in photosynthetic quantum yield Y(Ⅱ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves with the increases of Cu2O-NPs concentration. Under Cu2O-NPs stress, the expression levels of genes which included PSⅡ genes (PsbD, PsbP, Lhcb1), Rubisco large subunit genes (RbcL), cytochrome b6/f complex genes (PetD, Rieske), and ATP synthase genes (AtpA, AtpB, AtpE, AtpI) were downregulated. These results indicated that Cu2O-NPs stress altered the activity and structure of PSⅡ in wheat seedlings, affected the activity of PSⅡ reaction centers, performance parameters of PSⅡ donor and acceptor sides. PSⅡ related genes were downregulated and exhibited significant concentration effects.
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