Despite the physical and psychological benefits of exercise, recent evidence has been gathered on the downsides of this healthy habit in the form of exercise dependence. Exercise dependence is an ...uncontrolled urge for exercising and satisfying that urge becomes the ultimate goal in everyday life and, consequently leads to the loss of beneficial effects of exercise. This study contains validation of the Exercise Dependence Scale (Hausenblas & Symon Downs, 2002b) used for the first time on a Croatian sample for measuring exercise dependence symptoms. In an online conducted research 281 women participated, mean age of 22 years (SD = 2.70). The
aim of this study was to examine the contribution of perfectionism and disordered eating in explaining exercise dependence symptoms. The conducted analyses identified personal standards, doubt about actions, and dieting as significant individual predictors for exercise dependence. More precisely, participants with higher personal standards, more doubts about their actions, and those who often engage in dieting tend to experience more exercise dependence symptoms. Perfectionism dimensions and disordered eating aspects explained 23% of the exercise dependence variance.
Doživljaj smisla života predstavlja stupanj u kojem ljudi razumiju i vide značenje u svom životu. S obzirom da predstavlja doživljaj procjene svrhovitosti svog postojanja i utječe na postavljanje ...ciljeva u vlastitu životu, nedvojbeno ima učinke na psihološku dobrobit pojedinca. Istraživanja u ovom području upućuju na značajnu ulogu različitih čimbenika u doživljaju smisla života. Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio ispitati ulogu nekih demografskih karakteristika (spola, dobi i obrazovanja), religioznosti (religijskih vjerovanja, obredne religioznosti i posljedice religioznosti na socijalno ponašanje) i stavova prema smrti (straha od smrti, izbjegavanja smrti, prihvaćanje smrti, prihvaćanje smrti bijegom, neutralnog prihvaćanja smrti) u objašnjenju doživljaja smisla života kod odraslih osoba. U istraživanju su sudjelovala 433 sudionika (143 muškarca i 290 žena) prosječne dobi 35 godina iz različitih dijelova Hrvatske. Od mjernih je instrumenata korištena Skala smisla života, Upitnik religioznosti i Upitnik stavova prema smrti i umiranju. Hijerarhijskom je regresijskom analizom utvrðeno da su strah od smrti i prihvaćanje smrti bijegom značajne samostalne odrednice doživljaja smisla životom. Dimenzije religioznosti nisu značajno samostalno pridonijele objašnjenju doživljaja smisla životom. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na to da sudionici koji se manje boje smrti te koji smrt više vide kao nastavak života izvještavaju o većem doživljaju smisla života.
The experience of meaning in life can be defined as the extent in which people comprehend and see significance in their lives. Considering that it represents the experience of evaluation of purpose ...of one's existence and that it affects goal setting in one's own life, it undoubtedly has effects on the psychological well-being of an individual. Research in this area point on the significant role of various factors in the experience of meaning in life. The aim of this study was to examine the role of some demographic characteristics (gender, age and education), religiosity (religious beliefs, ritual religiosity and consequences of religiosity on social behavior) and attitudes toward death (fear of death, avoidance of death, acceptance of death, acceptance of death by escape, neutral acceptance of death) in explaining the experience of meaning in life in adults. The sample consisted of 433 participants (143 men and 290 women) mean age of 35, from different parts of Croatia. Used instruments included Purpose of life scale, Religiosity questionnaire and Attitudes toward death and dying questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that fear of death and acceptance of death by escape are significant independent determinants of the experience of meaning in life. Dimensions of religiosity did not significantly independently contribute to explaining the experience of meaning in life. Obtained results indicate that participants who are less afraid of death and who see death as a continuation of life report greater experience of meaning in life.
Modern parenting is characterized by numerous changes which make the parental role not only fulfilling but also very demanding and stressful. In the process of adjustment to the parental role, some ...personality characteristics of parents can function as protective or risk factors for subjective parental adjustment (parental burnout and competence) and for parental behavior. Therefore, the aim of this research was to test the mediating role of parental burnout and competence in the relationship between personality characteristics of parents (neuroticism and tendency towards parenting perfectionism) and parental neglect of children and violence towards children, while controlling for some sociodemographic variables. A total of 1025 parents from Croatia (90% mothers) participated in the research. Using SEM, two competing models (“i.e.,”, partial vs. full mediation) were tested. The obtained results clearly indicated better fit of the partial mediation model to the data. It was determined that parental burnout and competence had a partial mediating role in the relationship between personality characteristics of parents and their tendency towards child neglect and violence. Higher levels of neuroticism and parenting perfectionistic concerns contribute to increased parental burnout. Furthermore, a higher level of parental burnout contributes to a higher level of parent reported violence and neglect towards the child. Also, parents who are more emotionally stable and have higher standards regarding oneself as parent (self-oriented parenting perfectionism) and a lower tendency to be self-critical in one’s parenting role (perfectionistic concerns), with greater perceived parental competence, are less susceptible to being violent against their children.
Highlights
Some parents can experience feelings of burnout in the parental role due to reinforced parental demands.
This research points to the constructs of parental burnout and competence as determinants of (in)adequate parental behavior.
Higher levels of neuroticism and parenting perfectionistic concerns contribute to increased parental burnout.
Findings suggest that perfectionism concerns over mistakes can harm children by increasing parental neglect and violence towards children.
Parental burnout is a syndrome characterised by exhaustion in parenting as a result of permanent exposure to chronic parental stress. This syndrome manifests in emotional distancing from one's ...children with loss of pleasure and fulfilment in one's parental role and doubts about the ability to be a good parent. The main goal was to examine the contribution of sociodemographic variables (gender and age of parents, education, work status and financial status of the family), personal characteristics of parents (emotional (in)stability and perfectionism in parenting), dimensions of parental behaviour (parental support, permissiveness and restrictive control) and personal characteristics of the target child (gender, age, strengths and difficulties of the child) in explaining parental burnout. A total of 490 parents (90% mothers) participated in the research, with the average age of 40 (M = 40,04; SD = 5,63). The results of HRA show that the most significant predictors of parental burnout are parental characteristics (higher emotional instability and perfectionistic concerns), parental behaviour (low parental support) and child characteristics (younger age of the child, higher level of internalised and externalised problems). The emotional (in)stability of parents is the most significant predictor of parental burnout in the parental role.
Uloga osobnih čimbenika u objašnjenju kompulzivnog prejedanja Božić, Danijela; Macuka, Ivana
Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja/Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja,
12/2017, Volume:
53, Issue:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Peer reviewed
Open access
A common characteristic of different forms of eating disorders is the excessive influence of body image and weight in an individual’s self-evaluation, as well as irregular or chaotic patterns of food ...intake. Binge eating is a separate eating disorder that involves the ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a short period, followed by an intense sense of loss of control. Past research has shown the importance of personal factors in explaining binge eating. The aim of this study was to examine the role of emotional regulation and control, the level of negative urgency, self-criticisms and self-reassurance, and body mass index in explaining binge eating. The research was conducted on a sample of 302 girls, the average age was 22 years (SD=2.70), and the data were collected using an on-line questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine separate contributions of individual groups of personal factors explaining binge eating in girls. The level of negative urgency and hated self, as a dimension of self-criticism, were significant individual factors behind binge eating. In conclusion, the results indicate that girls with a higher level of negative urgency and higher level of hated self are more likely to binge eat, and personal factors selected in this study explained 45.6% of binge eating variance.
Kod različitih oblika poremećaja hranjenja zajedničko obilježje je pretjerani utjecaj tjelesnog izgleda i težine u samoevaluaciji pojedinca uz neredovite ili kaotične obrasce unosa hrane. Zaseban ...poremećaj hranjenja kompulzivno prejedanje uključuje unos neuobičajeno velike količine hrane u kratkom vremenskom razdoblju kojeg prati intenzivan osjećaj gubitka kontrole. Dosadašnja istraživanja ukazuju na važnu ulogu raznih osobnih čimbenika u objašnjenju sklonosti kompulzivnom prejedanju, a cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati zasebnu ulogu sposobnosti emocionalne regulacije i kontrole, razine uzbuđenja uslijed negativnog raspoloženja, samokritičnosti i samoohrabrivanja te indeksa tjelesne mase u objašnjenju sklonosti kompulzivnog prejedanja. U istraživanju su sudjelovale 302 djevojke prosječne dobi 22 godine (SD=2,70), a podaci su prikupljeni online upitnikom. Hijerarhijskom regresijskom analizom utvrđeni su zasebni doprinosi pojedinih skupina osobnih čimbenika objašnjenju kompulzivnog prejedanja kod djevojaka. Značajne samostalne odrednice kompulzivnog prejedanja su razina uzbuđenja uslijed negativnog raspoloženja i razina nevoljenog selfa kao zasebna dimenzija samokritičnosti. Zaključno, dobiveni rezultati ukazuju kako su djevojke s višom razinom uzbuđenja uslijed negativnog raspoloženja i višom razinom nevoljenog selfa sklonije kompulzivnom prejedanju, a odabrane osobne varijable u ovom istraživanju ukupno objašnjavaju 45,6 % varijance kompulzivnog prejedanja.
A common characteristic of different forms of eating disorders is the excessive influence of body image and weight in an individual’s self-evaluation, as well as irregular or chaotic patterns of food intake. Binge eating is a separate eating disorder that involves the ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a short period, followed by an intense sense of loss of control. Past research has shown the importance of personal factors in explaining binge eating. The aim of this study was to examine the role of emotional regulation and control, the level of negative urgency, self-criticisms and self-reassurance, and body mass index in explaining binge eating. The research was conducted on a sample of 302 girls, the average age was 22 years (SD=2.70), and the data were collected using an on-line questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine separate contributions of individual groups of personal factors explaining binge eating in girls. The level of negative urgency and hated self, as a dimension of self-criticism, were significant individual factors behind binge eating. In conclusion, the results indicate that girls with a higher level of negative urgency and higher level of hated self are more likely to binge eat, and personal factors selected in this study explained 45.6% of binge eating variance.
A common characteristic of different forms of eating disorders is the excessive influence of body image and weight in an individual's self-evaluation, as well as irregular or chaotic patterns of food ...intake. Binge eating is a separate eating disorder that involves the ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a short period, followed by an intense sense of loss of control. Past research has shown the importance of personal factors in explaining binge eating. The aim of this study was to examine the role of emotional regulation and control, the level of negative urgency, self-criticisms and self-reassurance, and body mass index in explaining binge eating. The research was conducted on a sample of 302 girls, the average age was 22 years (SD=2.70), and the data were collected using an on-line questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine separate contributions of individual groups of personal factors explaining binge eating in girls. The level of negative urgency and hated self, as a dimension of self-criticism, were significant individual factors behind binge eating. In conclusion, the results indicate that girls with a higher level of negative urgency and higher level of hated self are more likely to binge eat, and personal factors selected in this study explained 45.6% of binge eating variance. Keywords: binge eating, emotional regulation, negative urgency, self-criticism, self-reassurance, body mass index Kod razlicitih oblika poremecaja hranjenja zajednicko obiljezje je pretjerani utjecaj tjelesnog izgleda i tezine u samoevaluaciji pojedinca uz neredovite ili kaoticne obrasce unosa hrane. Zaseban poremecaj hranjenja kompulzivno prejedanje ukljucuje unos neuobicajeno velike kolicine hrane u kratkom vremenskom razdoblju kojeg prati intenzivan osjecaj gubitka kontrole. Dosadasnja istrazivanja ukazuju na vaznu ulogu raznih osobnih cimbenika u objasnjenju sklonosti kompulzivnom prejedanju, a cilj ovog istrazivanja bio je ispitati zasebnu ulogu sposobnosti emocionalne regulacije i kontrole, razine uzbudenja uslijed negativnog raspolozenja, samokriticnosti i samoohrabrivanja te indeksa tjelesne mase u objasnjenju sklonosti kompulzivnog prejedanja. U istrazivanju su sudjelovale 302 djevojke prosjecne dobi 22 godine (SD=2,70), a podaci su prikupljeni online upitnikom. Hijerarhijskom regresijskom analizom utvrdeni su zasebni doprinosi pojedinih skupina osobnih cimbenika objasnjenju kompulzivnog prejedanja kod djevojaka. Znacajne samostalne odrednice kompulzivnog prejedanja su razina uzbudenja uslijed negativnog raspolozenja i razina nevoljenog selfa kao zasebna dimenzija samokriticnosti. Zakljucno, dobiveni rezultati ukazuju kako su djevojke s visom razinom uzbudenja uslijed negativnog raspolozenja i visom razinom nevoljenog selfa sklonije kompulzivnom prejedanju, a odabrane osobne varijable u ovom istrazivanju ukupno objasnjavaju 45,6 % varijance kompulzivnog prejedanja. Kljucne rijeci: kompulzivno prejedanje, emocionalna regulacija, uzbudenje uslijed negativnog raspolozenja, samokriticnost, samoohrabrivanje, indeks tjelesne mase
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