Genital anomalies in newborns Mecarini, Federico; Fanos, Vassilios; Crisponi, Giangiorgio
Journal of perinatology,
09/2021, Volume:
41, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Examination of genitalia should be an essential part of newborn assessment. Early detection of congenital disorders is essential to begin appropriate medical or surgical therapy and to prevent ...complications that could profoundly affect a child's life. The present review aims to describe the main genital anomalies in infants and provide images in order to help the physician in current clinical practice.
Anomalies of the oral cavity in newborns Mecarini, Federico; Fanos, Vassilios; Crisponi, Giangiorgio
Journal of perinatology,
03/2020, Volume:
40, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Examination of the oral cavity should be an essential part of the newborn assessment. Early detection of congenital disorders is essential to begin appropriate medical or surgical therapy and to ...prevent complications that could profoundly affect a child's life. The present review aims to describe the main anomalies of the oral cavity in infants and provide images in order to help the physician in current clinical practice.
We have illustrated the fabrication of nano-structures as a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate using electro-plating and electron-beam lithography techniques to obtain an array of ...gold nanograin-aggregate structures of diameter ranging between 80 and 100
nm with interstitial gap of 10–30
nm. The nanostructure based SERS substrate permits us to have better control and reproducibility on generation of plasmon polaritons. The calculation shows the possible detection of myoglobin concentration down to attomole. This SERS substrate is used to investigate the structural changes of different proteins; lysozyme, ribonuclease-B, bovin serum albumin and myoglobin in the temperature range between −65 and 90
°C. The in-depth analysis even for small conformational changes is performed using 2D Raman correlation analysis and difference Raman analysis in order to gain straightforward understanding of proteins undergoing thermodynamical perturbation.
We report a female newborn with a combination of 3 skin lesions: Mongolian spots, port-wine stains, and cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita. This association is an unclassifiable form of ...phacomatosis and only 7 similar cases have been published in the literature. According to some authors, this association should be considered as a distinct entity of phacomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV) with the specific name “phacomatosis cesioflammeo-marmorata”. PPV pathogenesis is still unclear.
Abstract Aim. Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) and benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) are the most common forms of childhood epilepsy. Recent studies in animal models ...suggest that the two phenotypes may represent a neurobiological continuum. Although the coexistence of CAE and BECTS has been reported, this issue remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyse the electro-clinical characteristics of a group of children with contemporary or subsequent features of absence seizures and focal seizures consistent with BECTS. Material and Methods A systematic record review from 8 epilepsy centres was used to identify 11 subjects, 5 females and 6 males, with electro-clinical documented consecutive or contemporary coexistence of CAE and BECTS. Results Patient’s age ranged between 7.8 and 17.3 years. Four out of 11 patients presented concomitant features of both syndromes, whereas the remaining 7 experienced the two syndromes at different times. Conclusions Although CAE and BECTS are clearly defined syndromes and considered very different in terms of their pathophysiology, they share some features (such as similar age of onset, overall good prognosis), and can occur in the same patient. The long term prognosis of these patients seems to be good with an excellent response to anticonvulsant therapy.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) are serious emergencies in the neonatal period. Although these conditions are recognized as distinct pathologies, literature ...reports suggest that recurrent episodes of SVT may predispose patients to NEC via disturbances in mesenteric blood flow and a decrease in tissue perfusion.
We present a case of a preterm infant affected by recurrent episodes of SVT who developed the initial stage of NEC on the 17th day of life. Moreover, a detailed description of all the cases described in the literature is reported.
An integrative review of the updated literature in the Medline database and PubMed and scientific books and articles was conducted. The research from October 2019 to December 2019 was searched for with MeSH and free terms (necrotizing enterocolitis, supraventricular tachycardia) and was linked by Boolean operators.
SVT can be considered a risk factor for the development of NEC. Therefore, clinicians should have a high level of suspicion for NEC in infants affected by SVT. This article is the first structured literature review analysing the association between SVT and NEC.
All newborns should be examined for ocular structural abnormalities, an essential part of the newborn assessment. Early detection of congenital ocular disorders is important to begin appropriate ...medical or surgical therapy and to prevent visual problems and blindness, which could deeply affect a child’s life. The present review aims to describe the main congenital ocular anomalies in newborns and provide images in order to help the physician in current clinical practice.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and represents a potentially fatal disease. Recently, dermatological manifestations have been ...reported to be signs of COVID-19. We describe a case of a newborn and her mother affected by SARS-CoV-2, that developed hypercarotenosis (HC) about 5 weeks after delivery. The aim of this report is to identify the pathological mechanism of this association and to underline the importance of investigating any dubious skin manifestation in case of contact with patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, because it may be a clinical sign of infection. Even if not previously described in the literature, this case report suggests a possible association between HC and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
In this work active SERS (surface enhanced Raman scattering) substrates are obtained by electron beam lithography and site selective electroless deposition technique. The combination of these two ...techniques allows to obtain well-defined metal structures, with a considerable advantage in Raman signal enhancement and in device reproducibility. The active-substrates are composed of silver, gold or a combination of the two metals, with different nanoparticles characteristics, obtained by varying metal deposition time. Rhodamine 6G was used as probe molecules for SERS experiments, showing that this new active substrate has high sensitivity to SERS response and allows to give Raman scattering also for diluted solutions (10
−20
M).
We report the case of a female term neonate admitted for congenital skin anomalies to a Neonatology Department a few hours after birth. Pregnancy and vaginal delivery were uneventful. On physical ...examination, she had extensive homogeneous erythematous patches involving her face, the upper left side of the chest, left shoulder, left arm, and most of the surface of her right leg and knee. Moreover, she had reddish marble-like reticulated patches on the back and blue spots partly mixed with them. An ocular examination showed buphthalmos of her right eye. Echocardiogram revealed a structurally normal heart with good contractility. Blood tests, abdominal and cranial ultrasound were normal, and no other abnormalities were found. Questions: • What kind of skin lesions do you recognize? • What is your diagnosis? • Which further investigations would you suggest?
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