•This paper conducts a content analysis of a sample of 481 English core journal articles using three bibliometric mapping software tools (CiteSpace, HistCite and VOSviewer) to reveal the predominant ...mention and citation practices.•We employ several diffusion indicators (e.g., diffusion breadth and speed on the article, journal and domain levels) to provide insight into the influence and diffusion patterns of the three software tools.•Researchers mention and cite the three software tools in diverse ways and some of them fail to provide a formal citation of the three software tools.•Among the three software tools, VOSviewer is more frequently used than CiteSpace and HistCite.•The three tools are adopted fastest and most frequently in library and information science research, and they are then gradually adopted in other areas of study, initially at a lower diffusion speed but afterward at a rapidly growing rate.
This study investigates the use, citation and diffusion of three bibliometric mapping software tools (CiteSpace, HistCite and VOSviewer) in scientific papers. We first conduct a content analysis of a sample of 481 English core journal papers—i.e., papers from journals deemed central to their respective disciplines—in which at least one of these tools is mentioned. This allows us to understand the predominant mention and citation practices surrounding these tools. We then employ several diffusion indicators to gain insight into the diffusion patterns of the three software tools. Overall, we find that researchers mention and cite the tools in diverse ways, many of which fall short of a traditional formal citation. Our results further indicate a clear upward trend in the use of all three tools, though VOSviewer is more frequently used than CiteSpace or HistCite. We also find that these three software tools have seen the fastest and most widespread adoption in library and information science research, where the tools originated. They have since been gradually adopted in other areas of study, initially at a lower diffusion speed but afterward at a rapidly growing rate.
Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with high mortality due to difficulties in its early diagnosis and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment induced by interactions between pancreatic ...epithelial/cancer cells and stromal cells is critical for pancreatic cancer progression and has been implicated in the failure of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Microenvironment formation requires interactions between pancreatic cancer cells and stromal cells. Components of the pancreatic cancer microenvironment that contribute to desmoplasia and immunosuppression are associated with poor patient prognosis. These components can facilitate desmoplasia and immunosuppression in primary and metastatic sites or can promote metastasis by stimulating angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion/migration, and pre-metastatic niche formation. Some molecules participate in both microenvironment formation and metastasis. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of pancreatic cancer microenvironment formation and discuss how the pancreatic cancer microenvironment participates in metastasis, representing a potential target for combination therapy to enhance overall survival.
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•The methods toward chiral Si-, P-, and S-containing compounds are discussed.•Of these methods to construct them, asymmetric C–H activation strategy is highlighted.•The key ...stereo-discriminating steps in C–H activation mechanisms are elucidated.•The applications and further transformations of related products are presented.
Chiral Si-, P-, and S-containing organic compounds with central, planar, and axial chiralities have found a plethora of applications in various fields of chemistry. Despite significant efforts to explore new catalytic methodologies and synthetic applications to access such compounds, there are still only a few examples which are low in number and limited in diversity. The catalytic construction of Si-, P-, and S-stereogenic organoheteroatom compounds is undoubtedly one of the most exciting and challenging aspects in asymmetric catalysis and the application of catalytic asymmetric C–H activation reaction for the construction of chiral organoheteroatom compounds is still in its infancy. In this Review, we highlighted the main progress on the corresponding catalytic asymmetric reactions that apply to the construction of Si-, P-, and S-stereogenic centers and related chiral organoheteroatom compounds in a catalytic C–H activation fashion.
Enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an emerging soil improvement method using free urease enzyme for urea hydrolysis. This method has advantages over the commonly used microbially ...induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) process as it does not involve issues related to bio-safety. However, in terms of efficiency of calcium carbonate production, EICP is considered lower than that of MICP. In this paper, a high efficiency EICP method is proposed. The key of this new method is to adopt a one-phase injection of low pH solution strategy. In this so-called one-phase-low-pH method, EICP solution consisting of a mixture of urease solution of pH = 6.5, urea and calcium chloride is injected into soil. The test results have shown that the one-phase-low-pH method can improve significantly the calcium conversion efficiency and the uniformity of calcium carbonate distribution in the sand samples as compared with the conventional two-phase EICP method. Furthermore, the unconfined compressive strength of sand treated using the one-phase-low-pH method is much higher than that using the two-phase method and the one-phase-low-pH method is also simpler and more efficient as it involves less number of injections.
Glioma is the common type of malignant tumor with high mortality worldwide. Survival rate of patients with glioma remains poor, and almost half of patients died within 15 months. The increasing ...researches indicated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1) played essential roles in tumor initiation and progression. Therefore, it is worth clarifying potential role of ZFAS1 in glioma. The expression levels of ZFAS1, miR-1271-5p, and Hexokinase 2 (HK2) in glioma tissues and cells were examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Kaplan-Meier curve was employed to analyze the relationship between cumulative survival time of glioma patients and expression level of ZFAS1. The cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mobility ability were assessed with 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and transwell assays. The relationship among ZFAS1, miR-1271-5p, and HK2 was analyzed by bioinformatics assay, dual-luciferase reporter and Pearson’s correlation analyses. The protein expression level of HK2 was examined by western blot assay. Finally, a xenograft experiment was established to assess the effects of ZFAS1 silencing in vivo. ZFAS1 was highly expressed in glioma tissues and cells, besides, the expression level of ZFAS1 was associated with survival time of glioma patients. Functional experiments suggested that knockdown of ZFAS1 or upregulation of miR-1271-5p constrained proliferation, migration and induced apoptosis of glioma cells. In addition, miR-1271-5p, interacted with HK2, was a target of ZFAS1. The gain of HK2 could overturn ZFAS1 silencing-induced effects on glioma cells. Besides, deficiency of ZFAS1 hindered tumor growth in vivo. ZFAS1 was involved in proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of glioma cells via regulating miR-1271-5p/HK2 axis.
In this paper, a new two-step approach (detecting and pruning) for automatic extraction of road networks from aerial images is presented. The road detection step is based on shape classification of a ...local homogeneous region around a pixel. The local homogeneous region is enclosed by a polygon, called the footprint of the pixel. This step involves detecting road footprints, tracking roads, and growing a road tree. We use a spoke wheel operator to obtain the road footprint. We propose an automatic road seeding method based on rectangular approximations to road footprints and a toe-finding algorithm to classify footprints for growing a road tree. The road tree pruning step makes use of a Bayes decision model based on the area-to-perimeter ratio (the A/P ratio) of the footprint to prune the paths that leak into the surroundings. We introduce a lognormal distribution to characterize the conditional probability of A/P ratios of the footprints in the road tree and present an automatic method to estimate the parameters that are related to the Bayes decision model. Results are presented for various aerial images. Evaluation of the extracted road networks using representative aerial images shows that the completeness of our road tracker ranges from 84% to 94%, correctness is above 81%, and quality is from 82% to 92%.
Portal Venous Gas Cui, Ming; Lu, Xin
The New England journal of medicine,
11/2018, Volume:
379, Issue:
21
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A 72-year-old man presented with an 11-hour history of periumbilical abdominal pain and inability to pass flatus. Computed tomography revealed extensive portal venous gas.
Objectives
Previous studies suggested that helicopter parenting was associated with college students’ psychological maladjustment. The mechanisms and circumstances explaining such an association, ...however, were less studied. In the present study, we aimed to extend the current research to investigate
how
and under
what condition
helicopter parenting was related to college students’ psychological maladjustment by examining a potential mediator—self-control, and a contextual moderator—living arrangement.
Methods
This study used a sample of 432 emerging adult college students from two large southern universities in the U.S. Participants reported their parents’ helicopter parenting, their own self-control, symptoms of depression and anxiety, life satisfaction, and demographics (e.g., living arrangement).
Results
Findings from structural equation modeling suggested that (1) self-control mediated the association between perceived helicopter parenting and college students’ psychological maladjustment including symptoms of depression and anxiety and low life satisfaction; and (2) living arrangement moderated this association such that the association between perceived helicopter parenting and college students’ psychological maladjustment was stronger among college students who were living with their parents than among those living away from their parents.
Conclusions
The findings suggested that helicopter parenting could affect college students’ psychological maladjustment through lower levels of self-control. The effect of helicopter parenting on psychological maladjustment could be more salient among students living with their parents as compared to those living away from their parents.
Objective
The current study aimed to examine the economic impact of COVID‐19 virus on family dynamics and college‐age children's mental health in China and to identity personal and social or ...relational resilience factors that could buffer the negative consequences of COVID‐19.
Background
Since an outbreak of COVID‐19 was first reported in China in December 2019, it has profoundly changed the lives of families and children of all ages. In particular, it has created challenges among families with college‐age young adult children.
Method
Using a sample of 484 college students from 21 universities in China, an online survey design was utilized to obtain information from these students on their family demographics and economic situation, parent–child interactions, and individual well‐being during COVID‐19.
Results
Results from structural equation modeling suggested that family income loss due to COVID‐19 was related to economic pressure. Economic pressure was associated with negative interactions between parents and young adult children, which were associated with problems in young adult children's mental health (i.e., anxiety and depressive symptoms). Further, self‐control was found to buffer the association between family income loss and economic pressure, and respect for family was found to weaken the association between economic pressure and negative parent–child interactions.
Conclusion
Findings supported the hypotheses of the negative impacts of COVID‐19 on young adult children's mental health and the resilience factors that buffered the negative impacts.
Implications
Implications to family researchers, family life educators, practitioners, and policymakers were discussed.
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