The aim of this study was to critically evaluate the diagnostic yields of direct immunofluorescence (DIF) analysis on perilesional and normal-appearing mucosa biopsy samples, to determine the optimal ...biopsy site for patients presenting with oral pemphigus vulgaris (PV) or mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP). Electronic databases and article bibliographies were searched in December 2022. The primary outcome was the rate of DIF positivity. Of 374 records identified after the elimination of duplicates, 21 studies with 1027 samples were ultimately included. Meta-analysis revealed a pooled DIF positivity rate of 99.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 97.4–100.0%, I2 = 0%) for PV and 92.6% (95% CI 87.9–96.5%, I2 = 44%) for MMP for biopsies from perilesional sites, and of 95.4% (95% CI 88.6–99.5%, I2 = 0%) for PV and 94.1% (95% CI 86.5–99.2%, I2 = 42%) for MMP for biopsies from normal-appearing sites. For MMP, there was no significant difference in the rate of DIF positivity between the two biopsy sites (odds ratio 1.91, 95% CI 0.91–4.01, I2 = 0%). The results suggest that the perilesional mucosa remains the optimal biopsy site for DIF diagnosis of oral PV, while the normal-appearing mucosa biopsy is optimal for oral MMP.
To investigate the effects of SPAG6 silencing and decitabine on apoptosis and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) methylation in SKM-1 cells in vitro and in vivo.
SKM-1 cells were transfected with ...a lentiviral vector to silence the expression of SPAG6. Cell survival rate was detected by CCK8 after treatment with decitabine, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Protein expression and methylation of PTEN were detected using Western blot and merozoite surface protein (MSP) . An non-obese diabetic/severe combined inmunodeficiency disease (NOD/SCID) mice xenograft tumor model was established, and the apoptosis and PTEN expression of tumor tissue were observed through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) , respectively.
After lentivirus transfection, SPAG6 in the interference group was silenced successfully. CCK8 results indicated that the cell survival rate of SKM-1 cells treated with decitabine decreased. Flow cytometry showed that the
Abstract
Multigene assays can provide insight into key biological processes and prognostic information to guide development and selection of adjuvant cancer therapy. We report a comprehensive genomic ...and transcriptomic analysis of tumor samples from 171 patients at high risk for recurrent renal cell carcinoma post nephrectomy from the S-TRAC trial (NCT00375674). We identify gene expression signatures, including STRAC11 (derived from the sunitinib-treated population). The overlap in key elements captured in these gene expression signatures, which include genes representative of the tumor stroma microenvironment, regulatory T cell, and myeloid cells, suggests they are likely to be both prognostic and predictive of the anti-angiogenic effect in the adjuvant setting. These signatures also point to the identification of potential therapeutic targets for development in adjuvant renal cell carcinoma, such as MERTK and TDO2. Finally, our findings suggest that while anti-angiogenic adjuvant therapy might be important, it may not be sufficient to prevent recurrence and that other factors such as immune response and tumor environment may be of greater importance.
Laccase, a member of a group of proteins collectively known as multicopper oxidases, is hypothesized to play an important role in insect cuticle sclerotization by oxidizing catechols in the cuticle ...to their corresponding quinones, which then catalyze protein cross-linking reactions. Laccase 2 has been proved as the gene required for beetle cuticle tanning through RNA interference (RNAi) experiments on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. The pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptero: Cerambycidae) is the insect serving as a major vector of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which is the causative agent for pine wilt disease. The cDNA of MaLac2 was cloned from the insect in this study. The conceptual amino-acid sequence deduced was much conserved with other known insect laccases, particularly with the enzyme of Tribolium castaneum. Injection in hemolymph of pine sawyer larva of dsRNA targeting the laccase 2 mRNA leads to important alterations of the tanning, hardening and sclerotization of the pupal and adult cuticles. Defaults appear in a dose-dependent manner and high loads of dsRNA are lethal. The decrease of the endogenous laccase 2 mRNA affects the procuticle which is thinner and without the characteristic piling up of successive layers. The observations reinforce the role of laccase 2 as an essential phenoloxidase for making cuticle.
Memory reactivation during sleep is thought to facilitate memory consolidation. Most sleep reactivation research has examined how reactivation of specific facts, objects, and associations benefits ...their overall retention. However, our memories are not unitary, and not all features of a memory persist in tandem over time. Instead, our memories are transformed, with some features strengthened and others weakened. Does sleep reactivation drive memory transformation? We leveraged the Targeted Memory Reactivation technique in an object category learning paradigm to examine this question. Participants (20 female, 14 male) learned three categories of novel objects, where each object had unique, distinguishing features as well as features shared with other members of its category. We used a real-time EEG protocol to cue the reactivation of these objects during sleep at moments optimized to generate reactivation events. We found that reactivation improved memory for distinguishing features while worsening memory for shared features, suggesting a differentiation process. The results indicate that sleep reactivation does not act holistically on object memories, instead supporting a transformation process where some features are enhanced over others.
This study addresses a critical gap in our understanding of memory consolidation by demonstrating a role for reactivation during sleep in memory transformation. Most research on sleep reactivation has examined how reactivation of specific items benefits retention; the assumption has been that memories are reactivated in whole during sleep and that the entirety of the memory benefits. However, we know that our memories are not unitary elements that improve holistically over time. Instead, they undergo transformation, with some features strengthened and others weakened. We demonstrate that memory reactivation during sleep is causally contributing to this transformation. Our findings provide several novel insights into the dynamics of memory reactivation, advancing our understanding of how sleep shapes memory representations.
Surgical operation is one of the significant parts of the comprehensive therapeutic methods of lung cancer. In the history of the development of lung cancer operation, scholars and predecessors at ...home and abroad have gradually established the current status of lung cancer operation and the framework of comprehensive treatment after continuous understanding of local anatomy of lung, continuous innovation of surgical equipment and continuous reform of surgical methods. In the continuous development and improvement of lung cancer surgical diagnosis and treatment procedures, a set of standardized diagnosis and treatment process of lung cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment, standardized surgery process, rapid perioperative recovery, postoperative adjuvant treatment and follow-up has been formed. The achievements of lung cancer operation are achieved by scholars standing on the shoulders of giants. In the process of pioneering and innovating, we should go back and review the road that our predecessors h
To investigate the real-world difference in the ICU readmission rate between the high-dependency unit (HDU) and the general ward so as to reflect the role of HDU in the diagnosis and management of ...patients with SLD.
Patients with severe liver disease who were consecutively enrolled were step-downed to HDU and general wards in the ICU of the Fifth Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army General Hospital between July 2017 and December 2021. The main liver function indicators, MELD scores, and other were compared between the two groups. SLD severity, ICU readmission rates, and others differences were analyzed among the patients transferred to different wards. The HDU role was clarified for SLD patients' grade management. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to calculate and explore the feasibility of a baseline Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score to define the treatment scope of HDU.
The SLD group of patients who were transferred to HDU had si
To investigate the correlation between early energy supplement and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm and very low birth weight infants.
A retrospective cohort study design was used. A ...total of 939 preterm infants who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology of the West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University within 24 h after birth from January 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled in the study. They were born with a gestational age of <32 weeks and (or) a birth weight of <1 500 g. Of them, 250 preterm infants who developed BPD were enrolled in the BPD group, and each of them was matched to a preterm infant who did not develop BPD (matched for gestational age and birth weight) in the order of priority after calculating propensity score. Their total energy, enteral energy, parenteral energy, total fluid intake and energy per unit of fluid per week were collected within the first 2 weeks of life. The independent sample
-test or Mann Whitney
test was used for continuous variables, and the
Circulating proteins can reveal key pathways to cancer and identify therapeutic targets for cancer prevention. We investigate 2,074 circulating proteins and risk of nine common cancers (bladder, ...breast, endometrium, head and neck, lung, ovary, pancreas, kidney, and malignant non-melanoma) using cis protein Mendelian randomisation and colocalization. We conduct additional analyses to identify adverse side-effects of altering risk proteins and map cancer risk proteins to drug targets. Here we find 40 proteins associated with common cancers, such as PLAUR and risk of breast cancer odds ratio per standard deviation increment: 2.27, 1.88-2.74, and with high-mortality cancers, such as CTRB1 and pancreatic cancer 0.79, 0.73-0.85. We also identify potential adverse effects of protein-altering interventions to reduce cancer risk, such as hypertension. Additionally, we report 18 proteins associated with cancer risk that map to existing drugs and 15 that are not currently under clinical investigation. In sum, we identify protein-cancer links that improve our understanding of cancer aetiology. We also demonstrate that the wider consequence of any protein-altering intervention on well-being and morbidity is required to interpret any utility of proteins as potential future targets for therapeutic prevention.
PDF
