The role of education systems is crucial in creating bilingualism and multilingualism. Based on domestic and foreign literature and structured interviews with public officials in North Macedonia and ...Italy, the article analyses the solutions and incentives for institutional bilingualism, which have proven insufficient thus far. It also offers a model of multilingualism as a concept of an ideal environment where speakers can communicate using multiple languages. The impact of new information and communication technologies on language learning and use in bilingual areas and their contribution to the creation of an ideal environment conducive to multilingualism will also be examined. The data obtained shows, among other things, that artificial intelligence is also revolutionising language use and learning. Nonetheless, despite rapid progress, human communication in different languages cannot be replaced by artificial algorithms.
Članek obravnava (ne)ustreznost nove ureditve izvajanja pogrebne dejavnosti v Republiki Sloveniji. Svojci pokojnika izbirajo izvajalce na trgu prosto, po svoji presoji. Vendar pa primerjalne študije ...in raziskava avtorice kaže na to, da se posameznik ob izgubi svojca, ki mu mora oskrbeti pogreb, ne obnaša kot običajni potrošnik na trgu. Z metodami družboslovnega raziskovanja avtorica kritično analizira različne sisteme po svetu. Posebno pozornost nameni tržnemu sistemu, ki se je razvil v ZDA. Prav tako primerja oba sistema (monopolni in licenčni sistem), v katerih se je v RS doslej izvajala pogreba dejavnost, ter z rezultati utemeljene teorije predlaga popravke veljavnega licenčnega sistema. Članek obravnava poleg pravno-ekonomske analize tudi psihološko-sociološke vidike obnašanja uporabnikov storitev in tudi tistih subjektov, ki zagotavljajo storitve.
Programi čezmejnega sodelovanja, ki so del evropskega teritorialnega sodelovanja (ETS) imajo za cilj integracijo obmejnih območij, vendar pa je dejanski učinek teh programov vprašljiv. Vzroki so v ...ekonomski neučinkovitosti evropskih institucij in evropske kohezijske politike, dodatno k temu pa nacionalni upravni sistemi za izvajanje teh programov vzpostavljajo vedno nove administrativne ovire in bremena, ki prispevajo k neučinkoviti porabi evropskih sredstev. Do katere točke so lahko ukrepi evropskih institucij in upravnih sistemov držav članic na področju izvajanja programov optimalno učinkoviti, lahko pokažejo instrumenti ekonomske analize.
The author tries to explain the phenomena of brain drain, brain gain and brain circulation. Since many countries are confronted with brain circulation, it has become a new aim of national strategies ...in connecting countries with diasporas. To explain the reasons for these migrations, the author used foreign studies, existent statistic information and the extensive public debate, which started in Slovenia. On this basis, she tries to answer the question whether Slovenia is facing brain drain or not, and states the most recent measures taken in the country. The author also mentions some examples of good practices and initiatives of international organizations considering brain circulation and then analyses networks, which are used for communicating with scientific diasporas. A part of these networks is also online communication with the help of new online communication technologies. Adapted from the source document.
Avtorica skuša pojasniti pojave bega možganov, priliva možganov in kroženja možganov. Kroženje možganov je nov cilj nacionalnih strategij v povezovanju držav z diasporami, saj se s preseljevanjem ...svojih znanstvenikov in strokovnjakov sooča večina držav. Razloge za preseljevanje pojasnjuje avtorica s pomočjo opravljenih študij tujih avtorjev, obstoječih statističnih podatkov in obširne javne debate, ki se je pričela v Sloveniji, pri čemer poskuša odgovoriti na vprašanje, ali se v Sloveniji soočamo z begom možganom, in navaja zadnje ukrepe Slovenije. V nadaljevanju članka avtorica navaja primere dobrih praks za kroženje možganov in pobude mednarodnih organizacij ter analizira omrežja, ki rabijo komuniciranju z znanstvenimi diasporami. Del omrežij je tudi spletno komuniciranje s pomočjo novih spletnih komunikacijskih tehnologij.
This paper analyzes new challenges in the field of ambient air protection, such as the use of new energy-generating products, and assesses the air quality protection responsibilities of local ...communities in European Union (EU) Member States. Domestic heating systems are a major source of air pollution. Thus, chimney-sweeping services are very important and must be regulated to provide fire safety and guarantee better ambient air quality. This paper analyzes Slovenian legislation regulating chimney-sweeping services and compares the Slovenian laws with comparable laws of other European countries and the national laws of EU Member States to examine the laws’ effectiveness in regulating and protecting air quality. More specifically, the paper uses legal and economic analyses to examine the efficiency of current legislation pertaining to chimney-sweeping services. The paper concludes that, consistent with theories of asymmetric information and negative externalities, licensing would be more effective in meeting the challenges of ambient air protection than current exclusive concession agreements, which effectively establish geographical monopolies in chimney-sweeping services.
This article analyzes new challenges in the field of ambient air protection, such as the use of new energy-generating products, and assesses the air quality protection responsibilities of local ...communities in European Union (EU) Member States. Domestic heating systems are a major source of air pollution. Thus, chimney-sweeping services are very important and must be regulated to provide fire safety and guarantee better ambient air quality. This article analyzes Slovenian legislation regulating chimney-sweeping services and compares the Slovenian laws with comparable laws of other European countries and the national laws of EU Member States to examine the laws' effectiveness in regulating and protecting air quality. More specifically, this article uses legal and economic analyses, to examine the efficiency of current legislation pertaining to chimney-sweeping services. This article concludes that, consistent with theories of asymmetric information and negative externalities, licensing would be more effective in meeting the challenges of ambient air protection, than current exclusive concession agreements, which effectively establish geographical monopolies in chimney-sweeping services.
Članek obravnava pomen institucionalne dvojezičnosti v javni upravi na narodno mešanih območjih. Nacionalni predpisi omogočajo, da je poslovanje v javni upravi dvojezično, v članku pa želimo ...ugotoviti, koliko se zakonski predpisi o dvojezičnosti uresničujejo tudi v praksi. Čeprav zakonodaja omogoča rabo jezika narodne skupnosti in je ne omejuje samo na pripadnike manjšine, pa se ob neustrezni jezikovni in izobraževalni politiki možnost rabe uradnega jezika – jezika narodne skupnosti zoži le na poslovanje s pripadniki manjšine, torej postane raba uradnega jezika omejena le na osebno pravico pripadnikov manjšin. Na osnovi zbranih empiričnih podatkov smo ocenili učinkovitost politike na področju uresničevanja institucionalne dvojezičnosti in predlagali rešitve.
The central part of this article refers to the (in)effective implementation of cross-border cooperation programmes in the framework of the European Territorial Cooperation (ETC), in which Slovenia ...also participates. The ETC is one of the objectives of the European Union Cohesion Policy, which aims at the integration of border areas. Some beneficiaries of these funds are complaining that the trend is oriented towards increasingly large and complex projects of such programmes and a growing bureaucracy. This is a particularly issue of small organizations and societies, which are in personnel and organizational respect unable to cope with the professional agencies. The professional agencies are preparing projects, looking for project partners and then, at a very high price, sell them to the project holders. Our hypothesis is that the "implementation of EU funds is complex and requires a lot of coordination within the European and national regulatory systems, which contribute to economic inefficiency of the European Union Cohesion Policy or the inefficient spending of EU funds". Adapted from the source document.
ABSTRACT IN SLOVENE: Programi cezmejnega sodelovanja, ki so del evropskega teritorialnega sodelovanja (ETS) imajo za cilj integracijo obmejnih obmocij, vendar pa je dejanski ucinek teh programov ...vprasljiv. Vzroki so v ekonomski neucinkovitosti evropskih institucij in evropske kohezijske politike, dodatno k temu pa nacionalni upravni sistemi za izvajanje teh programov vzpostavljajo vedno nove administrativne ovire in bremena, ki prispevajo k neucinkoviti porabi evropskih sredstev. Do katere tocke so lahko ukrepi evropskih institucij in upravnih sistemov drzav clanic na podrocju izvajanja programov optimalno ucinkoviti, lahko pokazejo instrumenti ekonomske analize. // ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The central part of this article refers to the (in)effective implementation of cross-border cooperation programmes in the framework of the European Territorial Cooperation (ETC), in which Slovenia also participates. The ETC is one of the objectives of the European Union Cohesion Policy, which aims at the integration of border areas. Some beneficiaries of these funds are complaining that the trend is oriented towards increasingly large and complex projects of such programmes and a growing bureaucracy. This is a particularly issue of small organizations and societies, which are in personnel and organizational respect unable to cope with the professional agencies. The professional agencies are preparing projects, looking for project partners and then, at a very high price, sell them to the project holders.
