Introduction
Since the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic, new guidelines for dental practice were published. This research aims to examine the knowledge of dental students and their attitudes towards ...current guidelines.
Materials and methods
The study involved 76 fourth‐year dental medicine students from three public universities in Croatia. A survey questionnaire was developed based on in‐depth interviews and a pilot pretesting. The online questionnaire consisting of 36 questions was published using Google Forms. The survey data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and presented with descriptive statistics.
Results
Survey data showed the dental students' knowledge of the guidelines for dental practices is at an insufficient level (average score of 67% correct answers). Students who have come across the guidelines outside the faculty environment through assistantships have demonstrated lesser knowledge (65%) of the guidelines than the ones who do not (68%). A similar trend is observed with dental students who grew up in a family of doctors of dental medicine (61%) and ones who did not (68%). Students also independently assessed their knowledge of the guidelines as moderate (3.15 out of 5), while evaluating the application of current guidelines as very important (4.38 out of 5).
Conclusion
Awareness of dental students should be improved by adapting the curriculum of dental studies and increasing the availability of information on current guidelines. Dental students need to be motivated to independently inform themselves about the current guidelines for dental practices, thus improving their clinical work.
Laseri u liječenju mliječnih zuba Bašić, Rebecca; Budak, Lea; Megovetić-Vranić, Dubravka
Paediatria Croatica,
12/2021, Volume:
65, Issue:
4
Paper
Peer reviewed
Open access
Smatra se da je korištenje lasera u terapiji novorođenčadi i male djece, uključujući i pacijente s posebnim potrebama, učinkovito prilikom restaurativnih zahvata i terapije mekih tkiva. Uporaba ...različitih vrsta lasera prilikom terapije pojedinih tkiva ovisi o načinu interakcije tkiva s laserskom svjetlošću i željenom učinku u svrhu liječenja. Terapija laserom ima pozitivan antimikrobni učinak i po- voljno utječe na mineralizaciju cakline. Nd:YAG laser povećava otpornost cakline na demineralizaciju što ga čini vrijednom terapij- skom mogućnosti u kombinaciji s fluoridacijom zuba. Laseri se mogu koristiti u širem spektru vitalnih i avitalnih preparacija pulpe mliječnih zuba uključujući prekrivanje pulpe, pulpotomiju i pulpektomiju. Upotreba lasera u dentalnoj medicini ima posebnu važ- nost u radu s djecom. Svojom preciznošću i selektivnošću laseri omogućuju minimalno invazivnu preparaciju tvrdih zubnih tkiva. Također, predstavljaju manju opasnost za termičke ozljede tkiva prilikom preparacije u usporedbi s klasičnim tehnikama preparacije. Zbog manjeg kontakta terapijskog pomagala i tkiva smanjena je bol i vibracije prilikom preparacije. Time se postiže bolja suradlji- vost pacijenata zbog smanjene dentalne anksioznosti i fobije u djece. Veća ugoda pacijenta je postignuta i analgetičkim učinkom erbijevog lasera, zbog nepostojanja potrebe za uporabom lokalnih anestetika prilikom zahvata. U ovom radu predstavljeno je pro- vedeno kliničko istraživanje na 120 pacijenata u dobi 5 – 8 godina. Sudionici ispitivanja bili su podjeljeni u dvije skupine na kojima su se proveli postupci tradicionalne pulpotomije i pulpotomije diodnim laserom. Rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su kliničku vrijednost primjene diodnih lasera u dječjoj i preventivnoj dentalnoj medicini.
This study assesses the knowledge, practices, and attitudes of medical staff in intensive care units (ICUs) regarding oral hygiene care for critically ill, bedridden patients.
A cross-sectional study ...included 65 employees from the Intensive Care Units of the Sestre Milosrdnice Clinical Hospital Centre (CHC SM) and the Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care at the University Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb (CHC ZG). A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, methods, frequency, and attitudes towards oral care for mechanically ventilated patients. The data were examined through descriptive statistical methods, presented in terms of proportions (percentages). For the purpose of comparing the feedback across the two hospital centers and different educational backgrounds, the Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were employed.
Results of a survey of 65 participants (18 from CHC SM and 47 from CHC ZG) revealed a notable disparity in oral hygiene knowledge, with graduate nurses displaying the highest proportion of adequate knowledge (100%) and regular nurses showing the least (30.3%) (p<.001). Although the execution of oral care practices did not vary significantly among the groups, graduate nurses performed oral care more frequently (80% vs. baccalaureate technicians 33.33% and nurses 57.6%, three or more times a day) and demonstrated better proficiency in both mechanical (p=.005) and chemical (p<.001) biofilm management compared to their counterparts. No significant difference was observed in the delivery of oral care to orotracheally intubated patients across different educational levels (p=.127). However, a marked difference was noted in the perception of being adequately trained for such care, with nurses feeling less prepared (12.1%, p<.001). Despite these variances, all respondents recognized the importance of oral hygiene, thus showing a strong dedication to oral health care.
This study highlights variability in ICU oral hygiene practices and points to the importance of standardized care protocols and improved training for healthcare staff.
U posljednje vrijeme, sve češća pojava ortodontskih anomalija nameće pitanje o tome koliko se često vodi briga o odlasku djece stomatologu, preventivi nastanka karijesa te osnovama oralne higijene. U ...ovom radu analizirat će se uzroci i posljedice destrukcije mliječnih zuba te mogućnost prevencije njihova gubitka. Kakve se promjene događaju nakon gubitka mliječnog zuba? Utječe li njihov gubitak na daljnji razvitak čeljusti i kakvoću djetetova života? Može li se prevenirati njihova totalna destrukcija te što se događa s prostorom nakon njihova gubitka?
Background/Aim
Most of the previous studies in the available literature discussed the time of arrival in general to the healthcare system, while a minority studied the relationship between the type ...of trauma and arrival. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the arrival time of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) depending on the urgency of treatment according to Andreasen.
Materials and Methods
This 8‐year retrospective study was carried out at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the University Dental Clinic in Zagreb, Croatia. Andreasen's classification was used to define the kind of TDI as well as to divide them by the need for urgent treatment or treatment priorities in three groups: acute, subacute, and delayed.
Results
The sample consisted of 1040 children (59% male and 41% female) with a median age of 7. Each year, the age group most affected by TDIs was 6–12 years old. While there is a general increase in the prevalence of TDIs overall, there is a decline in TDIs among children aged 6–12 and an increase among preschoolers and adolescents (below 6 and above 12 years old). Throughout the years, 52.73% red/acute and 41.16% yellow/subacute TDIs were not treated on time due to delayed arrival. More patients from Zagreb come in the first 24 h, while more patients from outside Zagreb come to the clinic a month or more after their injuries. Patients which suffered TDI accompanied with soft‐tissue injury arrived sooner.
Conclusions
It is necessary to introduce monitoring and education of patients under the age of 6 and over 12, as well as their parents/caregivers. New programs should be implemented and new referent centers that specialize in treating TDIs outside of Zagreb should be established.
Aim
The aim of this observational split‐mouth study was to compare the retention and caries protective effect of four different sealant materials in children aged 6–13 years during a 2‐year follow‐up ...period.
Design
Eighty children were included in this study, which was conducted in Blato (Korčula island), Croatia. Each participant received at least two different sealant materials on caries‐free permanent molars in two different quadrants. Sealant materials (M1 – glass‐ionomer cement; M2, M4 – resin‐based filled sealants; M3 – resin‐based unfilled sealant) were delivered in a random order.
Results
The results of this study showed that M2 (30 teeth, 46.2%) and M4 (27 teeth, 46.6%) showed statistically significantly higher number of teeth with total retention after 2‐year follow‐up period, in comparison with M1 (10 teeth, 19.2%) or M3 (12 teeth, 20.7%) (p < .001). There was no statistically significant difference in caries occurrence between different groups in which the sealant material was totally retained.
Conclusions
According to the results of this study, filled resin‐based sealant materials showed better retention during the 2‐year follow‐up period while both resin‐based and glass‐ionomer sealants demonstrated protection against dental caries if totally retained on the occlusal surface.
Human saliva is rich in proteins of variable functions (e.g., enzymes, immunoglobulins, cytokines) and origin (blood plasma, salivary glands, or oral microflora). Circadian dynamics, volume and ...composition (electrolytes, pH, protein, etc.) of secreted saliva vary with local and systemic physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the composition of saliva, protein in particular, has been intensively investigated to identify the potential markers and/or mechanisms of systemic and local diseases. Proteomic techniques used for the analysis of biological fluids have enabled great advances in salivary protein stabilization (as the main precondition for their analysis) and detection of those found in saliva in very low concentrations, including small proteins and peptides. This review brings the main characteristics of current proteomic techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry, and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization/time of flight/mass spectrometry. These techniques enable simultaneous identification of hundreds and thousands of protein molecules, as well as identifying those of a potential biological value in particular states. This literature review is focused on the state-of-the-art and possibilities offered by proteomic techniques in analyzing the effects of orthodontic appliances on salivary protein composition and searching for potential markers of therapeutic success/failure or for the molecules by which therapeutic effects are achieved.
Svrha rada: Svrha ispitivanja bila je usporediti vidnu oštrinu na blizinu stomatologa bez optičkog pomagala i vidnu oštrinu na blizinu s Galilejevim teleskopskim sistemom s povećanjem od 2,5 puta na ...žarišnoj udaljenosti od 350 milimetara u simuliranim kliničkim uvjetima. Ispitanici i postupci: U ispitivanju je sudjelovalo 50 stomatologa emetropa (centralna vidna oštrina 1,0). Minijaturni Snellenov optotip postavljen je u kavitet molara dentalnog fantoma u simuliranim kliničkim uvjetima. Vidna oštrina na blizinu ispitivala se: bez korekcije na udaljenosti od 300 do 400 mm, Galilejevim teleskopom s povećanjem od 2,5 puta, na žarišnoj udaljenosti od 350 mm. Rezultati: Distribucije vidnih oštrina zabilježenih korištenjem sistema VSC i VGA 2,5 uspoređene su testom Wilcoxon-Signed-Rank. Rezultati su upozorili na statistički značajnu razliku u distribuciji zabilježenih vidnih oštrina između optičkih sistema VSC i VGA 2,5 (W = - 403,5; p < 0,001). Zaključak: Sistemom VGA 2,5 zabilježene su veće vrijednosti vidne oštrine u odnosu na naturalni vid bez magnifikacijskih pomagala (VSC).
Nowadays, the use of lasers in dental medicine has become an effective approach for numerous restorative and soft tissue therapeutic procedures. The use of different types of lasers depends on how ...the tissue interacts with the laser light and the purpose of treatment. Although some studies show the benefits of laser pulpotomy compared to the conventional method of pulpotomy, clinical studies are lacking. Moreover, the material used for a definitive restoration of endodontically treated primary teeth can also affect the outcome of the therapy. Therefore, this prospective study aimed to compare the clinical use of the diode laser and the conventional method of vital pulpotomy, as well as the influence of the material chosen for a definitive restoration for the outcome of the procedure. Patients were divided into two groups: conventional pulpotomy and 980 nm diode laser. Each group was then divided into two subgroups according to the type of material for the final restoration. By comparing the success of the therapy according to clinical parameters depending on the material of the final restoration, the advantage of the composite material compared to the glass ionomer cement was noticed at 6 months checkup (p = 0.045). A strong positive correlation between the quality of the final restoration according to the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria and the success of the clinical parameters was found in all investigated time points. There is no statistically significant difference between the diode laser and the conventional pulpotomy, however, the choice and quality of the final restoration significantly contribute to the outcome of therapy.
Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between children’s and parents’ dental anxiety. Methods: 731 children of different ages and their parents from six European ...countries participated in this study. Dental anxiety was investigated through an online questionnaire, which consisted of general questions and the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), which is a questionnaire that measures respondents’ reactions on a 5-point scale for four different situations. Results: CDAS results were calculated for all children and their parents. A total of 12.5% of children from Croatia, 26.67% from Macedonia, 10.94% from Bosnia and Herzegovina, 20.31% from Montenegro, 23.08% from Slovenia and 16.10% from Serbia showed a high level of anxiety. The correlation between dental anxiety of parents and children was 0.4 (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Parents with negative experience from a dental office can have a bad effect on their child’s behaviour, which results in the creation of a non-active patient. Due to the clear and existing cause-and-effect relationship of dental anxiety in children and parents, it is extremely important to educate parents about the proper psychological approach to children in order to promote positive experiences from dental offices, as well as to emphasize the importance of regular visits to the dentist.
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