Bulk charge density waves are now reported in nearly all high-temperature superconducting cuprates, with the noticeable exception of one particular family: the copper oxychlorides. Here, we used ...resonant inelastic X-ray scattering to reveal a bulk charge density waves in these materials. Combining resonant inelastic X-ray scattering with non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, we investigate the interplay between the lattice excitations and the charge density wave, and evidence the phonon anomalies of the Cu-O bond-stretching mode at the charge density wave wave-vector. We propose that such electron-phonon anomalies occur in the presence of dispersive charge excitations emanating from the charge density wave and interacting with the Cu-O bond-stretching phonon. Our results pave the way for future studies, combining both bulk and surface probes, to investigate the static and dynamical properties of the charge density wave in the copper oxychloride family.
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As one of the basic areas of research for the improvement of the electromagnetic environment, this paper has developed a carbon plate having orientation characteristics. To exhibit the orientation ...characteristics in a plane wave, a slit was cut on the surface of a carbon plate. The value of the radio frequency (RF) magnetic shielding degree SD HP when holding the slit in the carbon plate perpendicularly, in the frequency region from 1 MHz to 1 GHz, increased with frequency and had a value of 48 dB at 1 GHz. It was also shown that the value of SD HH when holding the slit horizontally indicated about 15 dB in the frequency region from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. Namely, the difference in the values of shielding degree of the carbon plate versus the orientation of slit indicated the characteristics of the orientation. Experimental results revealed several characteristics of the slit carbon plate that include the influences of the slit length L , slit number N , and slit width w on the characteristics of the orientation. In this paper, the orientation characteristics were improved by the superposition of a slit ferrite plate over a slit carbon plate, termed the compound plate. In addition, important criteria are discussed for the design of a plate for effective RF magnetic shielding having orientation characteristics.
As part of the basic research for the improvement of the electromagnetic environment, the present study has developed a ferrite plate having orientation characteristics. To exhibit the orientation ...characteristics of a plane wave, a slit was cut on the surface of the ferrite plate. The values of the radio frequency (RF) magnetic shielding degree SD HH when holding the slit horizontal to the ground, in the frequency region of 1 MHz (43 dB) to 200 MHz (8 dB), decreased with frequency. The value of RF magnetic shielding degree SD HP when holding the slit perpendicular indicated an average value of 20 dB in this frequency region. Namely, the values of the difference, SD HH - SD HP , indicated an average value of 13 dB as the orientation characteristics. The orientation characteristics of the ferrite plate, however, displayed no orientation characteristics in the frequency region of 200 MHz to 3 GHz. Therefore, in order to improve the orientation characteristics in this frequency region, a compound plate was formed by the superposition of a slit carbon plate over the slit ferrite plate. The values of the difference, SD HH - SD HP , for the compound plate were then improved by approximately 35 dB in the frequency region from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. Experimental results revealed several orientation characteristics of the compound, slit ferrite and carbon plates.
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